Human Papillomavirus Infection of the Epididymis and Ductus Deferens: An Evaluation by Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction

2003 ◽  
Vol 127 (11) ◽  
pp. 1471-1474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandr Švec ◽  
Iva Mikyšková ◽  
Ondřej Hes ◽  
Ruth Tachezy
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Ductus Deferens ◽  
Hpv Types ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
High Risk Hpv

Abstract Context.—Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) play an important role in the etiology of squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix. The possible role of the male urogenital tract as a reservoir of HPV infection is not fully understood. We inferred from our previous observation of HPV-31 in epididymal tissue in a case of chronic epididymitis that HPV might be commonly present in cases of epididymitis caused by sexually transmitted pathogens. Objective.—To assess the presence of HPV in the epididymis and ductus deferens in nontuberculous epididymitis. Design.—Epididymal samples obtained from 17 patients and epididymal and ductus deferens samples from 5 patients surgically treated for nontuberculous epididymitis were analyzed by nested polymerase chain reaction for the presence of HPV DNA. In positive samples, the HPV type was determined by DNA sequencing. Setting.—Tertiary-care academic hospital and national reference laboratory for papillomaviruses. Results.—Low-risk HPV type 6 and high-risk HPV types 16, 33, 35, 55, and 73 were detected in 7 patients (31%). Neither koilocytes nor dysplastic changes were found in the epididymis and ductus deferens. Conclusion.—Low-risk and high-risk HPV types were detected in the epididymis and ductus deferens of patients with nontuberculous epididymitis. The infection was not accompanied by koilocytic atypia or dysplasia. Our findings support the hypothesis that the male urogenital tract serves as a reservoir of HPV infection.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Genotyping of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) in Female with High-Risk Behaviour in Dhaka, Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahmina Sultana ◽  
Mohsina Huq ◽  
Anadil Alam ◽  
Dipak Kumar Mitra ◽  
Donald James Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
General Population ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Hpv Types ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
High Risk Hpv

In developing countries, cervical cancer is the most common cause of cancer related to mortality in women. But the epidemiology of human papillomavirus (HPV) in different areas of Bangladesh is largely unknown both in risk groups and in the general population. The objective of the present study was to determine the risk factors associated with having HPV and the prevalence of high-risk HPV types among women with highrisk behaviour and to assess its potential impact on preventive strategies as the sex workers are at increased risk for sexually transmitted infections (STI), HPV and hence cervical cancer. Cervical swab from 293 sex workers in Dhaka City between August and September 2003 and between February 2005 and May 2006 were screened for HPV DNA using an HPV short fragment (E6) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based assay. HPV positive samples were genotyped with nested multiplex polymerase chain reaction (NMPCR) for the highrisk types. The overall HPV prevalence in sex workers was 75.8%, whereas for the high risk type it was 49.8%. Prevalence of single genotype and multiple types of HPV was 33.1 and 16.7% respectively. The most prevalent high-risk HPV types, in order of prevalence rate, were HPV16, HPV18, HPV58, HPV45, HPV31 and HPV33. Both HPV 16 and HPV 18 were present in 21% of the cases. Targeting HPV 16 and 18 with prophylactic vaccines could possibly have an important impact on the incidence of invasive cervical carcinoma in this group of women. Primary prevention and cervical cancer screening programmes should be optimized more and run yearly among the general population. It is proposed to screen sex workers when they enter prostitution regardless of their age. Keywords: Human papillomavirus (HPV); High-risk HPV types; Cervical cancer; Sex workersDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v25i1.4861 Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 25, Number 1, June 2008, pp 65-68

The discrimination of high-risk HPV types by in situ hybridization and the polymerase chain reaction

1993 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. S. Herrington ◽  
S. M. Anderson ◽  
A. K. Graham ◽  
J. O'D. McGee
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Hpv Types ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
High Risk Hpv

Detection of human papillomavirus types by the polymerase chain reaction and the differentiation between high-risk and low-risk cervical lesions

1992 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion T. E. Cornelissen ◽  
Tom Bots ◽  
Maarten A. Briët ◽  
Maarten F. Jebbink ◽  
Arie P. H. B. Struyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Cervical Lesions ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Evaluation of a New Multiplex Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay for the Detection of Human Papillomavirus Infections in a Referral Population

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 1050-1056 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Jentschke ◽  
Philipp Soergel ◽  
Victoria Lange ◽  
Boštjan Kocjan ◽  
Thilo Doerk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay ◽  
Clinical Performance ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Hpv Genotypes ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
High Risk Hpv

ObjectivesHuman papillomavirus (HPV) testing is an important part of cervical cancer screening and management of women with atypical screening results. This study was conducted to evaluate the analytical and clinical performance of the Abbott RealTime High-Risk HPV assay (RealTime) in a referral population, in comparison to the Qiagen Hybrid Capture 2 High-Risk HPV DNA Test (hc2).MethodsRealTime is a new polymerase chain reaction assay that detects 14 high-risk HPV genotypes with simultaneous differentiation between HPV 16 and HPV 18. Five hundred forty-five routine cervical smear samples (ThinPrep) from women who were referred to 2 German colposcopy clinics were included in the study. All samples were tested with both assays for the detection of high-risk HPV DNA. Specimens with repeatedly discordant results were genotyped by Linear Array (Roche) and in-house polymerase chain reaction assays.ResultsBoth assays showed excellent overall agreement (92.8%; κ = 0.86) on 545 samples. Analytical sensitivity of RealTime was comparable to that of hc2 (97.6% vs 95.1%,P= 0.189), whereas RealTime demonstrated significantly higher analytical specificity compared with hc2 (100% vs 93.1%,P< 0.0001). RealTime showed no cross-reactivity with untargeted HPV genotypes in this study. The clinical performance of the assays was evaluated based on histology results available from 319 women (90 nonpathological, 73 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia [CIN] 1, 75 CIN 2, 74 CIN 3, and 7 invasive cancers). High-risk HPV detection rates observed in women with CIN 1, CIN 2+, and CIN 3+ diagnosis, respectively, were comparable for both assays: 47.9%, 92.3%, and 97.5% (RealTime) and 47.9%, 92.3%, and 93.8% (hc2). Detection of HPV 16/18 with RealTime was highly correlated with severity of dysplasia: less than CIN 2, 30.5%; CIN 2+, 59.0%; CIN 3+, 71.6%.ConclusionsThese results support the use of RealTime for routine detection of HPV infections in a referral population.

Lack of Association of High-Risk Human Papillomavirus in Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia in India

2009 ◽  
Vol 133 (8) ◽  
pp. 1246-1250
Author(s):  
Guru Prasad Manderwad ◽  
Chitra Kannabiran ◽  
Santosh G. Honavar ◽  
Geeta K. Vemuganti
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Hela Cell Lines ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Cervical Tumors ◽  
High Risk Hpv ◽  
Positive Controls

Abstract Context.—Ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) represents a spectrum of ocular surface tumors ranging from intraepithelial to invasive. The genesis of OSSN is multifactorial, possibly including human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, the role of which is controversial. Objective.—To evaluate the role of high-risk HPV16 and HPV18 in OSSN. Design.—Retrospective and prospective noncomparative case series. In this study, histologically proven cases of OSSN were evaluated in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections (n = 50) and fresh tissues (n = 7) for the presence of HPV by polymerase chain reaction using MY09/MY11 consensus primers, HPV16 and HPV18 type-specific primers, and in situ hybridization–catalyzed reporter deposition (ISH-CARD). Cervical tumors (n = 19) along with SiHa and HeLa cell lines served as positive controls for HPV analysis. Results.—The study included 48 patients with OSSN who accounted for 57 specimens, with a median patient age of 28.5 years (range, 1.5–70 years). These specimens included 36 squamous cell carcinomas and 21 conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasias. All of the cases were found to be negative for high-risk HPV using polymerase chain reaction and ISH-CARD assay, whereas the SiHa and HeLa cell lines were appropriately positive. Of the cervical tumors that served as positive controls, 18 were positive for HPV16, and 1 was positive for HPV18. Conclusions.—Sensitive, type-specific polymerase chain reaction for detection of HPV16 and HPV18, polymerase chain reaction assay for consensus HPV sequences, and ISH-CARD did not show the presence of high-risk HPV in OSSN. Thus, HPV appears to play no significant role in the etiology of OSSN in India.

Expression of C/EBPα and PU.1 Gene In MDS and Their Significance Analysis

Blood ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 116 (21) ◽  
pp. 4649-4649
Author(s):  
Wencan Ji ◽  
Kaiyang Ding ◽  
Zimin Sun
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Research Funding ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Normal Controls

Abstract Abstract 4649 Objective This study was aimed to investigate the expression levels and significance of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha gene and transcription factor PU.1 gene in myelodysplasyic syndromes (MDS). Methods A real time quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR) method was used to detect the expression levels of C/EBPα mRNA in bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNCs) of 33 patients with MDS and 14 normal controls, Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was established for detecting PU.1 mRNA expression levels in BMMNCs of above-mentioned samples. Results The expression of C/EBPα was significantly lower in low-risk and high-risk MDS than those of normal controls (P<0.01, P<0.001, respectively), moreover, high-risk MDS showed lower C/EBPα expression than those of low-risk MDS (P<0.05). The expression level of PU.1 significantly decreased in low-risk MDS, as compared with normal controls and high-risk MDS (P<0.001), but there was no significant difference in expression level of PU.1 between high-risk MDS and normal controls (P>0.05). Conclusion reduced C/EBPα and PU.1 expression level have closely associated with the pathogenesis of MDS, they may be important molecular biological markers of MDS; The degree of down-regulated C/EBPα has closely related to the progression of MDS, the detection of C/EBPα gene expression level may be useful for assessing disease progress and prognostic of patients with MDS. Disclosures: Ding: Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation (070413257X): Research Funding; Fund of Anhui Provincial “115” Industrial Innovation Program: Research Funding.

Screening Test Results Associated With Cancer Diagnoses in 287 Women With Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma

2012 ◽  
Vol 136 (12) ◽  
pp. 1533-1540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaibo Li ◽  
R. Marshall Austin ◽  
Ming Guo ◽  
Chengquan Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Pap Test ◽  
Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Abnormal Cytology ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Liquid Based Cytology ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
High Risk Hpv

Context.—The limitations of newer cervical screening tests are still being studied. Objective.—To investigate those limitations, we conducted a retrospective review of 287 cases of cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Design.—A search through 5 years of records identified 287 women with cervical SCC diagnoses. Clinical history, histopathology, and liquid-based cytology (ThinPrep) and Hybrid Capture 2 (HC2) high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) results were documented. Polymerase chain reaction HPV tests were performed on SCC tissues with prior negative HC2 results. Results.—Of 287 women, 156 (54.4%) had abnormal cytology results, and 75 (26.1%) had abnormal clinical findings triggering tissue diagnoses of SCC. Among 156 patients with abnormal Papanicolaou (Pap) test results, more-seriously abnormal Pap test results were reported in 142 women (91.1%). Among 31 women with Pap and HC2 HPV cotesting within 1 year of SCC diagnoses, 28 (90%) were Pap+/HPV+, 2 (15.5%) were Pap+/HPV−, and 1 (3%) was Pap−/HPV−. Two of 3 women with negative HC2 results before SCC diagnosis had abnormal Pap results; 1 had negative Pap reports with questionable lesional cells mimicking atrophy. In all 3 cases of SCC with negative HC2 results, HPV-18 was detected; in 2 cases (66%), HPV-16 was also detected. Conclusions.—Although abnormal cytology preceded most SCC diagnoses, about one-third of patients were referred for diagnostic testing because of clinical suspicion alone. Among 31 SCC cases with liquid-based cytology and high-risk HPV cotest results less than 1 year before SCC diagnoses, 2 patients (6.5%) had Pap+/HPV− results, and 1 patient (3.2%) had Pap−/HPV− results. Polymerase chain reaction detected high-risk HPV DNA in tumor tissues of 3 SCC cases with recent HC2− results.

scholarly journals Multiple Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) Infections Are Associated with HSIL and Persistent HPV Infection Status in Korean Patients

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1342
Author(s):  
Moonsik Kim ◽  
Nora Jee-Young Park ◽  
Ji Yun Jeong ◽  
Ji Young Park
Keyword(s):  
Human Papilloma Virus ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Vaginal Swab ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Clinicopathologic Characteristics ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Hpv Types ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
High Risk Hpv

Infections with multiple human papilloma virus (HPV) types have been reported, but their role in cervical carcinogenesis has not been fully elucidated. In this study, 236 cases with multiple HPV infection were examined and compared to 180 cases with single HPV infection. HPV genotyping was performed with cervico-vaginal swab specimens using multiplex (real-time) polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In multiple HPV infection, the most prevalent HPV genotype was HPV 53, followed by HPV 16, 58, 52, and 68. HPV 33, 35, 39, 51, 52, 53, 58, and 68 were high-risk-HPV (HR-HPV) genotypes that were more frequently detected in multiple HPV infection compared to that in single HPV infection. The association between multiple HPV infection and high-grade SIL (HSIL) was significantly stronger compared to that of single HPV infection and HSIL (p = 0.002). Patients with multiple HPV infection displayed persistent and longer duration of the HPV infection compared to patients with single HPV infection. Multiple HPV infections have distinct clinicopathologic characteristics. Since it is associated with persistent HPV infection, HSIL, and different HR-HPV strains in contrast to single HPV infection, the presence of multiple HPV infection should be reported; close follow up is warranted.

The Utility of p16Ink4a in Discriminating Between Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia 1 and Nonneoplastic Equivocal Lesions of the Cervix

2008 ◽  
Vol 132 (5) ◽  
pp. 795-799
Author(s):  
Rachel Redman ◽  
Irina Rufforny ◽  
Chen Liu ◽  
Edward J. Wilkinson ◽  
Nicole A. Massoll
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Cervical Lesions ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Cervical Biopsy ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
High Risk Hpv

Abstract Context.—The protein p16Ink4a is overexpressed in cervical lesions associated with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) subtypes 16 and 18, but not in low-risk HPV subtypes 6 and 11 or non–HPV-associated cervical lesions. Objective.—To determine whether p16Ink4a expression in equivocal cervical lesions helps distinguish atypical non-HPV changes from HPV-related changes. Design.—One hundred ninety-one cervical lesions, including 81 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 1, 52 squamous metaplasia, 33 cellular features suggestive of HPV-related change, 9 reserve cell hyperplasia, 4 microglandular hyperplasia, and 12 inflammatory cervicitis, were randomly selected from archival cervical biopsy specimens. All 191 samples were studied with p16Ink4a (JC8 monoclonal antibody). Reactivity for p16Ink4a was scored on a 3-tier system as follows: negative, 0% to 5% cells reactive; focal/scattered positive, greater than 5% and less than or equal to 80% cells reactive; diffuse positive, greater than 80% cells reactive. Reactivity was based on normal/reactive cervical specimens where anti-p16 antibody was negative/weakly expressed in non–cervical epithelial cells. Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 1 lesions not reactive for p16Ink4a were investigated for the presence of high-risk HPV by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results.—No p16Ink4a reactivity was detected in the cervical lesions associated with atypical non-HPV change. Eleven of the cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 1 lesions showed focal/scattered reactivity expression for p16Ink4a, and 19 of the CIN 1 lesions had diffuse reactivity. Fifty of 51 of the CIN 1 lesions negative for p16Ink4a were real-time polymerase chain reaction negative for the presence of high-risk HPV; 1 was real-time polymerase chain reaction positive for high-risk HPV. Conclusions.—The data support the routine use of p16Ink4a immunohistochemical evaluation of cervical biopsy specimens for better discrimination of non–HPV-associated lesions from HPV-related lesions.

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