scholarly journals Immune Score-based Molecular Subtypes and Signature Associated with Clinical Outcome in Hepatoblastoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongping Huang ◽  
Jinlong Yan ◽  
Ruiqi Liu ◽  
Guang Tang ◽  
Qi Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Scoring System ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Molecular Subtypes ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Molecular Subtype ◽  
Gene Signature ◽  
Risk Scoring ◽  
Immune Score ◽  
Risk Scoring System

Background: This study aimed to identify genes related to the immune score of hepatoblastoma, examine the characteristics of the immune microenvironment of hepatoblastoma, and construct a risk scoring system for predicting the prognosis of hepatoblastoma. Methods: Through using the gene chip data of patients with hepatoblastoma with survival data in the ArrayExpress and GEO databases, the immune score of hepatoblastoma was calculated by the ESITIMATE algorithm, and the prognostic value of immune score in patients with hepatoblastoma was studied by the survival analysis. Genes related to the immune score were identified by the WGCNA algorithm. According to these genes, patients with hepatoblastoma were clustered unsupervised. Finally, the risk scoring system was constructed according to the immune score-related genes. Results: The immune score calculated by the ESTIMATE algorithm had a good prognostic value in patients with hepatoblastoma. Patients with high immune scores had better OS than those with low immune scores (P < 0.001). A total of 146 immune score-related genes were identified by WGCNA analysis, and univariate COX regression analysis indicated that 59 of the genes had prognostic value. According to the unsupervised clustering results of the 146 immune score-related genes, patients with hepatoblastoma could be divided into two subtypes with different prognoses, namely molecular subtype 1 and subtype 2, with molecular subtype 1 having a better prognosis. The immunocyte infiltration analysis results showed that the difference between the two subtypes was mainly in activated CD4 T cells, activated dendritic cells, CD56 bright natural killer cells, the macrophage, and regulatory T cells. According to the immune score-related genes, a risk scoring system was constructed based on a five-gene signature. After the cut-off value was determined, patients with hepatoblastoma were divided into a high-risk group and a low-risk group. The prognosis of the two groups was different. Conclusions: The immune score has a good prognostic value in patients with hepatoblastoma. Based on the different expression patterns of immune score-related genes, hepatoblastoma can be divided into two different prognostic molecular subtypes, showing different immunocyte infiltration patterns. The established risk scoring system based on a five-gene signature has a good predictive value in patients with hepatoblastoma.

scholarly journals A Risk Scoring System Based on Tumor Microenvironment Cells to Predict Prognosis and Immune Activity in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anli Yang ◽  
Minqing Wu ◽  
Mengqian Ni ◽  
Lijuan Zhang ◽  
Mingyue Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Scoring System ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Validation Cohort ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Training Cohort ◽  
Risk Scoring ◽  
Risk Scoring System

Abstract The tumor microenvironment (TME) interacting with the malignant cells plays a vital role in cancer development. Herein, we aim to establish and verify a scoring system based on the characteristics of TME cells for prognosis prediction and personalized treatment guidance in patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). 158 TNBC samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were included as the training cohort, and Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium (METABRIC) (N = 297), as well as GSE58812 (N = 107), were included as the validation cohort. The enrichment scores of 64 immune and stromal cells were estimated by the xCell algorithm. In the training cohort, cells with prognostic significance were found out using univariate Cox regression analysis and further applied to the random survival forest (RSF) model. Basing on the scores of M2 macrophages, CD8+ T cells, and CD4+ memory T cells, a risk scoring system was constructed, which divided TNBC patients into 4 phenotypes (M2low, M2highCD8+ThighCD4+Thigh, M2highCD8+ThighCD4+Tlow, and M2highCD8+Tlow) and 2 groups. The low-risk group had superior survival outcomes than the high-risk one, which was further confirmed in the validation cohort. Moreover, in the low-risk group, immune-related pathways were significantly enriched, and a higher level of antitumoral immune cells and immune checkpoint molecules, including PD-L1, PD-1, and CTLA-4, could be observed. Additionally, consistent results were achieved in the SYSUCC cohort when the scoring system was applied. In summary, this novel scoring system might predict the survival and immune activity of patients and might serve as a potential index for immunotherapy.

Venous thromboembolism in psychogeriatric in-patients – A study of risk assessment, incidence, and current prophylaxis prescribing

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 913-917 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinsheng Liu ◽  
Fintan O'Rourke ◽  
Huong Van Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Scoring System ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Vte Prophylaxis ◽  
Retrospective Audit ◽  
Medium Risk ◽  
Risk Scoring ◽  
Risk Scoring System

ABSTRACTBackground: While venous thromboembolism (VTE) risk assessment and prophylaxis is well established for medical and surgical in-patients, there is a paucity of evidence, and therefore guidelines, in this area for psychogeriatric in-patients. We wished to determine VTE incidence, risk, and use of prophylaxis, in a psychogeriatric in-patient population.Methods: Retrospective audit of consecutive psychogeriatric patients aged 65 years and over admitted to Bankstown Hospital over a 3-year period, 2007–2009. Using an adapted VTE risk scoring system, patients were assigned as low, medium, or high VTE risk.Results: A total of 192 patients were included in the study. Mean age was 79.1 ± 7.0 years. Out of the total, 55.2% of patients had diagnosis of dementia, and 33.3% had depression. Overall, 81.8% (157/192) were assessed as low risk, and 18.2% (35/192) as medium risk. Also, 16.7% (32/192) received VTE prophylaxis.Four new VTE events occurred in medium-risk group, and one in low-risk group (p = 0.004). Overall VTE incidence was 10.5/10,000 patient-days, but 44.2 per 10,000 in medium-risk group. VTE risk score was predictive of VTE events – IRR 6.02 (95% Confidence Intervals (CI) = 1.76–20.7, p = 0.004) for every one-point increment in risk. Depression was associated with significantly higher VTE occurrence (6.3% in those with diagnosis vs. 0.8% without, p = 0.043).Conclusion: Using a VTE risk scoring system adapted for psychogeriatric in-patients, those assessed to be at medium risk had a significantly increased rate of VTE. On this basis, we would recommend VTE prophylaxis be prescribed for psychogeriatric in-patients assessed to be at medium and high level of risk.

scholarly journals Identification of a gene signature closely related to immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment predicting prognosis of patients in EGFR mutant lung adenocarcinoma

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Li ◽  
Huahua Li ◽  
Chenyue Zhang ◽  
Chenxing Zhang ◽  
Haiyong Wang
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Gene Signature ◽  
Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Immune Related Genes ◽  
Egfr Mutant ◽  
Immune Score

Abstract Background: Lung adenocarcinomas (LUAD) harboring epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations generally are unable to benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), due to an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and a lower tumor mutation burden (TMB). Currently, there has been no gene signature that can comprehensively evaluate the TME and predict the prognosis of EGFR mutant LUAD patients. Methods: Using the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) database of EGFR mutant LUAD based on the immune score derived from the ESTIMATE algorithm, we screened the differential immune-related genes with prognostic value and compared the TMB profiles. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of gene and genomic (KEGG) enrichment analysis were used to analyze the potential functions. The least absolute shrinkage and selectionator operator (LASSO) cox regression model was applied to identify a gene signature and constructed risk model. Kaplan-Meier survival and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis were used to evaluate the prognostic value of the gene signature. CIBERSORT was used to evaluate the abundance of immune cells infiltration.Results: We screened 396 the differential immune-related genes based on immune score, whose potential functions were significantly related to T cell differentiation, immune response, cell cycle and cell proliferation. The disparities of TMB profile could be found between the high and low immune score group. Then, we identified a three-gene signature, including B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA), BUB1 mitotic checkpoint serine/threonine kinase B (BUB1B) and centromere protein E (CENPE). The three-gene signature could well identify at-risk patients of EGFR-mutant LUAD patients in the training and validating set, and the high-risk patients were related to shorter overall survival (OS) (p=0.0053 and p=0.035). The immune activity of B cells and macrophages were higher in the low-risk group, in contrast the immune activity of Natural Killer (NK) cells and T cells were higher in the high-risk group. Conclusions: The three-gene signature closely related to immunosuppressive TME could predict risk prognosis of patients in EGFR mutant LUAD.

scholarly journals Prognostic and Therapeutic Value of Apolipoprotein A and a New Risk Scoring System Based on Apolipoprotein A and Adenosine Deaminase in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoya Yun ◽  
Xiang Sun ◽  
Xinting Hu ◽  
Huimin Zhang ◽  
Zixun Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Adenosine Deaminase ◽  
Scoring System ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Major Protein ◽  
Apolipoprotein A ◽  
Risk Scoring ◽  
Risk Scoring System

Lipid metabolism is related to lymphomagenesis, and is a novel therapeutic target in some hematologic tumors. Apolipoprotein A (ApoA), the major protein of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), plays a crucial role in lipid transportation and protecting against cardiovascular disease, and takes effect on anti-inflammation and anti-oxidation. It is correlated with the prognosis of some solid tumors. Yet, there is no investigation involving the role of ApoA plays in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Our retrospective study focuses on the prognostic value of ApoA in CLL and its therapeutic potential for CLL patients. Herein, ApoA is a favorable independent prognostic factor for both overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) of CLL patients. ApoA is negatively associated with β2-microglobulin (β2-MG) and advanced stage, which are poor prognostic factors in CLL. Age, Rai stage, ApoA, and adenosine deaminase (ADA) are included in a new risk scoring system named ARAA-score. It is capable of assessing OS and PFS of CLL patients. Furthermore, cell proliferation assays show that the ApoA-I mimetic L-4F can inhibit the proliferation of CLL cell lines and primary cells. In conclusion, ApoA is of prognostic value in CLL, and is a potential therapy for CLL patients. The ARAA-score may optimize the risk stratification of CLL patients.

A Risk Scoring System for Predicting Overall Survival in Patients with Liver Cancer

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haibei Xin ◽  
Guanxiong Zhang ◽  
Wei Zhou ◽  
Shanshan Li ◽  
Minfeng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Scoring System ◽  
Risk Scoring ◽  
Risk Scoring System

A Novel Risk Scoring System for Predicting Primary Graft Dysfunction after Orthotopic Heart Transplantation

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. S136-S137
Author(s):  
Syed Adeel Ahsan ◽  
Jasjit Bhinder ◽  
Syed Zaid ◽  
Parija Sharedalal ◽  
Chhaya Aggarwal-Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Transplantation ◽  
Scoring System ◽  
Orthotopic Heart Transplantation ◽  
Primary Graft Dysfunction ◽  
Graft Dysfunction ◽  
Risk Scoring ◽  
Risk Scoring System

scholarly journals Novel risk scoring system for metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients treated with cabozantinib

2021 ◽  
pp. 100393
Author(s):  
Dylan J. Martini ◽  
Meredith R. Kline ◽  
Yuan Liu ◽  
Julie M. Shabto ◽  
Bradley C. Carthon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Renal Cell ◽  
Scoring System ◽  
Risk Scoring ◽  
Risk Scoring System

scholarly journals Risk Scoring System of Mortality and Prediction Model of Hospital Stay for Critically Ill Patients Receiving Parenteral Nutrition

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 853
Author(s):  
Jee-Yun Kim ◽  
Jeong Yee ◽  
Tae-Im Park ◽  
So-Youn Shin ◽  
Man-Ho Ha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Parenteral Nutrition ◽  
Prediction Model ◽  
Scoring System ◽  
Prediction Equation ◽  
Icu Patients ◽  
Risk Scoring ◽  
Risk Scoring System

Predicting the clinical progression of intensive care unit (ICU) patients is crucial for survival and prognosis. Therefore, this retrospective study aimed to develop the risk scoring system of mortality and the prediction model of ICU length of stay (LOS) among patients admitted to the ICU. Data from ICU patients aged at least 18 years who received parenteral nutrition support for ≥50% of the daily calorie requirement from February 2014 to January 2018 were collected. In-hospital mortality and log-transformed LOS were analyzed by logistic regression and linear regression, respectively. For calculating risk scores, each coefficient was obtained based on regression model. Of 445 patients, 97 patients died in the ICU; the observed mortality rate was 21.8%. Using logistic regression analysis, APACHE II score (15–29: 1 point, 30 or higher: 2 points), qSOFA score ≥ 2 (2 points), serum albumin level < 3.4 g/dL (1 point), and infectious or respiratory disease (1 point) were incorporated into risk scoring system for mortality; patients with 0, 1, 2–4, and 5–6 points had approximately 10%, 20%, 40%, and 65% risk of death. For LOS, linear regression analysis showed the following prediction equation: log(LOS) = 0.01 × (APACHE II) + 0.04 × (total bilirubin) − 0.09 × (admission diagnosis of gastrointestinal disease or injury, poisoning, or other external cause) + 0.970. Our study provides the mortality risk score and LOS prediction equation. It could help clinicians to identify those at risk and optimize ICU management.

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