The Ebola Outbreak inthe DRC

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (10) ◽  
pp. 3-4
Author(s):  
Paulo Jose Lumicao ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Democratic Republic ◽  
World Health ◽  
Director General ◽  
Local Response ◽  
Global Response ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Recent Outbreak ◽  
Republic Of The Congo ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
North Kivu

A recent outbreak of Ebola starting in August 2018 has spread rapidly in North Kivu and Ituri, north-eastern provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). This is the tenth outbreak in forty years. Nevertheless, Tedros Ghebreyesus, the director-general of the World Health Organization (WHO), recently stated that the outbreak is not yet a “public health emergency of inter- national concern.” Declaring such an emergency would trigger “a response across the United Nations, mobilizing multiple agencies, funding, and personnel . . . the sort of global response that belatedly resolved the [Ebola] epidemics in Liberia, Sierra Leone, and Guinea in 2014 and 2015.” Instead, the WHO and its partners are working with the DRC Ministry of Health to mount a more local response.

scholarly journals Analysis and simulation of a mathematical model of tuberculosis transmission in Democratic Republic of the Congo

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Selain Kasereka Kabunga ◽  
Emile F. Doungmo Goufo ◽  
Vinh Ho Tuong
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
World Health ◽  
Tuberculosis Transmission ◽  
Modeling Analysis ◽  
The World ◽  
Republic Of The Congo ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Lost To Follow Up

AbstractAccording to the World Health Organization reports, tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the top 10 deadly diseases of recent decades in the world. In this paper, we present the modeling, analysis and simulation of a mathematical model of TB transmission in a population incorporating several factors and study their impact on the disease dynamics. The spread of TB is modeled by eight compartments including different groups, which are too often not taken into account in the projections of tuberculosis incidence. The rigorous mathematical analysis of this model is provided, the basic reproduction number ($\mathcal{R}_{0}$ R 0 ) is obtained and used for TB dynamics control. The results obtained show that lost to follow-up and transferred individuals constitute a risk, but less than the cases carrying germs. Rapidly evolving latent/exposed cases are responsible for the incidence increasing in the short and medium term, while slower evolving latent/exposed cases will be responsible for the persistent long-term incidence and maintenance of TB and delay elimination in the population. The numerical simulations of the model show that, with certain parameters, TB will die out or sensibly reduce in the entire Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) population. The strategies on which the DRC’s health system is currently based to fight this disease show their weaknesses because the TB situation in the DRC remains endemic. But monitoring contact, detection of latent individuals and their treatment are actions to be taken to reduce the incidence of the disease and thus effectively control it in the population.

World Health Organization

1952 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 455-457 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
North Korea ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Secretary General ◽  
World Health ◽  
Director General ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

At the request of the Director-General (Chisholm) of the World Health Organization, the Secretary-General of the United Nations (Lie) transmitted on March 20, 1952 to the People's Republic of China and the People's Democratic Republic of North Korea WHO's offer of assistance in controlling reported epidemics in north Korea. Two further telegrams were sent on March 27 and April 3 but no acknowledgment or reply had been received.

Non-Communicable Diseases and Global Health Politics

2019 ◽  
pp. 626-659
Author(s):  
Roger Magnusson
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
World Health ◽  
Global Response ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Health Politics ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
High Level ◽  
And Control

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including cardiovascular disease, cancer, chronic respiratory diseases, and diabetes, are responsible for around 70 percent of global deaths each year. This chapter describes how NCDs have become prevalent and critically evaluates global efforts to address NCDs and their risk factors, with a particular focus on the World Health Organization (WHO) and United Nations (UN) system. It explores the factors that have prevented those addressing NCDs from achieving access to resources and a priority commensurate with their impact on people’s lives. The chapter evaluates the global response to NCDs both prior to and since the UN High-Level Meeting on Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases, held in 2011, and considers opportunities for strengthening that response in future.

Kitagohaite, Pt7Cu, a new mineral from the Lubero region, North Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo

2014 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 739-745 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Cabral ◽  
R. Skála ◽  
A. Vymazalová ◽  
A. Kallistová ◽  
B. Lehmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Vickers Hardness ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
New Mineral ◽  
Calculated Density ◽  
Reflected Light ◽  
Republic Of The Congo ◽  
Mohs Hardness ◽  
North Kivu

AbstractKitagohaite, ideally Pt7Cu, is a new mineral from the Lubero region of North Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo. The mineral occurs as alluvial grains that were recovered together with other Pt-rich intermetallic compounds and Au. Kitagohaite is opaque, greyish white and malleable and has a metallic lustre and a grey streak. In reflected light, kitagohaite is white and isotropic. The crystal structure of kitagohaite is cubic, space group Fmm, of the Ca7Ge type, with a = 7.7891(3) Å, V = 472.57(5) Å3 and Z = 4. The strongest diffraction lines [d in Å(I)(hkl)] are: 2.246 (100)(222), 1.948(8)(004), 1.377 (77)(044), 1.174(27)(622), 1.123 (31)(444) and 0.893 (13)(662). The Vickers hardness is 217 kg mm−2 (VHN100), which is equivalent to a Mohs hardness of 3½ and the calculated density is 19.958(2) g cm−3. Electron-microprobe analyses gave a mean value (n = 13) of 95.49 wt.% Pt and 4.78 wt.%Cu, which corresponds to Pt6.93Cu1.07 on the basis of eight atoms. The new mineral is named for the Kitagoha river, in the Lubero region.

Nouveaux taxons et synonymies dans le groupe de Liptena opaca (Kirby, 1890) (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae, Poritiinae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 126 (3) ◽  
pp. 367-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Libert
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Taxa ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
New Subspecies ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
The Status ◽  
Republic Of The Congo ◽  
Specific Rank

New taxa and synonymies in the group of Liptena opaca (Kirby, 1890) (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae, Poritiinae). A lectotype of Liptena opaca (Kirby, 1890) is designated, and the status of three of its subspecies are revised: ugandana Stempffer, Bennett & May, 1974, is raised to specific rank, centralis Stempffer, Bennett & May, 1974, is synonymized with L. opaca gabunica, and sankuru Stempffer, Bennett & May, 1974, becomes a subspecies of L. albomacula Hawker-Smith, 1933. Liptena ouesso Stempffer, Bennett & May, 1974, is synonymized with L. immaculata Grünberg, 1910. Six new species are described, four from Cameroon (L. arnouxi n. sp., L. laguerrei n. sp., L. mariae n. sp. and L. perconfusa n. sp.), one from eastern Nigeria (L. brophyi n. sp.), and one species (L. restricta n. sp.) as well as a new subspecies (L. immaculata orientis n. ssp.) from north-eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo.

scholarly journals Scientific Certainty in a Time of Uncertainty: Predicting Vulnerability of Canada's First Nations to Pandemic H1N1/09

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Spence ◽  
Jerry P. White
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
First Nations ◽  
Influenza Pandemic ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Indigenous Populations ◽  
World Health ◽  
Director General ◽  
Pandemic H1n1 ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

On June 11, 2009, the Director General of the World Health Organization, Dr. Margaret Chan, announced that the scientific evidence indicated that the criteria for an influenza pandemic had been met: pandemic H1N1/09 virus, the first in nearly 40 years, was officially upon us. The World Health Organization has estimated that as many as 2 billion or between 15 and 45 percent of the population globally will be infected by the H1N1/09 virus. Scientists and governments have been careful to walk a line between causing mass public fear and ensuring people take the risks seriously. The latest information indicates that the majority of individuals infected with the H1N1/09 virus thus far have suffered mild illness, although very severe and fatal illness have been observed in a small number of cases, even in young and healthy people (World Health Organization 2009c). There is no evidence to date that the virus has mutated to a more virulent or lethal form; however, as we enter the second wave of the pandemic, a significant number of people in countries across the world are susceptible to infection. Most importantly, certain subgroups have been categorized as high risk given the clinical evidence to date. One of these subgroups is Indigenous populations (World Health Organization 2009c).

Developing Medicines in Line with Global Public Health Needs: The Role of the World Health Organization

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 290-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
TIKKI PANG
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Gender Violence ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
World Health ◽  
Director General ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Absolute Poverty ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Impact

“I want my leadership to be judged by the impact of our work on the health of two populations: women and the people of Africa.” This is how Dr. Margaret Chan, the current Director-General of the World Health Organization (WHO), described her leadership mission. The reason behind this mission is evident. Women and girls constitute 70% of the world’s poor and 80% of the world’s refugees. Gender violence against women aged 15–44 is responsible for more deaths and disability than cancer, malaria, traffic accidents, and war. An estimated 350,000 to 500,000 women still die in childbirth every year. The negative health implications of absolute poverty are worst in Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. Hence, Chan aims to have the biggest impact on the world’s poorest people.

The Reaction to the Ebola Epidemic within the United Nations Framework: What Next for the World Health Organization?

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 405-424
Author(s):  
Pia Acconci
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Security Council ◽  
International Health ◽  
World Health ◽  
Director General ◽  
The World ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
Health Organization

The World Health Organization (who) was established in 1946 as a specialized agency of the United Nations (un). Since its establishment, the who has managed outbreaks of infectious diseases from a regulatory, as well as an operational perspective. The adoption of the International Health Regulations (ihrs) has been an important achievement from the former perspective. When the Ebola epidemic intensified in 2014, the who Director General issued temporary recommendations under the ihrs in order to reduce the spread of the disease and minimize cross-border barriers to international trade. The un Secretary General and then the Security Council and the General Assembly have also taken action against the Ebola epidemic. In particular, the Security Council adopted a resolution under Chapter vii of the un Charter, and thus connected the maintenance of the international peace and security to the health and social emergency. After dealing with the role of the who as a guide and coordinator of the reaction to epidemics, this article shows how the action by the Security Council against the Ebola epidemic impacts on the who ‘authority’ for the protection of health.

World Health Organization

1949 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 546-548
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
World Health ◽  
Director General ◽  
Regional Office ◽  
The World ◽  
Pan American ◽  
Health Organization

On March 22, 1949 Costa Rica ratified the constitution of the World Health Organization and on April 13 WHO was joined by Honduras, thus bringing the membership of the organization to 61.The agreement by which the Pan American Sanitary Organization became the regional office for WHO in the western hemisphere was signed on May 24, 1949 in Washington by Dr. Brock Chisholm, Director General of WHO and Dr. Fred L. Soper, Director of the Pan American Sanitary Office. Under the agreement the office was to adopt and promote health and sanitary conventions and programs in the western hemisphere provided they were “compatible with the policy and programs of the World Health Organization and are separately financed.”

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