scholarly journals Methemoglobinemia Associated with Metoclopramide Therapy in a Neonate

2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-54
Author(s):  
Kristine G. Palmer ◽  
Laura P. James
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Young Infants ◽  
Age Appropriate ◽  
The U.S

With the removal of cisapride from the U.S. market, practitioners have increasingly used other medications, such as metoclopramide, to treat gastroesophageal reflux in pediatric patients. We describe the case of a neonate who developed methemoglobinemia after receiving metoclopramide at doses slightly above the recommended age-appropriate dosage. Health care providers should be aware of this potentially serious side effect in young infants who receive this medication.

The Industrial Organization of Health-Care Markets

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Gaynor ◽  
Kate Ho ◽  
Robert J. Town
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Industrial Organization ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Affordable Care Act ◽  
Health Care Spending ◽  
Health Care Markets ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Patient Protection ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The U.S

The U.S. health-care sector is large and growing—health-care spending in 2011 amounted to $2.7 trillion and 18 percent of GDP. Approximately half of health-care output is allocated via markets. In this paper, we analyze the industrial organization literature on health-care markets, focusing on the impact of competition on price, quality, and treatment decisions for health-care providers and health insurers. We conclude with a discussion of research opportunities for industrial organization economists, including opportunities created by the U.S. Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. (JEL J15, J24, J71, J81, K31)

Trends in Natural Food Sales and Consumer Food Choices

2002 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond Marquardt ◽  
Tim Burkink
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
New Products ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Genetically Modified Foods ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Food Shopping ◽  
Natural Foods ◽  
The U.S

The expansion of thinking from treating disease to increased concern with disease prevention and health maintenance is reflected in the growing market for natural foods and dietary supplements. These new products make the already complex task of food shopping even more confusing. Inexperienced consumers will require help to evaluate these new choices, creating challenges for health care providers and the food industry. This article helps readers make sense of these new products by providing a general overview of the natural foods category. Discussed are the complexities consumers face when shopping for food and related products, definitions relevant to natural foods, trends in natural foods consumption, and future trends in this area, including the impact of genetically modified foods. The natural foods industry has been one of the shining stars of food manufacturing and retailing over the past decade as an ever-growing segment of the U.S. population seeks out organic and natural foods and nutraceuticals. The consumer motivations fueling this industry are varied and range from securing the practical benefits of a healthy diet to the psychological benefits of leading a particular lifestyle. To support the diffusion throughout the U.S. population of this more holistic approach to health, the industry and health care professionals must help consumers make sense of the confusing array of product offerings. The newest consumers entering these markets will be less involved and committed than the pioneering consumers were, and they will have different motivations. These late adopters will look to the industry, regulators, and their health care providers to make sense of these often complex and contradictory product offerings. Consider, for example, a consumer trying to understand the differences between a natural food and a genetically modified nutraceutical, both promoting health benefits. As discussed earlier, the food shopping process is already very noisy, and the winners in natural foods will be the ones that help consumers solve their food purchasing problems. This problem will be complicated as mass retailers offer more organic and natural foods and nutraceuticals, along with their conventional products, confronting a broader cross-section of consumers further. Perhaps the greatest challenge facing the stakeholders in this arena is the evolution of genetically modified foods. By definition, these foods are certainly not organic and probably not natural, yet may offer health benefits. To date, the introduction of genetically modified foods has been difficult because consumers have not been properly educated about these new technologies. The industry must pay more attention to conducting reliable studies of these products and then communicating the results.

scholarly journals Predicting Growth of COVID-19 Confirmed Cases in Each U.S. County with a Population of 50,000 or More Revised May 31, 2020

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leon S. Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Cell Phones ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Local Spread ◽  
First Case ◽  
Local Areas ◽  
The U.S

ABSTRACTA simple model of local spread of COVID-19 is needed to assist local governments and health care providers to prepare for surges of clinical cases in their communities. National and state based models are inadequate because the virus is introduced and spreads at different rates in local areas. Models based on motor vehicle traffic measured by tracking cell phones movement in relation to daily numbers of confirmed cases are being developed but this study finds that indicator less effective in predicting future cases than time since the shutdown or the first case in a county in states that didn’t shut down. Each county has its own function of time since the shutdown or first case if there were no state shutdown that can be used to predict increases in reported cases two weeks in advance for each of 959 counties in the U.S. with populations of 50,000 or more inhabitants.

scholarly journals Canadian Association of Paediatric Nephrologists COVID-19 Rapid Response: Home and In-Center Dialysis Guidance

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 205435812110534
Author(s):  
Abdullah Alabbas ◽  
Elizabeth Harvey ◽  
Amrit Kirpalani ◽  
Chia Wei Teoh ◽  
Cherry Mammen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Practice Management ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Dialysis Unit ◽  
Home Dialysis ◽  
Canadian Association ◽  
Kidney Health

Purpose of the program: This article provides guidance on optimizing the management of pediatric patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) who will be or are being treated with any form of home or in-center dialysis during the COVID-19 pandemic. The goals are to provide the best possible care for pediatric patients with ESKD during the pandemic and ensure the health care team’s safety. Sources of information: The core of these rapid guidelines is derived from the Canadian Society of Nephrology (CSN) consensus recommendations for adult patients recently published in the Canadian Journal of Kidney Health and Disease ( CJKHD). We also consulted specific documents from other national and international agencies focused on pediatric kidney health. Additional information was obtained by formal review of the published academic literature relevant to pediatric home or in-center hemodialysis. Methods: The Leadership of the Canadian Association of Paediatric Nephrologists (CAPN), which is affiliated with the CSN, solicited a team of clinicians and researchers with expertise in pediatric home and in-center dialysis. The goal was to adapt the guidelines recently adopted for Canadian adult dialysis patients for pediatric-specific settings. These included specific COVID-19-related themes that apply to dialysis in a Canadian environment, as determined by a group of senior renal leaders. Expert clinicians and nurses with deep expertise in pediatric home and in-center dialysis reviewed the revised pediatric guidelines. Key findings: We identified 7 broad areas of home dialysis practice management that may be affected by the COVID-19 pandemic: (1) peritoneal dialysis catheter placement, (2) home dialysis training, (3) home dialysis management, (4) personal protective equipment, (5) product delivery, (6) minimizing direct health care providers and patient contact, and (7) caregivers support in the community. In addition, we identified 8 broad areas of in-center dialysis practice management that may be affected by the COVID-19 pandemic: (1) identification of patients with COVID-19, (2) hemodialysis of patients with confirmed COVID-19, (3) hemodialysis of patients not yet known to have COVID-19, (4) management of visitors to the dialysis unit, (5) handling COVID-19 testing of patients and staff, (6) safe practices during resuscitation procedures in a pandemic, (7) routine hemodialysis care, and (8) hemodialysis care under fixed dialysis resources. We make specific suggestions and recommendations for each of these areas. Limitations: At the time when we started this work, we knew that evidence on the topic of pediatric dialysis and COVID-19 would be severely limited, and our resources were also limited. We did not, therefore, do formal systematic review or meta-analysis. We did not evaluate our specific suggestions in the clinical environment. Thus, this article’s advice and recommendations are primarily expert opinions and subject to the biases associated with this level of evidence. To expedite the publication of this work, we created a parallel review process that may not be as robust as standard arms’ length peer-review processes. Implications: We intend these recommendations to help provide the best care possible for pediatric patients prescribed in-center or home dialysis during the COVID-19 pandemic, a time of altered priorities and reduced resources.

The U.S. Health Insurance Industry: An Alternative View

1978 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 491-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert Woodward
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Insurance Industry ◽  
Alternative View ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
The Great Depression ◽  
Price Leader ◽  
Health Insurance Industry ◽  
The U.S

The health insurance industry in the U.S. can be characterized as a concentrated industry. It has evolved into its current structure as a result of certain historical conditions, particularly those following the Great Depression. The structure of the industry has had an effect on the manner in which the industry functions and the cost increases in the health care sector. Specifically, the pricing mechanism is that of a price leader setting a limit price; health premium prices are higher than would be expected under a competitive structure. Regulation has been ineffective, because it has been dominated historically by health care providers and insurers. The costs of health care in general, and hospital care in particular, have increased beyond what would be expected as a result of “cost-pass-through.”

Excellence in Development of Health Care Providers

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 192-197
Author(s):  
Norma Graciela Cuellar ◽  
Alyssia Miller ◽  
Jackson Knappen ◽  
Jacqueline Visina
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Service Learning ◽  
Clinical Experience ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Academic Program ◽  
Cultural Immersion ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Latino Culture ◽  
Latino Population ◽  
The U.S

Introduction: According to the U.S. Census Bureau, 17% of the U.S. population is Latino, with an expected increase to 31% by 2060. It is imperative that we prepare students who will be future health care providers with the resources needed to care for the Latino population, specifically increasing the number of Spanish-speaking health care providers who have some understanding of the Latino culture. There is a lack of health care providers who are educated about the Latino culture and lack mentorship in the development of medical conversational Spanish. Method: The Nicaragua Clinical Experience is a service learning abroad program embedded in an academic setting through the scholarship of cultural immersion, language development, health care, and leadership development of students. Conclusion: The Nicaragua Clinical Experience is a unique academic program that prepares pre–health care majors to provide culturally congruent health care for the Latino population. Clinical Implications: Students are prepared to care for Latino patients through the cultural immersion program and are also introduced to working in “team-based care” multidisciplinary groups to improve health care outcomes.

scholarly journals What Does the Epidemic of Childhood Obesity Mean for Children with Special Health Care Needs?

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula M. Minihan ◽  
Sarah N. Fitch ◽  
Aviva Must
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Work Group ◽  
Special Health Care Needs ◽  
Health Care Needs ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Special Health Care ◽  
Special Health ◽  
The U.S

Although the obesity epidemic appears to have affected all segments of the U.S. population, its impact on children with special health care needs (SHCN) has received little attention. Children with special health care needs is a term used in the U.S. to describe children who come to the attention of health care providers and policy makers because they need different services and supports than other children. Government, at both the federal and state levels, has long felt a particular responsibility for safeguarding the health of children with special needs. The definition children with special health care needs, in fact, was developed by a work group established by the U.S. Maternal and Child Health Bureau (MCHB) to assist states in their efforts to develop community systems of services for children with complex medical and behavioral conditions.

scholarly journals Simplified bronchiolitis severity score for health care providers

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 1259
Author(s):  
Rachel P. Rudhan ◽  
Niranjan Biswal
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Severity Score ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Kappa Index ◽  
Early Referral ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Young Infants ◽  
Chest X Ray

Background: Bronchiolitis is a viral lower respiratory infection of young infants. It requires monitoring by outpatient health care providers and rarely needs hospitalization. Scoring of severity in community helps in early referral. A simplified bronchiolitis scoring for rural health care providers with no facility for measurement of oxygen saturation (SpO2) and chest X-ray (CXR) is a long-felt need. This study proposes a simplified score.Methods: The proposed bronchiolitis severity score (PSS) has to be validated against the standard bronchiolitis severity score (SSS). The PSS was administered by a physician, nurse and researcher. The reliability was measured by the comportment of internal consistency and inter-observer agreement.Results: The physicians rating of severity by SSS and PSS was similar in 97% of cases. The internal consistency of 0.72 and the kappa index of 0.86 were obtained. The inter-rater agreements between physician, nurse, researcher was 0.94, 0.94 and 0.93 respectively.Conclusions: The PSS is reliable, valid and can be administered by nurses in peripheral health care settings.

Immunization Coverage and Its Relationship to Preventive Health Care Visits Among Inner-City Children in Baltimore

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Guyer ◽  
Nancy Hughart ◽  
Elizabeth Holt ◽  
Alan Ross ◽  
Bonita Stanton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Inner City ◽  
Immunization Coverage ◽  
Preventive Health Care ◽  
Preventive Health ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Rubella Vaccine ◽  
Young Infants ◽  
Age Appropriate ◽  
Preventive Health Care Visits

Objective. To provide empirical data on immunization coverage and the receipt of preventive health care to inform policy makers' efforts to improve childhood immunization. Design and methods. We surveyed a random sample drawn from a birth cohort of 557 2-year-old children living in the inner-city of Baltimore. Complete information on all their preventive health care visits and immunization status was obtained from medical record audits of their health care providers. Main outcome measures. Age-appropriate immunizations and preventive health care visits. Results. By 3 months of age, nearly 80% made an age-appropriate preventive health visit, but by 7 months of age, less than 40% had a preventive visit that was age-appropriate. In the second year of life, 75% made a preventive health visit between their 12- and 17-month birthdays. The corresponding age-appropriate immunization levels were 71% for DTP1, 39% for DTP3, and 53% for measles-mumps-rubella vaccine. Infants who received their DTP1 on-time were twice as likely to be up-to-date by 24 months of age. Conclusions. Our analyses focus attention on the performance of the primary health care system, especially during the first 6 months of life. Many young infants are underimmunized despite having age-appropriate preventive visits, health insurance coverage through Medicaid, and providers who receive free vaccine from public agencies. Measles vaccination coverage could be improved by initiating measles-mumps-rubella vaccine vaccination, routinely, at 12 months among high risk populations.

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