Origin of Chordoid Glioma of the Third Ventricle

2006 ◽  
Vol 130 (4) ◽  
pp. 460-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman E. Leeds ◽  
Frederick F. Lang ◽  
Teresa Ribalta ◽  
Raymond Sawaya ◽  
Gregory N. Fuller
Keyword(s):  
Case Reports ◽  
Third Ventricle ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Gross Anatomy ◽  
Individual Case ◽  
Gliomatosis Cerebri ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Third ◽  
Chordoid Glioma ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Context.—Chordoid glioma is a relatively recently described unique glial neoplasm that has been formally codified by the World Health Organization in Pathology and Genetics of Tumours of the Nervous System, in which it is included along with astroblastoma and gliomatosis cerebri under the rubric “Tumors of Uncertain Origin.” Many examples of chordoid glioma come to clinical attention only at a relatively large size and occupy a large portion of the third ventricle. Accordingly, the anatomic origin of chordoid glioma has been unclear and debated. Objective.—To examine the regional anatomic origin of chordoid glioma. Data Sources.—The clinical, imaging, histologic, immunophenotypic, and ultrastructural data in previously published case series and individual case reports of chordoid glioma were reviewed in conjunction with the study of a new case of chordoid glioma that presented at a relatively small size, thereby facilitating neuroanatomic localization. Conclusions.—Chordoid glioma exhibits features of specialized ependymal differentiation on ultrastructural examination, and all examples reported in the literature to date have displayed a highly stereotypical suprasellar anatomic localization and an ovoid shape, as seen on neuroimaging studies and gross anatomy. Neuroanatomic, radiologic, and clinical evidence supports an anatomic origin for chordoid glioma from the vicinity of the lamina terminalis.

scholarly journals Pilomyxoid Astrocytoma Occurring in the Third Ventricle

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Sanghyeon Kim ◽  
Myongjin Kang ◽  
Sunseob Choi ◽  
Dae Cheol Kim
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Third Ventricle ◽  
World Health ◽  
Central Nervous System Tumor ◽  
Pilomyxoid Astrocytoma ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Health Organization

Pilomyxoid astrocytoma (PMA) is a rare central nervous system tumor that has been included in the 2007 World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System. Due to its more aggressive behavior, PMA is classified as Grade II neoplasm by the World Health Organization. PMA predominantly affects the hypothalamic/chiasmatic region and occurs in children (mean age of occurrence = 10 months). We report a case of a 24-year-old man who presented with headache, nausea, and vomiting. Brain CT and MRI revealed a mass occupying only the third ventricle. We performed partial resection. Histological findings, including monophasic growth with a myxoid background, and absence of Rosenthal fibers or eosinophilic granular bodies, as well as the strong positivity for glial fibrillary acidic protein were consistent with PMA.

scholarly journals Rosette-forming Glioneuronal Tumors in the Posterior Third Ventricle

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 885-888 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Alnaami ◽  
Keith Aronyk ◽  
Jian-Qiang Lu ◽  
Edward S. Johnson ◽  
Cian O'Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Third Ventricle ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Neurofibromatosis Type ◽  
Pineal Region ◽  
World Health ◽  
Glioneuronal Tumor ◽  
First Case ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Glioneuronal Tumors

Rosette-forming glioneuronal tumor (RGNT) is a rare brain tumor found almost exclusively within the fourth ventricle. These grade I tumors were first included in the World Health Organization (WHO) Classification for the central nervous system in 20071. Since then, approximately 49 cases have been published.There are no reported cases of RGNT within the third ventricle, although this tumor has also been described in the pineal region, the tectum and within the aqueduct. Supratentorial localization is quite rare, with only three published: one was found in the septum pellucidum, another within the optic nerve in neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) patient and one in a patient with multiple RGNT in the lateral ventricle. The authors report the first case series in the literature of RGNT occurring within the posterior third ventricle.

Is SARS-CoV-2 transmitted by asymptomatic and pre-symptomatic infected individuals?

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail F. Melicor ◽  
Katrina Loren R. Rey ◽  
Leonila F. Dans
Keyword(s):  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
World Health ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Wide Confidence Interval ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Viral Shedding ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
Health Organization

KEY FINDINGSAsymptomatic and pre-symptomatic transmission of SARS-CoV-2 may occur.• Manifestations of COVID-19 are highly varied and may include asymptomatic cases, who do not manifest with anysigns and symptoms despite testing positive for COVID-19 by viral nucleic acid tests. Pre-symptomatic cases areinfected individuals who are still in their incubation period, hence do not exhibit any symptoms yet but eventuallydevelop symptoms.• As of June 2020, only 586 (2.8%) of the 20,990 active cases in the Philippines were classified as asymptomatic,but it is unclear whether cases are pre-symptomatic or carriers (true asymptomatic).• Based on 36 observational studies (case reports, case series, cross-sectional and cohort studies) and 9 statisticalmodeling analysis, asymptomatic and pre-symptomatic transmission of SARS-CoV-2 may occur. However, 3studies reported no transmission from pre-symptomatic and asymptomatic cases.• Studies on viral load comparing symptomatic cases with pre-symptomatic and asymptomatic cases reportedcontradicting results. The duration of viral shedding was significantly longer for symptomatic patients comparedto asymptomatic patients but similar for asymptomatic and pre-symptomatic patients.• Therewas no difference in the transmission rates of symptomatic and asymptomatic cases. However,the estimatedinfectivity and probability of transmission was higherfor symptomatic cases compared to asymptomatic cases, butresults were imprecise due to a wide confidence interval.• The World Health Organization (WHO) and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recognize thepossibility of pre-symptomatic and asymptomatic transmission. According to WHO, current evidence suggestsasymptomatic cases are less likely to transmit the virus than symptomatic cases.

scholarly journals Ganglioglioma Arising from the Septum Pellucidum

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bishal Shrestha ◽  
Pritam Gurung ◽  
Sudan Dhakal ◽  
Pravesh Rajbhandari ◽  
Ranga Bahadur Basnet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Obstructive Hydrocephalus ◽  
Third Ventricle ◽  
Histological Finding ◽  
Septum Pellucidum ◽  
The Body ◽  
World Health ◽  
Hormone Profile ◽  
Health Organization

AbstractA 24-year-old gentleman presented to us with complaints of occasional headache for 2 years. Magnetic resonance imaging showed enhancing supra sellar mass with nonenhancing cystic components, extending superiorly up to the body of bilateral lateral ventricle, laterally displacing septum pellucidum, and compressing the third ventricle with obstructive hydrocephalus. Hormone profile depicted adrenocorticotropic hormone <5.00 pg/mL, growth hormone 1.32 ng/mL, insulin-like growth factor-1 <3.0 ng/mL. The patient underwent surgical resection. Histological finding was suggestive of ganglioglioma World Health Organization grade I. Customized immunohistochemistry panel was advised and revealed positive CD 56, NSE, and GFAP immunohistochemical stains. Gangliogliomas are less frequent neoplastic lesions confined to only a handful of case reports and studies. Accounting less than 2% of intracranial neoplasms, these lesions primarily affect those in the first 3 decades of their life. As ubiquitous it is in nature, we hereby present a case of ganglioglioma in a young adult male arising from septum pellucidum.

scholarly journals COVID-19 in the light of current clinical eye research

2021 ◽  
pp. 112067212199891
Author(s):  
Mashael Al-Namaeh
Keyword(s):  
Observational Studies ◽  
Geriatric Patients ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
World Health ◽  
Wuhan City ◽  
Pubmed Search ◽  
Chinese Province ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

COVID-19 is a disease caused by a SARS-CoV-2 virus infection first reported in Wuhan city, Chinese province of Hubei, in December 2019. Previously known as 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) respiratory disease, COVID-19 was declared official name by the World Health Organization (WHO) as COVID-19 in February 2020. By July 2nd, 2020 10,818,005 confirmed cases with 519,467 COVID-19 deaths worldwide. The aim of this review article is to inform the audience of what is available in the current literature on how COVID-19 affects the eyes in adults, children, and elderly. PubMed search was used between December 2019 and July 2nd, 2020. Randomized trials, observational studies, case series or case reports, and letters of research, letters to editors were selected for confirmed cases of COVID-19. According to current scientific literature since the outbreak in December 2019 there have been 218 papers written. Conjunctivitis and keratoconjunctvitis have been reported in adults with COVID-19. Further studies are needed in children and geriatric patients.

scholarly journals Coronavirus Disease and Abdominal Pain: Mechanism, Diagnostic, and Treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (F) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Bozhinovska
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
World Health ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Gi Symptoms ◽  
The World ◽  
Methods Of Synthesis ◽  
Health Organization

BACKGROUND: On March 11, 2020, the General Director of the World Health Organization has announced that according to the organization, the level of spread and severity of symptoms of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is becoming alarming and because of that, it can be characterized as a pandemic. The assessment of the World Health Organization stimulated more urgent and belligerent actions from the governments as the number of case reports and studies on COVID-19 symptoms and treatment increased dramatically. AIM: In this paper, the aim is to make a review of the studies and case reports/series that indicate that abdominal pain is one of the manifestations of COVID-19. METHODS: A search was performed on two electronic databases: PubMed Central and Google Scholar, using the key words “COVID-19 and abdominal pain.” Case reports and case series in adults and children were included regardless of the language, region, or the publication date. The methods of synthesis and comparison were also used. RESULTS: In general, it can be noted that the manifestation of the COVID-19 infection on the digestive tract and the consequences on the same are not fully examined. CONCLUSION: The conclusion of the analyzed papers is that clinical practitioners in COVID-19 pandemic should carefully distinguish abdominal pain and other GI symptoms from COVID-19 manifestations and should exclude acute surgical condition.

High-dose or multi-day praziquantel for imported schistosomiasis? A systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Cucchetto ◽  
Dora Buonfrate ◽  
Valentina Marchese ◽  
Paola Rodari ◽  
Anna Ferrari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Endemic Areas ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Background Schistosomiasis affects more than 260 million people worldwide, mostly in sub-Saharan Africa, where more than 280 000 deaths per year are estimated. In the past few years, the increasing flow of migrants from endemic areas and the upward number of international travels have caused the emergence of the disease also in non-endemic areas. A single course of praziquantel (PZQ) 40 mg/kg is the first-line treatment recommended by the World Health Organization, mainly based on clinical trials conducted in endemic countries. No trials have been performed in non-endemic areas. Methods We carried out a systematic review of case reports and case series published between 1956 and August 2017 on cases of chronic schistosomiasis (infection acquired >3 months before) diagnosed in non-endemic areas and treated with PZQ. Primary outcome was to assess the number of different therapeutic regimens deployed and their frequency of use, calculated as the number of reports for each regimen over the total number of included cases. Results The final database included 99 case reports and 51 case series, for a total of 1433 patients. In 57 of the 150 records (38%) the administered treatment was different from the one recommended by the World Health Organization. The proportion of ‘alternative’ regimens included increased doses of PZQ (up to 80 mg/kg) and/or prolonged duration of treatment and/or doses repeated some days/weeks apart. About 50% of the records regarding Western short-term travellers reported a non-standard treatment. Conclusion This is the first complete catalogue of the published experience with PZQ outside of endemic areas in the situation where reinfection is not an issue. We found a wide heterogeneity of the therapeutic regimens reported. Multicenter clinical trials conducted in non-endemic areas and guidelines specifically addressing the treatment of imported cases of chronic schistosomiasis are needed.

scholarly journals Extra-Pulmonary Manifestations of Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Multi System Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
Vijayasree Biruduraju ◽  
◽  
Ankita R. Chawla ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Pulmonary Complications ◽  
World Health ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Pulmonary Manifestations ◽  
The World ◽  
Extra Pulmonary ◽  
Health Organization

Introduction The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory distress syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV- 2), has been recently declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization. Apart from acute respiratory manifestations, SARS-CoV-2 may also adversely affect other organ systems. To date, however, there is a very limited understanding of the manifestations and management of COVID-19 related conditions outside of the pulmonary system. This study provides an overview of the current literature about the extra pulmonary manifestations of COVID-19 that may affect the renal, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, hematological, hematopoietic, neurological, or reproductive systems. This study also describes the current understanding of the extra pulmonary manifestations caused by COVID-19 to improve the management and prognosis of patients with COVID-19. Materials and Methods A total number of 200 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 disease were retrospectively evaluated for extra-pulmonary manifestations findings or complications. These patients had undergone various imaging studies, blood examinations during the course of hospital stay. The data reviewed using the institutional PACS, database system over a period of four months (August to November 2020). Results Among the 200 patients (males and females), 175 of them had extra-pulmonary complications. Various extra-pulmonary findings such as acute kidney injury, renal failure, cytokinase strome, acute myocardial injury, congestive cardiac failure, pulmonary thromboembolism, gastrointestinal, neurological complications were observed. Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria All retrospective clinical studies, case series, and case reports with data on extra-pulmonary manifestations in COVID-19 that were published from the end of December 2019 till the end of February 2021 were included. Studies that did not mention extrapulmonary manifestations were excluded. Literature Search The review was based on publications available on PubMed and data collected by the World Health Organization (WHO). Search terms used were ‘novel coronavirus 2019 (2019-nCoV)’, ‘SARS- CoV-2’, or ‘COVID-19’ combined with ‘asymptomatic’, ‘gastrointestinal’, ‘cardiac’, ‘neurological’, ‘hepatic’, ‘hematological’, ‘renal’, ‘psychiatric’, ‘hematological’, and ‘atypical’.

scholarly journals Temporoparietal Gliosarcoma : A Case Report with Literature Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Faried Ahmad ◽  
Bethy S Hernowo ◽  
Achmad Adam ◽  
Muhammad Z Arifin
Keyword(s):  
Case Reports ◽  
Malignant Gliomas ◽  
Case Series ◽  
World Health ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Tumor Mass ◽  
Histopathology Finding ◽  
Aggressive Tumor ◽  
Health Organization

Gliosarcoma (GSM) is a primary tumor of the central nervous systemcomposed of both malignant glial and sarcomatous elements. GSM isclassified as grade IV according to World Health Organization (WHO)and regarded as aggressive tumor and often requires both surgeryand radiotherapy. The incidence of GSM is between 1.8%-2.8% ofall malignant gliomas and thus represents an exceptionally rareneoplasm. Consequently, our knowledge about this entity is limited tosmall retrospective case series and case reports. Here, we describe acase of a 46-year-old male with progressive right extremity weakness,accompanied with aphasia. Imaging studies showed a tumor mass inthe left temporoparietal region. Surgery was performed and gross totalremoval was achieved. Histopathology finding established a diagnosisof GSM. The extremity weakness was improved postoperatively withina week.

Herpetic Whitlow of the Hand in Infants

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad M. Al-Qattan ◽  
Nada G. AlQadri ◽  
Ghada AlHayaza
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Individual Case ◽  
Senior Author ◽  
Secondary Bacterial Infection ◽  
Clinical Appearance ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mode Of Transmission ◽  
Time Of Presentation

Abstract Introduction Herpetic whitlows in infants are rare. Previous authors only reported individual case reports. We present a case series of six infants. Materials and Methods This is a retrospective study of six cases of herpetic whitlows in infants seen by the senior author (MMA) over the past 23 years (1995–2017 inclusive). The following data were collected: age, sex, digit involved in the hand, mode of transmission, time of presentation to the author, clinical appearance, presence of secondary bacterial infection, presence of other lesions outside the hand, method of diagnosis, treatment, and outcome. Results All six infants initially presented with classic multiple vesicles of the digital pulp. In all cases, there was a history of active herpes labialis in the mother. Incision and drainage or deroofing of the vesicles (for diagnostic purposes) resulted in secondary bacterial infection. Conclusion The current report is the first series in the literature on herpetic whitlows in infants. We stress on the mode of transmission (from the mother) and establishing the diagnosis clinically. In these cases, no need for obtaining viral cultures or polymerase chain reaction; and no medications are required. Once the vesicles are disrupted, secondary bacterial infection is frequent and a combination of oral acyclovir and intravenous antibiotics will be required.

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