scholarly journals Prevalence of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases and Antibiotic Resistance Patterns in Acinetobacter baumannii Isolated from Clinical Samples in Kermanshah, Iran

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Azizi ◽  
Seyed Hamidreza Mortazavi ◽  
Misagh Etemadimajed ◽  
Simin Gheini ◽  
Siavash Vaziri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Patterns

scholarly journals Antibiotic Resistance Patterns and Distribution of Ampc β-Lactamases Genes Among Acinetobacter Baumannii Clinical Isolates from Hospitals of Tehran, Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sajad Alizadeh ◽  
Majid Baserisalehi ◽  
Nima Bahador
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Resistance Rates ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Patterns

Abstract Background Acinetobacter is a Gram-negative coccobacilli bacterium that can produce severe and different infections. Among the species of these bacteria, Acinetobacter baumannii is the most common cause of nosocomial infections. Due to the high prevalence of antibiotic resistance in this bacterium and the significant increase in antibiotic resistance, this study was conducted to investigate the antibiotic susceptibility of A. baumannii isolates from Iran. A total of 60 A. baumannii bacteria were isolated from the different clinical samples in hospitals of Tehran, Iran. The isolates susceptibility to 13 commonly used antibiotics was examined according to the Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Using PCR, three important AmpC β-lactamases relayed genes (DHA, CIT and MOX) were detected. Results The highest and lowest resistance rate was related to ampicillin (98.3%) colistin (35%), respectively. Of 60 isolates, 59 isolates (98.34%) were resistant to more than 8 antibiotics. The frequencies of DHA, CIT and MOX genes were 1 (2%), 7 (12%), 27 (46%), respectively. Based on definition, 59 (88.33%), 44 (73.33%) and 13 (21.66%) isolates were MDR, XDR and PDR, respectively. Twenty-four isolates (40%) were negative for all three genes. There was a significant relationship between the presence of MOX gene and antibiotic resistance. Conclusions The high resistance rates of the A. baumannii isolates reported in the present study is alarming and need the management of treatment such as performing of antibiogram test before antibiotic therapy for select the appropriate antibiotic and also completes the course of treatment period.

scholarly journals Trends in antibiotic resistance patterns of methicillin resistant and methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus in Khwaja Yunus Ali Medical College Hospital

KYAMC Journal ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Akhtar Ahmed ◽  
Md Abdus Salam ◽  
Md Shakhaowat Hossain ◽  
Md Babul Aktar ◽  
Nusrat Akhtar Juyee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Patterns

Background: Antimicrobial resistance in pathogens is a growing concern for health. It is a great concern around the globe about the threat of increasing antimicrobial resistance. In response to this concerns, medical experts have proposed initiatives to curtail the spread of antimicrobial resistance in pathogenic bacteria. We have taken this surveillance study in KYAMCH to contain the spread of antimicrobial resistance.Objectives: To determine the prevalence of MRSA from different clinical samples and to record its current status to commonly used anti Staphylococcus antibiotics.Methods: The clinical samples were taken to the laboratory and within four hours cultured for isolates and identification pathogens. Finally, antibiotic sensitivity testing of the isolated Staphylococcus aureus was performed. Results: More than 80% of MRSA isolates were resistant to ampicillin (98%) followed by amoxicillin, cefixime and azithromycin with 94%, 93.5% and 85% respectively and maximum sensitivity toward tobramycin with 86% followed by 85% gentamicin and 79% meropenem.Conclusion: The detected trend in antibiotic resistance patterns of methicillin-resistant and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus in this study is alarming. This has created a huge clinical burden in the hospital settings as well as in the community.KYAMC Journal Vol. 9, No.-1, April 2018, Page 6-10

scholarly journals Phenotypic and Genotypic Detection of Extended-spectrum β-lactamase production by Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolated from Different Clinical Samples in Baghdad, Iraq

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 1681-1688
Author(s):  
Jaleel Samanje ◽  
Ahmed S. Mohammed ◽  
Maitham S.S. Al-Hamami
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Medical City ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Phenotypic Methods ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Patterns ◽  
First Time

The present study was conducted for the phenotyping of antibiotic resistance patterns among patients infected with Klebsiella pneumoniae, isolated from different clinical sites of the patients admitted to the Medical City Teaching Laboratories in Baghdad, Iraq, and to study the frequencies of the blaCTX-M, blaTEM, and blaOXA genes in the extended-spectrum b-lactamase (ESBL)-producing isolates. A total of 20 out of 35 (57.14%) K. pneumoniae isolates collected from different clinical samples were identified as ESBL producers using the combination disk test (CDT) against six types of antibiotics, as suggested by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. All K. pneumoniae isolates were observed for ESBL positivity using the CDT method and screened for blaTEM, blaCTX-M, and blaOXA genes by PCR using a specific primer. In total, 19/20 (95.0%) ESBL-positive isolates harbored the TEM genes, 18/20 (90.0%) carried CTX-M, while the blaOXA gene, for the first time in Baghdad city, was not reported in any of the isolates. A high occurrence of ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae was observed in our study based on the analysis of the TEM and CTX-M genes. Although molecular methods are more reliable in identifying ESBL production, routine clinical screening for ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae by phenotypic methods, such as CDT tests, must be introduced and encouraged in clinical settings because of its low cost.

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