What Has History to Do with Philosophy? Insights from the Medieval Contemplative Tradition

2018 ◽  
pp. 155-170
Author(s):  
Christina Van Dyke
Keyword(s):  
Mystical Experience ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Meaningful Interaction ◽  
Oriented Approach

This chapter focuses on the corrective and complementary roles that a historically oriented approach can occupy in philosophical discussions. First, it argues that analysis of the development of key definitions, concepts, principles and so forth can often illuminate problematic prejudices that should motivate a re-examination of the philosophical considerations in their favour. Second, it claims that this re-examination should involve looking at the relevant historical context in which the idea developed. Third, it demonstrates (via the case study of medieval mysticism and modern conceptions of mystical experience) that turning to the relevant historical context can sometimes provide viable philosophical resources with which to complement existing discussions. The chapter concludes by suggesting that this approach can also help philosophers engage in meaningful interaction with scholars working on similar topics in other disciplines.

Managing Complexity in Manufacturing Changeovers: A Sustainable Manufacturing-Oriented Approach and the Application Case Study

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid Mustafa ◽  
Kai Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Systems ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Sustainable Manufacturing ◽  
Lead Times ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Manufacturing Complexity ◽  
Oriented Approach

Increasing manufacturing complexity continues to be one of the most significant challenges facing the manufacturing industry today. Due to these rapid changes in manufacturing systems, one of the most important factors affecting production is recognized as the frequent production setup or changeovers, consequently affecting the overall production lead times and competitiveness of the company. Developing responsive production setup and process capability is increasingly important as product ranges and varieties in manufacturing companies are growing rapidly and, at the same time, production business models are operating more towards being customer-oriented. Furthermore, although different conventional methods have been used to manage complexity in production changeovers, sustainability and competitiveness development in a manufacturing company needs to be scientifically addressed by managing manufacturing complexity. In this paper, a sustainable manufacturing-oriented approach is presented in mind of managing manufacturing changeover complexities. A case study is carried out specifically concerning changeover complexity in a pharmaceutical company, aiming at minimizing complexities in production changeover and waste, increasing plant flexibility and productivity, and ultimately the sustainable competitiveness of the company in managing manufacturing changes.

scholarly journals American Wedding Albums: a Case Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisa Catherina D’Agostino
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Material Culture ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Oral Histories ◽  
Main Section ◽  
Specific Focus ◽  
Popular Medium ◽  
Production Organization ◽  
Scholarly Attention

Wedding photography is an area of vernacular studies that receives surprisingly little scholarly attention. This thesis explores the material culture of wedding photography, with a specific focus on the analysis of the wedding album in terms of presentation and consumption by families from the 1950s to the 1980s. The main section of this thesis provides an examination of selected wedding album owners. This case study contains a collection of oral histories from seven individuals on their experiences with presenting and displaying their wedding photographs. The analysis provides qualitative research on the production, organization, and consumption of the wedding album as a popular medium for exhibiting wedding photographs. In addition, this thesis offers some social and historical context on the development of the wedding album and wedding photography.

scholarly journals PECREATIVITY | PEOPLE ECONOMY CITY: THE CASE OF LONDON AS A PROACTIVE INVESTIGATION TOOL

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-151
Author(s):  
Giuliana Bonifati
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Radical Change ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Urban Transformation ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Social Fields

The current historical context is characterised by a significant change in the economic and social fields that have led to the development of the economy of creativity and knowledge. This condition has laid the basis for the rise of a new social class. This radical change in the productive paradigm has started a series of modifications to urban spaces, setting in place a rooted change in the fabric of the city.The objective of this paper is to understand and interpret the nature of the changes under way and to investigate how what occurred in economic and social fields influenced the processes of urban regeneration. Starting from a theoretical background it will examine the concept of creativity applied to economics and social sciences. Secondly, by identifying the urban environment of London as a case study, it will analyze single cases that will show the root of these practices within urban spaces. The purpose of it will be verified by the possibility of building urban transformation strategies that use creativity as the tool of change.

scholarly journals Kreatywność za drutem kolczastym: archeologia i sztuka okopowa z pierwszowojennego obozu jenieckiego w Czersku (woj. pomorskie)

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 105-136
Author(s):  
Dawid Kobiałka
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Prisoner Of War ◽  
The Third ◽  
Anthropological Research ◽  
Special Category

This article discusses the results of archaeological and anthropological research concerning material remains of a prisoner of war camp in Czersk (Pomeranian province, Poland) (Kriegsgefangenenlager Czersk). In the first part, I sketch a broader historical context related to building and functioning of the camp in forests around Czersk between 1914–1919. After that, the role and meaning of  archaeological research on such type of archaeological sites are presented. In the third part, I focus on a very special category of the camp heritage which is called trench art. The last part of this paper is a case study where an assemblage of objects classified as trench art that was found at the camp is described and interpreted. This text aims at highlighting the value of such prisoners and camp’s heritage. Such material culture is a material memory of extraordinary prisoners’ creativity behind barbed wire. It makes one aware of how every piece of trash, rubbish was re-cycled during day-to-day life behind barbed wire.

scholarly journals إحياء مصطلحات قرآنية وصوفية: دراسة التراكيب الفكرية للشيخ عبد السلام ياسين

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 128-139
Author(s):  
Abdulrahman Obeid Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Mystical Experience ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Western Thought ◽  
Lexical Meaning ◽  
Original Meaning ◽  
Practical Dimension

Terminologies are indicators of linguistic and intellectual changes of a vocabulary in its historical context. This vocabulary may preserve some of its original meaning despite the sequential shifts, but it will get away from the lexical meaning and abbreviate intellectual, social and cultural dimensions. Sheikh Yassine is one of thinkers who took the Quranic teachings an intellectual reference. This article aims to present the educational and intellectual terminologies that Yassine developed in response to modernity and western thought. He was excessively concerned to derive those terminologies from the Quran and give them a practical dimension. The method used in this research is inductive by collecting terminologies from Yassine’s books, and subject it to the method of analysis and criticism in order to show its influence. The most important outcome of this research is the conception of qawmah (uprising) that Yassine invented is based on seven stages starting from the prophet’s revolution among his people and ended with establishing a united ummah (Islamic community). While the most firmed concept of Yassine is minhaj which become a code that actualize his project of reformation. Yassine has set some precise principles to deal the mystical experience and teachings of tasawwuf and finally he called for protecting reason from the mazes of mysticism when he dedicated his life completely to da’wah (missionary) and reformation.

scholarly journals REPRODUKSI PAHAM KEAGAMAAN DAN RESPON TERHADAP TUDUHAN RADIKAL (Studi Kasus Pesantren Ngruki Pasca Bom Bali 2002)

Harmoni ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-93
Author(s):  
Muhamad Murtadlo
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Case Study Approach ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Radical Islam ◽  
Religious Understanding ◽  
Multiple Causes

Pesantren Al Mukmin Ngruki Sukoharjo is often cited as an inspiration for radical Islam in Indonesia. This research examines the reproduction of religious understanding and the response to allegations of radicalism addressed to Pesantren Ngruki after the Bali bombings of 2002. This study includes qualitative research with case study approach. This study argues that a radical view of Islam can not be separated from social and historical context of this Islamic boarding institutions. Currently Pesantren Ngruki has undergone some changes in the orientation of education resulting from multiple causes, which are not limited by the case of Bali bombings only.

scholarly journals SURVEI SIDE SCAN SONAR DALAM PENELITIAN ARKEOLOGI BAWAH AIR DI PERAIRAN SUNGAI: STUDI KASUS PADA DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI BRANTAS [SIDE SCAN SONAR SURVEY IN RIVERINE UNDERWATER ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH: CASE STUDY IN THE BRANTAS BASIN]

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-112
Author(s):  
Agni Mochtar ◽  
Firman Setiawan ◽  
Shinatria Adhityatama
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Archaeological Remains ◽  
Side Scan Sonar ◽  
Maritime Cultural Landscape ◽  
Old Maps ◽  
Low Visibility ◽  
Survey Results

Aplikasi metode geofisika menggunakan side scan sonar dalam penelitian arkeologi bawah air belum banyak dilakukan di Indonesia. Tulisan ini memaparkan penggunaan side scan sonar untuk pemetaan dasar sungai dan identifikasi tinggalan arkeologi di dasar sungai dalam penelitian “Sungai Brantas dalam Perspektif Lanskap Kultur Maritim”, serta interpretasi hasil survei side scan sonar tersebut dalam konteks kesejarahan. Selain itu, dalam tulisan ini akan dibahas potensi pengembangan penggunaan side scan sonar dalam penelitian arkeologi bawah air di Indonesia, terutama di perairan sungai. Akuisisi data dilakukan dengan menggunakan side scan sonar Starfish 450H dengan sistem posisi GNSS Trimble R8s. Sementara itu, interpretasi diperoleh dengan melakukan analisis terhadap data peta dan arsip Belanda untuk memahami konteks temporal dari objek yang dideteksi oleh alat side scan sonar. Survei berhasil menunjukkan sedimen di dasar sungai berupa lempung dan lanau, serta beberapa objek yang diduga sebagai bangkai kapal, yang diperkirakan berasal dari pasca abad ke-19 Masehi. Hasil survei side scan sonar menunjukkan tingkat akurasi cukup hingga tinggi dan dapat menjadi pendukung penelitian arkeologi bawah air yang efisien, terutama di perairan yang keruh. Side scan sonar survey as one of the geophysics methods is still scarcely applied in underwater archaeological research in Indonesia. This paper describes the application of side scan sonar survey in mapping riverbed and identifying underwater archaeological remains in the “Sungai Brantas in the Perspective of Maritime Cultural Landscape” project, as well as interpreting its historical context based on survey results. This paper also explores the development of utilizing side scan sonar in underwater archaeological research in Indonesia, particularly in rivers. Data was acquisitioned by using the side scan sonar Starfish 450H and GNSS Trimble R8s positioning system. The interpretation was drawn by analysing related Dutch old maps and archives to understand the historical context of the survey findings. The result shows clay and silt sediment covering most of the riverbed and a number of objects, possibly shipwrecks, estimated as from the nineteenth century. The survey result has a medium to high accuracy. Thus, this method is able to serve as an efficient instrument for underwater archaeological research, especially in the low-visibility waters.

“Now is not like before. The world has changed.”

2018 ◽  
pp. 29-57
Author(s):  
Heather D. Switzer
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Education For All ◽  
Social Imaginary ◽  
Economic Insecurity ◽  
Postcolonial State ◽  
The World

“Maasai Education in Cultural and Historical Context,” focuses on how ideas about “being Maasai” and “being educated,” beginning in the colonial period and extending into the formation of the postcolonial state, are dynamic. Schoolgirls, mothers, and teachers see education as a powerful antidote to historically produced ethnic otherness, marginalization, and endemic economic insecurity. Schoolgirls, mothers, and teachers explained that as “the world has changed,” so have Maasai attitudes about education. This chapter historicizes and therefore politicizes contemporary Maasai attitudes about education in the case-study communities, within and against still salient ideas in the Kenyan social imaginary about Maasai as people who “hate” education, by showing how Maasai have come to see themselves as people who “love” education for all children, including girls.

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