Trends in Genomic Analysis of the Cardiovascular System

2002 ◽  
Vol 126 (3) ◽  
pp. 310-316
Author(s):  
Leni Moldovan ◽  
Nicanor I. Moldovan
Keyword(s):  
Additional Data ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Cardiovascular Research ◽  
Oligonucleotide Arrays ◽  
Genomic Technologies ◽  
New Genes ◽  
On Line ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objective.—To evaluate the opportunities afforded cardiovascular medicine by the comprehensive and integrative approaches of genomics in cellular physiology. We present a meta-analysis of recently reported results obtained by means of high-throughput technologies (complementary DNA and oligonucleotide arrays, serial analysis of gene expression [SAGE]), as well as more traditional molecular biology approaches (real-time polymerase chain reaction, differential display, and others). Data Sources.—Newly published articles identified on PubMed and additional data provided by authors on-line (where available). Conclusions.—The impact of genomic analysis on cardiovascular research is already visible. New genes of cardiovascular interest have been discovered, while a number of known genes have been found to be changed in unexpected contexts. The patterns in the variation of expression of many genes correlate well with the models currently used to explain the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. Much more work has yet to be done, however, for the full exploitation of the immense informative potential still dormant in the genomic technologies.

scholarly journals Ralstonia solanacearum Virulence Increased Following Large Interstrain Gene Transfers by Natural Transformation

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 497-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bénédicte Coupat-Goutaland ◽  
Dominique Bernillon ◽  
Alice Guidot ◽  
Philippe Prior ◽  
Xavier Nesme ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Natural Transformation ◽  
Comparative Genomic ◽  
Type Iii Effectors ◽  
New Genes ◽  
Tomato Isolate ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Genomic Regions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Reaction Sequencing

Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) is a major driving force of evolution and is also likely to play an important role in the threatening emergence of novel pathogens, especially if it involves distantly related strains with substantially different pathogenicity. In this study, the impact of natural transformation on pathogenicity in six strains belonging to the four phylotypes of the plant-pathogenic bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum was investigated. The study focused on genomic regions that vary between donor and recipient strains and that carry genes involved in pathogenicity such as type III effectors. First, strains from R. solanacearum species complex were naturally transformed with heterologous genomic DNA. Transferred DNA regions were then determined by comparative genomic hybridization and polymerase chain reaction sequencing. We identified three transformant strains that acquired large DNA regions of up to 80 kb. In one case, strain Psi07 (phylotype IV tomato isolate) acquired 39.4 kb from GMI1000 (phylotype I tomato isolate). Investigations revealed that i) 24.4 kb of the acquired region contained 20 new genes, ii) an allelic exchange of 12 genes occurred, and iii) 27 genes (33.4 kb) formerly present in Psi07 were lost. Virulence tests with the three transformants revealed a significant increase in the aggressiveness of BCG20 over its Psi07 parent on tomato. These findings demonstrate the potential importance of HGT in the pathogenic evolution of R. solanacearum strains and open new avenues for studying pathogen emergence.

Identification of New Upregulated Genes with Possible Relevance for Multiple Myeloma Tumorigenesis

Blood ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 112 (11) ◽  
pp. 2707-2707
Author(s):  
Roberta Spetic Felix ◽  
Gisele W. B. Colleoni ◽  
Otavia L. Caballero ◽  
Manuella Sampaio Almeida ◽  
Valeria C.C. Andrade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Differential Expression ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Transcript Abundance ◽  
New Genes ◽  
Normal Plasma ◽  
Upregulated Genes

Abstract Serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) allows a comprehensive profiling of gene expression within a given tissue and also an assessment of transcript abundance. Objectives: We generated SAGE libraries from normal and neoplastic plasma cells to identify genes differentially expressed in multiple myeloma (MM). Material and Methods: Normal plasma cells were obtained from palatine tonsils and MM SAGE library was generated from bone marrow plasma cells of MM patients. Results: We obtained 29,918 SAGE tags from normal and 10,340 tags from tumor libraries. Computer-generated genomic analysis identified 46 upregulated genes in the MM library. Ten upregulated genes were selected for further investigation. Differential expression was validated by quantitative real-time PCR in purified plasma cells of 31 patients and three controls. P53CSV, DDX5, MAPKAPK2, RANBP2 were found to be upregulated in at least 50% of the MM cases tested. All of them were also found upregulated in MM when compared to normal plasma cells in a meta-analysis using ONCOMINE microarray database. Antibodies specific to DDX5, RANBP2 and MAPKAPK2 were used in a TMA containing 57 MM cases and confirmed the expression of these proteins in 74, 96, and 21% of the MM samples, respectively. Conclusions: Analysis of differential expression using SAGE could identify new genes important for myeloma tumorigenesis (P53CSV, DDX5, MAPKPK2 and RANBP2) and that could potentially be useful as therapeutic targets.

scholarly journals The development of infants’ responses to mispronunciations: A Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katie Von Holzen ◽  
Christina Bergmann
Keyword(s):  
Sentence Processing ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Vocabulary Size ◽  
Phonological Representations ◽  
On Line ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Line P ◽  
Made In

As they develop into mature speakers of their native language, infants must not only learn words but also the sounds that make up those words. To do so, they must strike a balance between accepting speaker dependent variation (e.g. mood, voice, accent), but appropriately rejecting variation when it (potentially) changes a word's meaning (e.g. cat vs. hat). This meta-analysis focuses on studies investigating infants' ability to detect mispronunciations in familiar words, or mispronunciation sensitivity. Our goal was to evaluate the development of infants' phonological representations for familiar words as well as explore the role of experimental manipulations related to theoretical questions and analysis choices. The results show that although infants are sensitive to mispronunciations, they still accept these altered forms as labels for target objects. Interestingly, this ability is not modulated by age or vocabulary size, suggesting that a mature understanding of native language phonology may be present in infants from an early age, possibly before the vocabulary explosion. These results also support several theoretical assumptions made in the literature, such as sensitivity to mispronunciation size and position of the mispronunciation. We also shed light on the impact of data analysis choices that may lead to different conclusions regarding the development of infants' mispronunciation sensitivity. Our paper concludes with recommendations for improved practice in testing infants' word and sentence processing on-line.

The impact of weight loss on depression: A preliminary meta-analysis

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce Blaine ◽  
Jennifer McElroy ◽  
Hilary Vidair
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Impact

On the Impact of Aptness, Conventionality and Familiarity on Metaphor Processing from a Meta-analytical Point of View

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-106
Author(s):  
Csilla Rákosi
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Psycholinguistic Research ◽  
Analytical Point ◽  
Metaphor Processing ◽  
The Impact

Psycholinguistic research into metaphor processing is burdened with empirical problems as experiments provide diverging evidence on the impact of conventionality, familiarity and aptness, and with conceptual issues as the interpretation and operationalization of the three concepts mentioned, as well as the related predictions which can be drawn from theories of metaphor processing, are controversial in the literature. This paper uses tools of statistical meta-analysis in order to bring us closer to the solution of these problems and reveal future lines of research.

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