Human Health and Environmental Health Are Interdependent

2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-170
Author(s):  
Richard O. Randolph ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Health ◽  
Human Health

Friends of the Earth and Environmental Health

2019 ◽  
pp. 16-42
Author(s):  
Jennifer Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Health ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Subject Position ◽  
Environmental Organization ◽  
Individual Health ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Consumer Choices ◽  
Litmus Test

This chapter discusses the long first decade of environmental organization Friends of the Earth (1969-1984). Founded by David Brower, FOE's central contribution to environmentalism was to move from the Sierra Club's understanding of wilderness as a retreat within which certain individuals' health could be regenerated, to thinking of human health as a litmus test for the health of the environment. Although the more systemic and anti-authoritarian of these approaches faded by the early 1980s, others pertaining to consumption and individual health persisted within mainstream environmentalism. The result was a politics in which the primary subject position was held by an undifferentiated, globalized, non-place-specific consumer in need of governmental protection yet also responsible for ensuring her own health through proper consumer choices. FOE's development during its long first decade illustrates the growing importance of individualized, consumer-based conceptions of health to the consolidation, in the early 1980s, of the environmental lobby in Washington, D.C.

Environmental and Health Implications of Plastic Pollution

2020 ◽  
pp. 38-58
Author(s):  
Toqeer Ahmed ◽  
Hassaan Fayyaz Khan Sipra
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Environmental Health ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Health Impacts ◽  
Plastic Pollution ◽  
Human Health Impacts

Plastic pollution is one of the prime and alarming issues in developing countries that has vast environmental and human health impacts which need to be addressed as a priority. Unfortunately, limited work has been done on the topic, especially on air and water pollution due to plastics in Pakistan. Informal solid waste management is being done by municipalities, which is not adequate, and the problem will increase with the upsurge in population and industrialization. There is a need to address the knowledge gap and improvements in the existing conditions to manage the issue of plastic pollution separately. In this chapter, causes; impacts of plastic pollution both on human and environmental health, plastic industries, and legislative context; and best practices to manage plastic pollution along with some important recommendations are discussed. It is expected the data presented may help the managers, environmental scientists, and policymakers to manage the problem of plastic pollution.

Environmental Health Science

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morton Lippmann ◽  
Richard B. Schlesinger
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Health ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Environmental Standards ◽  
Chemical Pollutants ◽  
Chemical Agents ◽  
Standards And Guidelines ◽  
Environmental Health Science ◽  
Total Environment

This book provides a broad, in-depth primer on chemicals in the total environment, covering the atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere and biosphere. It defines the terminology used in environmental health science related to chemicals, describes the sources of chemical agents in the environment, how they disperse and transform as they travel throughout the environment, their effects on environmental quality and human health, how levels and exposures are monitored and quantified, the technology for control of chemical pollutants, how environmental standards and guidelines are developed, and procedures for human health risk assessment and risk management. It can serve as a textbook for courses taken by advanced undergraduate or graduate university students and may also be a useful reference for practitioners working in environmental and public health areas.

scholarly journals Conceptual model of comprehensive research metrics for improved human health and environment

2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 519-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill Engel-Cox ◽  
Bennett Van Houten ◽  
Jerry Phelps ◽  
Shyanika Rose
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Health ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Logic Model ◽  
Grant Programs ◽  
Environmental Health Sciences ◽  
Research Programs ◽  
Environmental Health Research ◽  
Near Term

Performance measurement predominantly consisted of near-term outputs measured through bibliometrics, but the recent focus is on accountability for investment based on long-term outcomes. Our objective is to build a logic model and associated metrics through which to measure the contribution of environmental health research programs to improvements in human health, the environment, and the economy. We developed a logic model that defines the components and linkages between extramural environmental health research grant programs and the outputs and outcomes related to health and social welfare, environmental quality and sustainability, economics, and quality of life, focusing on the environmental health research portfolio of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) Division of Extramural Research and Training and delineates pathways for contributions by five types of institutional partners in the research process. The model is being applied to specific NIEHS research applications and the broader research community. We briefly discuss two examples and discuss the strengths and limits of outcome- based evaluation of research programs.

scholarly journals Climate and Health Concerns of Montana’s Public and Environmental Health Professionals: a Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lori Griffin Byron ◽  
Karen L. Akerlof
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Environmental Health ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Injunctive Norms ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Public Health Professionals

Abstract Background: Rural health professionals stand at the forefront of community response to climate change, but few studies have assessed their perceptions of the threat. Further, no previous study has compared the opinions of environmental to public health professionals or extensively analyzed the factors related to these experts’ climate beliefs, risk perceptions, and injunctive norms. Methods: In conjunction with the Montana Climate Assessment’s 2021 Special Report on Climate Change and Human Health, the 479 members of the Montana Public Health Association and Montana Environmental Health Association were surveyed during September-October 2019, with 39% completing the survey. We summarized descriptive data about their perceptions of local climate-related changes, and their levels of belief that global warming is happening, is mostly human-caused, is a risk to human health, and that their offices and others should take action. We also evaluated which sociodemographic and risk perception factors related to these climate beliefs, risk perceptions, and injunctive norms. Results: Health professionals in Montana, a politically conservative state, demonstrated high levels of awareness that global warming is happening, human-caused, and a threat to human health, well above reported rates of public concern. Eighty-eight percent said that global warming is occurring and 69% that it is mostly anthropogenic. Sixty-nine percent said that their own health was already affected by climate, and 86% said they were already seeing at least one climate change-related event in their communities. Seventy-two percent said that their departments should be preparing to deal with climate change’s health effects, but just 30% said that it is currently happening. We found no statistically significant differences between Montana environmental health and public health professionals in regression models predicting climate beliefs, risk perception, and injunctive norms. As in studies of the public, political ideology and the observation of local climate-related changes were the strongest factors.Conclusions: Montana environmental and public health officials said that departmental action was needed on climate change, indicating the readiness of rural health professionals to take action. Further studies of health professionals in rural regions are warranted.

scholarly journals Towards a paradigm shift in environmental health decision-making: a case study of oxybenzone

2022 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Klara Matouskova ◽  
Laura N. Vandenberg
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Environmental Health ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
Ethical Principles ◽  
Environmental Chemical ◽  
Health Decision Making ◽  
Health Decision

Abstract Background Technological advancements make lives safer and more convenient. Unfortunately, many of these advances come with costs to susceptible individuals and public health, the environment, and other species and ecosystems. Synthetic chemicals in consumer products represent a quintessential example of the complexity of both the benefits and burdens of modern living. How we navigate this complexity is a matter of a society’s values and corresponding principles. Objectives We aimed to develop a series of ethical principles to guide decision-making within the landscape of environmental health, and then apply these principles to a specific environmental chemical, oxybenzone. Oxybenzone is a widely used ultraviolet (UV) filter added to personal care products and other consumer goods to prevent UV damage, but potentially poses harm to humans, wildlife, and ecosystems. It provides an excellent example of a chemical that is widely used for the alleged purpose of protecting human health and product safety, but with costs to human health and the environment that are often ignored by stakeholders. Discussion We propose six ethical principles to guide environmental health decision-making: principles of sustainability, beneficence, non-maleficence, justice, community, and precautionary substitution. We apply these principles to the case of oxybenzone to demonstrate the complex but imperative decision-making required if we are to address the limits of the biosphere’s regenerative rates. We conclude that both ethical and practical considerations should be included in decisions about the commercial, pervasive application of synthetic compounds and that the current flawed practice of cost-benefit analysis be recognized for what it is: a technocratic approach to support corporate interests.

scholarly journals Environment & Health: perspectives and challenges

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronaldo Figueiró ◽  
Adriano Arnóbio
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Environmental Health ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Social Participation ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Concept Of Health ◽  
Conceptual Relation ◽  
And Control

The concept of health and environmental health is a historical-conceptual relation with the twentieth century. In this article, environmental health is discussed as a of intersectional and transdisciplinary practices dedicated to the reflections, in human health, of the ecogeossocial relations of man with the environment, aiming well-being, life quality and sustainability, in order to guide public policies formulated using the available knowledge and with social participation and control. In this context, infectious diseases play a key role in the comprehension of environmental health in Brazil and worldwide.

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