scholarly journals Imaging of Pediatric Benign Bone Tumors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jignesh Shah ◽  
Ankita Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Bone Tumors ◽  
Pathological Fracture ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Medical Intervention ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Patient Anxiety ◽  
Benign Bone Tumors ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Imaging Approach ◽  
Bone Abnormalities

Benign bone tumors in the pediatric population can have varied clinical presentations ranging from asymptomatic to nonspecific pain, swelling, or pathological fracture. A systemic imaging approach should be utilized to evaluate for focal bone abnormalities. Radiologists must be aware of salient imaging features of pediatric benign bone tumors, as it helps to guide clinicians for further management and help decreasing patient anxiety and unnecessary medical intervention.

scholarly journals Demystifying Sacral Masses: A Pictorial Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Senne ◽  
Van Nguyen ◽  
Derek Staner ◽  
James D. Stensby ◽  
Ambarish P. Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Bone Tumors ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Common Site ◽  
Secondary Tumors ◽  
Pictorial Review ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Vertebral Bodies ◽  
Sacral Tumors ◽  
Sacral Bone

AbstractThe sacrum is a triangular shaped bone made up of five fused vertebral bodies. It is composed of bone, cartilage, marrow elements as well as notochord remnants and is a common site for both benign and malignant (primary and secondary) tumors. Familiarity with the imaging features and clinical presentations of sacral bone tumors could be helpful in narrowing the differential diagnosis. Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography are the preferred imaging modalities for evaluating sacral masses. This pictorial review will highlight imaging features of common sacral tumors with pathologic correlation. Additionally, this article will review some critical principles and helpful tips to successfully biopsy these lesions.

scholarly journals ARE SPORTS INJURIES THE MOST COMMON CAUSE OF MOREL-LAVALLEE LESIONS IN THE PEDIATRIC POPULATION?

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7_suppl3) ◽  
pp. 2325967121S0002
Author(s):  
Indranil Kushare ◽  
Ramesh Babu Ghanta ◽  
Nicole A. Wunderlich
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Conservative Management ◽  
Sports Injuries ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Lower Leg ◽  
Functional Score ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Associated Injuries ◽  
Common Cause

Background: Traumatic internal degloving injury i.e. Morel-Lavallée lesion (MLL) develops as a result of blunt trauma with tangential shear forces. In the pediatric population, these have been described only as small case reports till date. Purpose: To describe the largest case series of lower extremity Morel-Lavallée lesion (MLL) in the pediatric population, to determine its etiology (especially its relationship to sports), treatment and outcomes. Methods: Retrospective study of patients <18 years presenting to a tertiary children’s hospital with MLL between 2013-2019. Demographics, clinical data, imaging features, treatment and outcomes data was collected. Descriptive statistical analysis was conducted. Results: 38 patients (21 males, 17 females) having MLL with mean age 14.6 years were classified into 2 groups- hip/thigh MLL (9 patients) and lower leg MLL (29) (Table 1.1). Most common cause of lower leg MLL was sports injury (79%). Most commonly implicated sports in MLL were football and baseball(24% each). Associated injuries were seen in 9 (23%) patients. Radiographs done in 58% of patients showed no bony abnormalities. Imaging modality of choice was MRI for lower leg MLLs (72%) and US for hip/thigh MLL (67%)(Fig.1.2). MLL size was larger for hip/thigh MLL (168 cm3) as compared to leg MLL (38.6 cm3). 25 (65.8%) of MLLs were treated with conservative management,12 (31.5%) with minimally invasive methods and 1(2.6%) needed surgical management. 2/9 (22.2%) of the associated injuries required operative management. 2/38 (5%) patients were given prophylactic antibiotics. 72.4% Lower leg MLLs were treated with conservative management while intervention was needed more in hip/thigh MLLs (55.6%). Patients returned to activities at 14.3 weeks for hip/thigh MLL;9.1 weeks for lower leg MLL. 24 patients with adequate documentation demonstrated lower extremity functional score (LEFS) and pain level of 74/80 (92.5%) and 0.7/10 respectively at mean 12.5 months follow-up. Leg cellulitis was seen as a complication in one patient. Conclusion: The largest case series on MLL exclusively in the pediatric population suggests that they are more common in knee/leg region region and usually caused by sports injuries which is notably different as compared to adult population. Most pediatric injuries are treated conservatively, especially sports related MLLs. Although return to activities takes longer for hip/thigh injuries, majority of patients regain satisfactory functionality post-injury. [Table: see text][Figure: see text]

scholarly journals Differential Diagnosis of Calvarial Tumors: A Series of 8 Cases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jitesh Kumar Sharma ◽  
Rashim Kataria ◽  
Madhur Choudhary ◽  
Devendra Kumar Purohit
Keyword(s):  
Bone Tumors ◽  
Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Follicular Carcinoma ◽  
Brown Tumor ◽  
Clinical Correlation ◽  
Skull Bone ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Tumor Metastases ◽  
Radiological Examinations

Abstract Introduction To present and discuss the clinical presentations, investigations, and treatment options for skull bone tumors. Materials and Methods This study was conducted from January 2019 to December 2019 at the Department of Neurosurgery. During this period, eight patients presented with skull bone tumor in the outpatient department. All patients were thoroughly investigated. Surgery was conducted on six patients and two patients had disseminated carcinoma; hence, surgery was not done. Patients were regularly followed-up after the surgery. Results In our study, out of eight cases, five were females and three were males. We had two cases of fibrous dysplasia, two cases of osteomas, and one case each of brown tumor, metastases from lung carcinoma, metastases from follicular carcinoma of thyroid, and Ewing sarcoma/primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET). Excision of tumor was performed where indicated and adjuvant chemo- and radiotherapy was suggested wherever required. Conclusion Bony tumors of the skull are uncommon diseases for the neurosurgeons. These tumors require a careful diagnosis with suitable radiological examinations and proper clinical correlation for proper management.

MALIGNANT AND BENIGN BONE TUMORS

2001 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 673-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon L. Miller ◽  
Fredric A. Hoffer
Keyword(s):  
Bone Tumors ◽  
Benign Bone Tumors

scholarly journals A Pattern-based Imaging Approach to Pediatric Jaw Lesions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biswanath Sahu ◽  
Rama Anand ◽  
Sandeep Kumar ◽  
Ravi Shankar Solanki ◽  
Pravesh Mehra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Developmental Process ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Careful Attention ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Complex Anatomy ◽  
Infancy And Childhood ◽  
Imaging Approach ◽  
Cross Sectional Imaging ◽  
Sectional Imaging

AbstractJaw lesions in the pediatric population, although infrequently encountered in clinical practice, can cause functional impairment and cosmetic disfiguring. It is further complicated by the difficulty in diagnosis due to complex anatomy and facial developmental process during infancy and childhood. Intraosseous pediatric jaw lesions may vary from odontogenic to nonodontogenic types with nonspecific clinical features in most cases. They deserve careful attention by a systematic approach to provide a relevant diagnosis or differential diagnosis for timely management. Imaging plays a major role in diagnosis with orthopantomograph being the foremost investigation, followed by cross-sectional imaging, essentially computed tomography as a problem-solving tool. This article highlights the imaging spectrum of various jaw lesions in the pediatric population with a pattern-based approach for radiological diagnosis.

Bone-related disorders of the jaw: A clinico-radiological diagnostic algorithm

2021 ◽  
pp. 197140092199896
Author(s):  
Ahmed Abdel Khalek Abdel Razek
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Algorithm ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Specific Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Neoplastic Lesions ◽  
Lesion Extension ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Ct And Mri

Bone-related disorders of the jaw (BRDJ) include a spectrum of non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions of the maxillofacial region that have been recently classified into fibro-osseous lesions, giant cell lesions and osseous tumours. The histopathological features of BRDJ can be similar and overlie each other. Imaging is important in order to reach a specific diagnosis. However, the appearance of BRDJ on imaging is non-specific in some cases. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are used for accurate localisation, characterisation of the tumour matrix, delineation of the lesion extension and establishment of the relation of BRDJ to the surrounding structures. Imaging is usually done to detect the relationship with the adjacent surrounding vital structures and to diagnose aggressive forms, malignant transformation and associated syndromes. The correlation of the demographic findings, the location and the clinical presentations with the imaging features are important for the diagnosis of BRDJ. The proposed clinico-radiological diagnostic algorithm with CT and MRI helps a specific diagnosis to be reached in some cases.

Imaging and clinical features of neurocutaneous melanosis in the pediatric population.

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mormina Enricomaria ◽  
Granata Francesca ◽  
Vinci Sergio Lucio ◽  
Coglitore Alessandra ◽  
Caragliano Antonio Armando ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Multisystem Disease ◽  
Neurocutaneous Melanosis ◽  
Pubmed Database

Background: Neurocutaneous melanosis (NCM) is a rare nonfamilial phakomatosis characterized by the presence of congenital melanocytic nevi and abnormal melanocytes infiltration of the leptomeninges. Objective & Methods: This paper shows the importance of early diagnosis and the most important imaging features of the disease on CT and MR scans. PubMed database was searched from January 1972 to September 2020. Papers including imaging findings of NCM, clinical, follow-up, and treatment features were collected, selecting only 89 studies. Discussion: NCM is a term used for the first time by van Bogaert in 1948. It refers to a condition caused by an error during morphogenesis and migration leading to leptomeningeal melanocytic accumulation. Although histological findings are the gold standard for diagnosis confirmation, neuroimaging and clinical features strongly support the suspect of NCM. Localization and extension of the lesions are predictive of neurological manifestations related to increased intracranial pressure, mass lesions, or spinal cord compression. CT demonstrates sites of increased density in the anterior temporal lobe - mainly the amygdala - thalami, cerebellum, and frontal lobes base. However, MRI is the best imaging method to diagnose central nervous system lesions, often appearing as T1-short signal areas of the cerebral parenchyma, indicative of central nervous system melanosis. MRI can also reveal associated intracranial and intraspinal abnormalities. Conclusion: Early imaging, when available, is helpful if NCM suspect is raised and may be of guidance in comparing later studies. NCM requires a multidisciplinary approach since it is a multisystem disease with a genetic component.

A Case of Incidentally Detected Bladder Lipoma and a Review of the Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emre Emekli ◽  
Elif Gündoğdu
Keyword(s):  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Adrenal Adenoma ◽  
Bladder Wall ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Multiplanar Reconstructions ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Pelvic Lipomatosis ◽  
One Year

Background: Lipomas are benign fatty tumors made of fat tissue. Bladder lipomas are extremely rare. For this reason, it is necessary to be aware of the imaging features when incidentally detected in imaging. Case Report: In the abdominal computed tomography (CT) performed as part of the follow-up examination of a 43-year-old patient, who had undergone surgery for adrenal adenoma five years earlier, a 14x9x8 mm smoothly marginated, ovoid-shaped, hypodense mass lesion with a homogeneous internal structure was detected in the anterior bladder wall. The pre-contrast density of the lesion was measured as -105 HU. The magnetic resonance imaging performed one year after the CT examination revealed a 14x9x8 intramural mass in the bladder wall, showing protrusion toward the lumen. The group was observed to be markedly hypointense on fat-suppressed T1 and T2-weighted images and considered consistent with a bladder lipoma. Discussion: Bladder lipomas are benign lesions that can vary in clinical presentations but usually cause hematuria. The differential diagnosis of bladder lipomas includes other mesenchymal rare benign tumors that can arise from the urinary bladder submucosal layer, including leiomyoma, hemangioma, plasmacytoma, fibroma, and neurofibroma, in imaging bladder lipomas present as homogeneous lesions containing macroscopic fat. Only the liposarcoma and pelvic lipomatosis could also show similar features. The less differentiated liposarcomas tend to present more heterogeneous enhancement, irregular-shaped margins, and infiltrative behavior. Also, appropriate multiplanar reconstructions may allow the radiologist to determine it is an extravesical pelvic lipomatosis. Conclusion: Using CT and MRI, these lesions rich in adipose tissue can be distinguished from other lesions, and their diagnosis can be made to a great extent. However, a histopathological examination is required for a definitive diagnosis.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document