scholarly journals Sustainability Features of Jeddah Traditional Housing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maged Attia
Keyword(s):  
Urban Form ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Public Life ◽  
Heat Absorption ◽  
Previous Knowledge ◽  
Humid Climate ◽  
The Family ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Basement Reservoirs ◽  
Hot Humid Climate

Sustainability is clearly represented in Jeddah old city where traditional builders have developed unique practices that promote environmental, social and economic qualities. The urban form and buildings proved efficiency towards the conservative society, the pattern of life and the prevailing hot-humid climate. The open space system, characterized by narrow walkways and wider intersections, provided shaded and ventilated places for walking and communicating. Houses were configured according to social traditions that imply the separation between private and public life. Walls were constructed of locally coral stone blocks known by its thermal insulation ability, then finished with white color which acts on reflecting sunlight and reduces the heat absorption. Large wooden latticed windows admit daylight but control heating and ventilation, while providing privacy for the family. Moreover, rainwater was collected and stored in basement reservoirs. However, attempts to record these manifestations of sustainability have always been subjective. Therefore, based on long experience of academic work in relation to historic Jeddah, the present chapter intends to reintroduce previous knowledge but supported by evidence whenever possible hoping that it can help formulating guidelines for effective and sustainable alternatives. This is of great benefit to current professionals.

scholarly journals Building Configuration of Low-Cost Apartments in Bandung—Its Contribution to the Microclimate and Outdoor Thermal Comfort

Buildings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beta Paramita ◽  
Hiroatsu Fukuda ◽  
Rendy Perdana Khidmat ◽  
Andreas Matzarakis
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Outdoor Thermal Comfort ◽  
Humid Climate ◽  
Hot Humid Climate ◽  
Radiant Temperature ◽  
Building Form

This paper aims to find the microclimate aspect within the building form and configuration of five low-cost apartments (henceforth rusun) in Bandung, Indonesia. There are parallel, square, and interspersed plots investigated with specific discussion on the microclimate aspects that gain human perception of outdoor thermal comfort. The microclimate prognostic model, i.e., ENVI-met, was used to determine the mean radiant temperature (Tmrt), which was then used to describe the living quality of outdoor thermal comfort, i.e., PET (physiologically equivalent temperature) in a hot-humid climate context. A parallel plot with building orientation toward north-south was found as the most beneficial building form and configuration. Somehow, the parallel plot toward the west-east orientation did not provide similar performance. Nevertheless, the square plot provided uncomfortable perception as there was an absence of building shade within the wide open space and ground cover to absorb the insolation. The interspersed plot can be considered for the building configuration because it generates more wind among other plots. The building form and configuration of rusun with passive design seems to not be able to achieve outdoor thermal comfort. The highest PET value of Model D with the square plot had PET = 41 °C (hot) while the lowest PET in Model A with the parallel plot (N-S) had PET = 34.2 °C (slightly warm).

scholarly journals The Khrinnytski Szlachta Family in Private and Public Life of Early Modern Volhynia. The Line of Mykhailo Svatkovych Khrinnytski

2021 ◽  
pp. 66-88
Author(s):  
Iryna Voronchuk
Keyword(s):  
Public Life ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Family Structures ◽  
Documentary Sources ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Status ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
History Of ◽  
Family Connections ◽  
Land Holdings

The article elucidates the history of the Khrinnytski szlachta family, which during the 16th – first half of the 17th century gradually ascended from the ranks of petty and nameless Volhynian szlachta to the status of the most influential families that played an important role in the political, military and public life of the Volhynian society. A historiographical review of the works of Polish genealogists, who include Ukrainian szlahcta to the Polish nobility, demonstrates scarcity of information on this family and some inaccuracies, which documentary sources have allowed to correct.On the basis of documents, the first cohorts of the clan are singled out and matrimonial ties and individual family structures are re-establsihed. The occupations of individual members of the family who held important offices in local administration of that time are identified. It is ascertained that the rise of the entire Khrinnytski House among the Volhynian szlachta began with Mykhailo Svatkovych, who, owning to his advantageous matrimonial ties, formed family connections with such powerful Volhynian families as the Semashkis and Rusyn Berestetskis, who by that time were already holding important land offices. Ivan Mykhailovych, the son of Mykhailo Svatkovych, gained some considerable influence among the szlachta: for almost 46 years he, at first, held the office of a Lutsk under-judge and then of a Lutsk judge. Public activities of the members of the family are analyzed, especially their participation in the socio-religious struggle, which was related to those significant changes that took place in the Commonwealth and particulary in Volhynia. The participation of the Khrinnitskis in the struggle against the introduction of the Brest Union and their partaking in the establishment of fraternities and military expeditions are revealed and presented.The property status of the family during the 16th – first half of the 17th century is analyzed. On the basis of documents, it is proved that members of the family, holding important land offices, started to become rich and actively acquired estates. Profitable marriages with representatives of princely and magnate families also brought them big land holdings. All that contributed to the transition of the family from petty szlachta to a group of a few powerful magnate families.

scholarly journals PRINCIPLES AND CONCEPTS IN DESIGNING TROPICAL-SHORE SETTLEMENT IN ESTUARY ECOSYSTEM CASE STUDY: WERIAGAR DISTRICT, BINTUNI BAY

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-176
Author(s):  
Firmansyah Firmansyah ◽  
Resya Wulanningsih ◽  
Bintang Nidia Kusuma ◽  
Ira Prayuni Rante Allo
Keyword(s):  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Design Feature ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Humid Climate ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Architectural Form ◽  
Local Material ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Hot Humid Climate

Weriagar District is located in estuary area and is prone to land loss, due to river and coastal erosion. Without any prevention efforts, Weriagar land might be disappear due to erosion on coastal and riverside. The Shore Housing Improvement Program was developed in 2014 to improve the environment, housing and settlement in Weriagar District. Based on the preliminary site observation and further site survey, the program continued in conducting in-depth analysis consists of house assessment method prior to concept select matrix development, in which design criteria were obtained. The results from analysis phase shows that it is necessary to design a house and settlement that can fulfil the needs of indigenous people, both functionally and aesthetically. Functionally, the house is designed to provide spaces for both private and public needs of the family. It can be used either as a family private space or as a public gathering space between family and their neighbours. Aesthetically, houses’ architectural form is designed to identify the locality of Weriagar District. The houses’ design feature highlighted in using local material, rainwater harvesting system, high pitched roof feature as a response to hot-humid climate and elevated-floor feature as response to tidal condition in estuary area.

The Public Face of Private Life

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marshall Poe
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Public Life ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Private Life ◽  
The Public ◽  
Domestic Relations ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Family ◽  
Private And Public

This essay concerns a common rite of conviviality among the seventeenth-century Muscovite elite — the presentation of dependent female family members (wives, married daughters, servants) to guests during banquets.1 This ritual stands at the nexus of private and public life in Muscovy, for while it occurred within the confines of the home it was designed to offer strangers an idealized representation of domestic relations. The first section below points out that indigenous Muscovite sources for private life, banquets, and the family-presentation ritual are problematic, and then goes on to argue that foreign accounts provide good (though neglected) information on these topics. The second section continues this line of argument by substantiating the credibility of the foreign descriptions of the family-presentation ritual. The third section surveys the descriptions themselves and variations among them. The final section offers an interpretation of the symbolism of the family-presentation ritual and its meaning for the Muscovite elite.

scholarly journals The Observation of Sensory Design in Open Spaces of University Campus under Hot-humid Climate

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (13) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Mengjia Fan ◽  
Adi Ainurzaman Jamaludin ◽  
Hazreena Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Open Space ◽  
Publishing House ◽  
Sensory Stimulation ◽  
Humid Climate ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
University Campuses ◽  
Outdoor Experience ◽  
Questionnaire Surveys ◽  
Hot Humid Climate ◽  
Sensory Design

This paper aims to explore the current sensory design of open spaces surrounding educational buildings. Observation of sensory landscape variables is conducted to investigate the potential of supporting outdoor experience. The expected key findings include the functional design and the stimulated multi-senses in the presence of university campuses under a hot-humid climate. In recommendation, the conjunction of behavioural mapping and questionnaire surveys in future studies may lead to more findings of the interaction of users' behaviours and activities, as well as the correlations between sensory stimulation, environmental satisfaction, and outdoor experience.Keywords: Sensory stimulation; outdoor experience; open space; university campuseISSN: 2398-4287 © 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v5i13.2043

Public Housing in Bandung an Assessment and Approaches through Urban Physics

2014 ◽  
Vol 935 ◽  
pp. 273-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beta Paramita ◽  
Hiroatsu Fukuda
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Public Housing ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
High Density ◽  
Outdoor Thermal Comfort ◽  
Humid Climate ◽  
Urban Forms ◽  
Hot Humid Climate ◽  
Radiant Temperature

High density of population and vertical buildings seems to be the only aspect fit to the concept for city in the developing country. The vertical housings then become a matter of necessity in high density area, in which the building groups themselves significantly contribute to microclimate at urban scales. This study is going to give descriptions of outdoor thermal comfort of public housing in Bandung by means its correlation between urban forms and mean radiant temperature. A number of simulations have used ENVI-met to reveal a better urban form which addresses the role of urban physics in the study of outdoor thermal comfort in a hot humid climate area.

دور علماء الإسلام في مواجهة التحديات بين المسلمين في الصين (The Role of The Islamic Scholars In Encountering The Challenges Among The Muslims In China)

1970 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-116
Author(s):  
يونس عبد الله ما تشنغ بين الصيني
Keyword(s):  
Legal System ◽  
Chinese Language ◽  
Public Life ◽  
Islamic Culture ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Islamic Faith

الملخّص إن بقاء الإسلام، ورغبة المسلمين في الحفاظ على عقيدة الإسلام، وشريعته السمحاء في الصين راجعة إلى جهود علمائنا الأجلاء الذين نَهَلُوا العلم الصافي من مَعِينِ القرآن والسنة. وخدمتهم من خلال ترجمة معاني القرآن الكريم، وتبسيط العقيدة والشريعة باللغة الصينية خير دليل على ذلك. ويحاول الباحث تسليط الضوء من خلال هذا البحث على طبيعة الإسلام في أرض الصين، كاشفا أمر وضع الإسلام وطبيعة حال المسلمين، وتحدياتهم قديما وحديثا، مبينا محاولتهم على حفاظ دين الإسلام، وأداء شعائره. ويؤمن الباحث من خلال توصيف حالة الإسلام والمسلمين، أن صلاح المسلمين، وبقاءهم كأمة مسالمة لا رغبة لها؛ إلا في الإصلاح، والتعمير في الأرض، فهو لا يتحقق إلا بإصلاح النفس، وعودتها إلى طاعة الله سرا وعلانية دون الإنغماس في تحقيق الرغبات المادية، وإشباع المطامع الشهوانية من خلال جمع حطام الدنيا دون الالتفات إلى حلال وحرام، وطاعة ومعصية.    الكلمات المفتاحيّة: جهود العلماء، ثقافة الإسلام، مصادر الإسلام الأصلية، التحديات، الصين، الدعوة.                                                                                             Abstract The continuation of Islam in China and the aspiration of the Muslims to maintain Islamic faith and its true tolerant legal system retract to the struggles of our respected scholars who learnt the knowledge of the Qurʼan and the Prophetic traditions (al-Sunnah). The services they rendered in translating the meaning of the Qurʼan, simplifying the creed and the legal system of Islam into Chinese language are good indications in that context. In this paper, the researcher is trying to highlight the normal nature of Islam in China by exploring the position and nature of the Muslims, their contemporary and past challenges, and revealing their attempts to preserve the religion of Islam in discharging the religious rites. Through the depiction of Islam and the Muslims, the researcher believes that the wellbeing of Muslims and their continuous survival to be a peace-loving nation could not be achieved without the reform and proper development through self-reformation and its return to full submission to Allah both in private and public life, and without indulging in attainment of material desires and satiating the lust of accumulating ephemeral materials of this world without paying any heed to lawfulness or unlawfulness, or to being obedient or disobedient. Keywords: Effort of the Scholars, Islamic Culture, Noble Origin of Islam, Challenges, Propagation of the Religion.

دور علماء الإسلام في مواجهة التحديات بين المسلمين في الصين The Role of The Islamic Scholars In Encountering The Challenges Among The Muslims In China

1970 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-116
Author(s):  
يونس عبد الله ما تشنغ بين الصيني
Keyword(s):  
Legal System ◽  
Chinese Language ◽  
Public Life ◽  
Islamic Culture ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Islamic Faith

الملخّصإن بقاء الإسلام، ورغبة المسلمين في الحفاظ على عقيدة الإسلام، وشريعته السمحاء في الصين راجعة إلى جهود علمائنا الأجلاء الذين نَهَلُوا العلم الصافي من مَعِينِ القرآن والسنة. وخدمتهم من خلال ترجمة معاني القرآن الكريم، وتبسيط العقيدة والشريعة باللغة الصينية خير دليل على ذلك. ويحاول الباحث تسليط الضوء من خلال هذا البحث على طبيعة الإسلام في أرض الصين، كاشفا أمر وضع الإسلام وطبيعة حال المسلمين، وتحدياتهم قديما وحديثا، مبينا محاولتهم على حفاظ دين الإسلام، وأداء شعائره. ويؤمن الباحث من خلال توصيف حالة الإسلام والمسلمين، أن صلاح المسلمين، وبقاءهم كأمة مسالمة لا رغبة لها؛ إلا في الإصلاح، والتعمير في الأرض، فهو لا يتحقق إلا بإصلاح النفس، وعودتها إلى طاعة الله سرا وعلانية دون الإنغماس في تحقيق الرغبات المادية، وإشباع المطامع الشهوانية من خلال جمع حطام الدنيا دون الالتفات إلى حلال وحرام، وطاعة ومعصية.   الكلمات المفتاحيّة: جهود العلماء، ثقافة الإسلام، مصادر الإسلام الأصلية، التحديات، الصين، الدعوة.                                                                                   AbstractThe continuation of Islam in China and the aspiration of the Muslims to maintain Islamic faith and its true tolerant legal system retract to the struggles of our respected scholars who learnt the knowledge of the Qurʼan and the Prophetic traditions (al-Sunnah). The services they rendered in translating the meaning of the Qurʼan, simplifying the creed and the legal system of Islam into Chinese language are good indications in that context. In this paper, the researcher is trying to highlight the normal nature of Islam in China by exploring the position and nature of the Muslims, their contemporary and past challenges, and revealing their attempts to preserve the religion of Islam in discharging the religious rites. Through the depiction of Islam and the Muslims, the researcher believes that the wellbeing of Muslims and their continuous survival to be a peace-loving nation could not be achieved without the reform and proper development through self-reformation and its return to full submission to Allah both in private and public life, and without indulging in attainment of material desires and satiating the lust of accumulating ephemeral materials of this world without paying any heed to lawfulness or unlawfulness, or to being obedient or disobedient.Keywords: Effort of the Scholars, Islamic Culture, Noble Origin of Islam, Challenges, Propagation of the Religion.

Organizing in the 1970s

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily E. LB. Twarog
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Labor Movement ◽  
Women's Movement ◽  
Public Life ◽  
Grocery Store ◽  
National Organization ◽  
Consumer Activism ◽  
Family Economy ◽  
The Family

In 1973, housewives in California launched what would be the last meat boycott of the twentieth century. And, like its predecessors, the 1973 boycott gained national momentum albeit with little political traction now that Peterson had left public life for a job in the private sector as the consumer advisor to the Giant grocery store chain. And in some quarters of the labor movement, activists drew very clear links between the family economy and the stagnation plaguing workers’ wages. The 1973 boycott led to the founding of the National Consumers Congress, a national organization intended to unite consumer organizers. While it was a short-lived organization, it demonstrates the momentum that consumer activism was building. This chapter also reflects on the lost coordinating opportunity between housewives organizing around consumer issues and the women’s movement in the 1970s.

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