scholarly journals Expedited Biodegradation of Organic Pollutants and Refractory Compounds Using Bio-Electrochemical Systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eustace Fernando ◽  
Godfrey Kyazze ◽  
Ahmed Ahsan ◽  
Pavithra Fernando
Keyword(s):  
Difficult Problem ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Alternative Technologies ◽  
Electrochemical Systems ◽  
Novel Technology ◽  
Refractory Compounds ◽  
Slow Kinetics ◽  
Rapid Removal ◽  
High Level ◽  
Kinetics Of

Biodegradation of xenobiotics is often considered to be a slow process. This is especially true if the xenobiotic in question is polymeric in nature, contains many chemical substituent groups or generally exhibits high level of toxicity to environmental microbiota. Due to this observed slow kinetics of degradation, removal of many xenobiotics from contaminated environments using conventional bioremediation technologies is a difficult problem. To alleviate this, alternative technologies showing improved kinetics of biodegradation are sought by the scientific community. One such promising approach is the usage of the novel technology of bio-electrochemical systems for improved degradation of xenobiotics. Due to the newness of this technology and affiliated methods, not much information about its usage for biodegradation of xenobiotics is available in literature. Therefore, this chapter aims to address that gap and bring about a comprehensive analysis on the usage of bio-electrochemical systems for rapid removal of xenobiotic contaminants from the environment.

Ocean Observatories Initiative (OOI) Science Plan: Exciting Opportunities Using OOI Data

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Educational Opportunities ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Data Quality Control ◽  
Novel Technology ◽  
International Collaborations ◽  
High Level ◽  
New Applications ◽  
Ocean Observing

Ocean Observatories Initiative (OOI) Science Plan: Exciting Opportunities Using OOI Data articulates the exciting research, educational opportunities, and pathways to advancing the understanding of high-priority science questions using OOI data. Specifically, this Science Plan is intended to inspire and enable the research endeavors of ocean scientists and educators, encourage collaborations, and motivate the training of future generations of scientists. This document highlights the broad science themes and provides examples of important multidisciplinary science questions that require the OOI’s novel technology. Sidebars from scientists using OOI data illustrate the novel approaches being used to address long-standing science questions that are hard to address using ship-based expeditionary practices. The Science Plan includes a high-level synopsis of the current ocean network, OOI program management, and data quality control and delivery. Innovative platforms and technologies are highlighted, as well as best practices developed by the OOI program. The Plan includes examples of educational opportunities and new applications provided by OOI data and ocean observing concepts. Community Engagement activities promoted by the OOI are featured. The document describes the ways in which current U.S. interagency partnerships and international collaborations make use of the OOI network in unique ways. Finally, information on how scientists and educators can participate in the OOI is provided.

North and South

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Gaskell ◽  
Sally Shuttleworth
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Difficult Problem ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Social Authority ◽  
Industrial Town ◽  
Middle Class Woman ◽  
Class Woman ◽  
And Gender ◽  
North And South ◽  
Obedience To Authority

`She tried to settle that most difficult problem for women, how much was to be utterly merged in obedience to authority, and how much might be set apart for freedom in working.’ North and South is a novel about rebellion. Moving from the industrial riots of discontented millworkers through to the unsought passions of a middle-class woman, and from religious crises of conscience to the ethics of naval mutiny, it poses fundamental questions about the nature of social authority and obedience. Through the story of Margaret Hale, the middle-class southerner who moves to the northern industrial town of Milton, Gaskell skilfully explores issues of class and gender in the conflict between Margaret’s ready sympathy with the workers and her growing attraction to the charismatic mill ownder, John Thornton. This new revised and expanded edition sets the novel in the context of Victorian social and medical debate.

scholarly journals The Influence of Varying Fluorination Patterns on the Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Benzenesulfonamide Binding to Human Carbonic Anhydrase II

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steffen Glöckner ◽  
Khang Ngo ◽  
Björn Wagner ◽  
Andreas Heine ◽  
Gerhard Klebe
Keyword(s):  
Carbonic Anhydrase ◽  
Carbonic Anhydrase Ii ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Binding Modes ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Small Set ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Human Carbonic Anhydrase ◽  
Kinetics Of

The fluorination of lead-like compounds is a common tool in medicinal chemistry to alter molecular properties in various ways and with different goals. We herein present a detailed study of the binding of fluorinated benzenesulfonamides to human Carbonic Anhydrase II by complementing macromolecular X-ray crystallographic observations with thermodynamic and kinetic data collected with the novel method of kinITC. Our findings comprise so far unknown alternative binding modes in the crystalline state for some of the investigated compounds as well as complex thermodynamic and kinetic structure-activity relationships. They suggest that fluorination of the benzenesulfonamide core is especially advantageous in one position with respect to the kinetic signatures of binding and that a higher degree of fluorination does not necessarily provide for a higher affinity or more favorable kinetic binding profiles. Lastly, we propose a relationship between the kinetics of binding and ligand acidity based on a small set of compounds with similar substitution patterns.

Toward high-level theoretical studies on the reaction kinetics of PAHs growth based on HACA pathway: An ONIOM[G3(MP2,CC)//B3LYP:DFT] method developed

Fuel ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 301 ◽  
pp. 121052
Author(s):  
Chengcheng Ao ◽  
Shanshan Ruan ◽  
Wei He ◽  
Yi Liu ◽  
Chenliang He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Kinetics ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
High Level ◽  
Kinetics Of

scholarly journals Slow Kinetics of Brownian Maxima

2014 ◽  
Vol 113 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Ben-Naim ◽  
P. L. Krapivsky
Keyword(s):  
Slow Kinetics ◽  
Kinetics Of

scholarly journals FGF16 regulated by miR-520b enhances the cell proliferation of lung cancer

Open Medicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 419-427
Author(s):  
Wenfeng He ◽  
Xia Liu ◽  
Zhijie Luo ◽  
Longmei Li ◽  
Xisheng Fang
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Untranslated Region ◽  
Target Gene ◽  
Regulatory Mechanism ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Accelerated Growth ◽  
High Level ◽  
Cancer Tissues ◽  
Great Damage

Abstract FGF16 is implicated in the progression of some specific types of cancers, such as embryonic carcinoma, ovarian cancer, and liver cancer. Yet, the function of FGF16 in the development of lung cancer remains largely unexplored. In this study, we present the novel function of FGF16 and the regulation of miR-520b on FGF16 in lung cancer progression. In clinical lung cancer tissues, FGF16 is overexpressed and its high level is negatively associated with the low level of miR-520b. Furthermore, both the transcription and translation levels of FGF16 are restrained by miR-520b in lung cancer cells. For the regulatory mechanism investigation, miR-520b is able to directly bind to the 3′-untranslated region (3′UTR) of FGF16 mRNA, leading to its mRNA cleavage in the cells. Functionally, miR-520b reduces the growth of lung cancer and its inhibitor anti-miR520b is able to promote the growth through competing endogenous miR-520b. Moreover, FGF16 silence using RNA interference is capable of doing great damage to anti-miR-520b-accelerated growth of lung cancer. Thus, our finding indicates that FGF16 is a new target gene of miR-520b in lung cancer. For lung cancer, FGF16 may serve as a novel biomarker and miR-520b/FGF16 may be useful in clinical treatment.

scholarly journals Novel start codons introduce novel coding sequences in the human genomes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
He Zhang ◽  
Yang Xie
Keyword(s):  
Translation Initiation ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Comparative Genomic ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Coding Sequences ◽  
Human Genomes ◽  
High Level ◽  
Selection Signal ◽  
Human Specific

AbstractStart-gain mutations can introduce novel start codons and generate novel coding sequences that may affect the function of genes. In this study, we systematically investigated the novel start codons that were either polymorphic or fixed in the human genomes. 829 polymorphic start-gain SNVs were identified in the human populations, and the novel start codons introduced by these SNVs have significantly higher activity in translation initiation. Some of these start-gain SNVs were reported to be associated with phenotypes and diseases in previous studies. By comparative genomic analysis, we found 26 human-specific start codons that were fixed after the divergence between the human and chimpanzee, and high-level translation initiation activity was observed on them. The negative selection signal was detected in the novel coding sequences introduced by these human-specific start codons, indicating the important function of these novel coding sequences. This study reveals start-gain mutations are keeping appearing in the human genomes during the evolution and may be important sources altering the function of genes which may further affect the phenotypes or cause diseases.

scholarly journals Iris Hanika's Treffen Sich Zwei: Reception, Analysis and Interpretation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Kerry Alistair Nitz
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Quantitative Evidence ◽  
Literary Context ◽  
Narrative Functions ◽  
The One ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship

<p>Iris Hanika’s commercially and critically successful novel Treffen sich zwei makes use of several techniques in the characterisation of its protagonists. Many of its reviews focus on the author’s deliberate placement of links to a wider literary context. Their interest extends from questions of genre-mixing through to the identification of direct quotes from other authors’ works. The critical preoccupation with intertexts demonstrates their importance for the readers’ response to the novel. More specifically, certain reviews highlight the important role intertexts play in the characterisation of the protagonists. This study catalogues the intertexts, metaphors and parodies in Treffen sich zwei and, by means of quantitative analysis, identifies high-level patterns in the use of these techniques. In particular, patterns are identified between, on the one hand, the different narrative functions of the intertexts and, on the other hand, the different ways in which they are interwoven in the text. The data also shows that distinct patterns are associated with each of the two protagonists and that certain patterns change in the course of the novel in parallel with the changes in the relationship between them. This quantitative evidence is supported by a more detailed, qualitative approach, which examines how specific intertexts or metaphors are used for the purposes of characterisation. In addition, variations in voice are used to distinguish the two main protagonists in a manner consistent with the intertexts and metaphors. It is thanks to the combination of these techniques that the theme of meeting encapsulated in the title, Treffen sich zwei, is woven into the textual fabric of the novel.</p>

scholarly journals Unusually sluggish microemulsion system with water, toluene and a technical branched alkyl polyethoxylate

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marija Ilic ◽  
Franz-Hubert Haegel ◽  
Vesna Pavelkic ◽  
Snezana Zlatanovic ◽  
Zoran Markovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Nonionic Surfactants ◽  
Binary Phase Diagram ◽  
Visual Observation ◽  
Ternary Mixtures ◽  
Microemulsion System ◽  
Slow Kinetics ◽  
Bicontinuous Microemulsion ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Qualitative Measurements

Microemulsion systems with water, toluene and nonionic surfactants are interesting for application due to the excellent solvent properties of aromatic hydrocarbons. In this study, the pseudo-binary phase diagram (?fish-diagram?) of such a ternary system was investigated using a branched technical alkyl polyethoxylate. Lutensol ON 50 (i-C10E5) was considered a suitable surfactant. The system with technical branched i-C10E5 exhibits very long and for compositions near optimum solubilization, i.e. the minimum content of surfactant needed for a bicontinuous microemulsion, extremely long times for equilibration. In addition to visual observation, qualitative measurements of turbidity were performed with a UV-Vis spectrometer for characterizing the behavior of this unusually sluggish system. Isothermal phase diagrams at 20, 25 and 30?C yielded inconsistent results after the change of temperature and the application of mechanical stress for different treatment of the samples. Ternary mixtures of water, toluene, and Lutensol ON 50 seem to form long-living metastable states. The sluggishness and the ambiguous phase behavior of the system are discussed. Inconsistent results are attributed to the slow kinetics of the formation and destruction of liquid crystals and the ability of the system to form miniemulsions within an unusual concentration range.

scholarly journals Pulmonary Cavitation – An Under-recognized Late Complication of Severe COVID-19 Lung Disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaid Zoumot ◽  
Maria-Fernanda Bonilla ◽  
Ali S. Wahla ◽  
Irfan Shafiq ◽  
Mateen Uzbeck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Disease ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Late Complication ◽  
Ground Glass ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Radiological Findings ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Microbiological Parameters ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
High Level

Abstract Background: Pulmonary radiological findings of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been well documented and range from scattered ground-glass infiltrates in milder cases to confluent ground-glass change, dense consolidation, and crazy paving in the critically ill. However, lung cavitation has not been commonly described in these patients. The objective of this study was to assess the incidence of pulmonary cavitation in patients with COVID-19 and describe its characteristics and evolution.Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of all patients admitted to our institution with COVID-19 and reviewed electronic medical records and imaging to identify patients who developed pulmonary cavitation.Results: Twelve out of 689 (1.7%) patients admitted to our institution with COVID-19 developed pulmonary cavitation, comprising 3.3% (n=12/359) of patients who developed COVID-19 pneumonia, and 11% (n=12/110) of those admitted to the intensive care unit. We describe the imaging characteristics of the cavitation and present the clinical, pharmacological, laboratory, and microbiological parameters for these patients. In this cohort six patients have died, two are recovering in hospital and four have been discharged home. Conclusion: Cavitary lung disease in patients with severe COVID-19 disease is not uncommon, and is associated with a high level of morbidity and mortality.

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