scholarly journals Evaluation of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) somaclonal variants tolerance to salinity in vitro and in vivo cultures

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (46) ◽  
pp. 9337-9343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shomeili Mahmoud ◽  
Nabipour Majid ◽  
Meskarbashee Mosa ◽  
Rajabi Memari Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Somaclonal Variants ◽  
Tolerance To Salinity

scholarly journals Evaluation of Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) Somaclonals Tolerance to Salinity Via In Vitro and In Vivo

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAHMOUD SHOMEILI ◽  
MAJID NABIPOUR ◽  
MOSA MESKARBASHEE ◽  
HAMID RAJABI MEMARI
Keyword(s):  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Tolerance To Salinity

UJI DAYA TUMBUH DAN UJI VIRULENSI JAMUR PATOGEN Fusarium moniliforme PENYEBAB PENYAKIT POKAHBUNG PADA TANAMAN TEBU (Saccharum officinarum)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 96-106
Author(s):  
Nia Devita Mevianti ◽  
Antok Wahyu Sektiono ◽  
Syamsuddin Djauhari
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Moniliforme ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Purposive Sampling

Pokahbung merupakan salah satu penyakit penting yang banyak ditemukan di pertanaman tebu dan disebabkan oleh jamur Fusarium moniliforme. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji daya tumbuh F. moniliforme di 6 media yang berbeda dan mengetahui media yang sesuai bagi pertumbuhan jamur F. moniliforme serta mengkaji pengaruh perbedaan media pertumbuhan jamur yang digunakan terhadap tingkat virulensi F. moniliforme pada tanaman tebu. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Penyakit Tumbuhan dan Rumah Kaca (Greenhouse), Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dan eksperimen. Eksperimen dilakukan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 6 perlakuan media yang berbeda dan 4 kali ulangan secara In vitro dan In vivo. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari parameter pengamatan diameter koloni, kerapatan konidia, dan viabilitas konidia menunjukkan hasil yang tidak berbeda nyata. Sehingga kentang, umbi ganyong, dan ubi kayu dapat digunakan sebagai media pertumbuhan jamur F. moniliforme dan penggunaan media kentang dan dextrose serta media kentang dan sukrosa dinilai dapat menjadi media yang paling efektif untuk pertumbuhan jamur F. moniliforme. Perkembangan intensitas serangan penyakit yang ditimbulkan dari keenam media yang berbeda memiliki tingkat virulensi yang sama.

scholarly journals Identification of sources of tolerance to salinity stress in peas (Pisum sativum L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol LXII (2) ◽  
pp. 142-149
Author(s):  
Slavka Kalapchieva ◽  
◽  
Stanislava Grozeva ◽  
Ivanka Tringovska ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Root Traits ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Nacl Concentration ◽  
Tolerance To Salinity

Salinity stress has become an important limiting factor for plant growth and productivity. To evaluate the effect of salinity on plant and root development three pea genotypes were grown under different concentrations of NaCl (50, 100 and 200 mM NaCI) in an in vitro and in vivo conditions. After two weeks of cultivation in culture medium the seedling emergence rate was not significantly affected by 50 mM NaCl. In culture medium containing 200 mM NaCl only in variety Prometei over 50% of the seeds developed to the plants. The data indicated that increasing NaCl level significantly reduced shoot and root lengths, and plant fresh weight. Six weeks (42 days) after sowing in vivo, a reduction in plant height and weight was observed at 200 mM NaCl concentration. A proven differences of the root traits were established only in variety Prometei. On the bases of the obtained results it can be concluded that variety Prometei was the most tolerant to applied salt stress.

BIOCONTROL DE Trichoderma spp. HACIA PATÓGENOS DE LA RAÍZ DE CAÑA DE AZÚCAR (Saccharum officinarum)

Agrociencia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (7) ◽  
pp. 955-966
Author(s):  
Lidia Concepción Gamboa-Villa ◽  
Edgar Martínez Fernández ◽  
Patricia Martínez Jaimes ◽  
Ramón Suárez Rodríguez ◽  
José Augusto Ramírez Trujillo
Keyword(s):  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Trichoderma Spp

La marchitez de la caña de azúcar la produce un complejo de especies de Fusarium, como F. andiyazi y F. sacchari que inducen la pudrición de las raíces. Para controlar esta enfermedad y disminuir el uso de fungicidas se ha propuesto el control biológico por medio de antagonistas del género Trichoderma. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar in vitro y en plantas de caña de azúcar la capacidad antagónica de cepas de Trichoderma hacia F. andiyazi y F. sacchari. La hipótesis fue que al menos una cepa de Trichoderma inhibe el crecimiento in vitro de Fusarium y favorece el desarrollo de las plantas de caña. Dieciocho cepas de Trichoderma se aislaron y se determinó su porcentaje de inhibición sobre el crecimiento micelial de especies de Fusarium con la técnica de cultivo dual en medio de cultivo papa dextrosa agar. El diseño experimental fue completamente al azar, con cuatro repeticiones por tratamiento. El grado de antagonismo de Trichoderma se evaluó a los 13 d. Las cepas T2 y T8 que mostraron las características mejores de antagonismo se eligieron para el bioensayo in vivo. Para la evaluación in vivo el sustrato estéril se inoculó con F. andiyazi y F. sacchari y las raíces de plantas de caña con las cepas T2 y T8 de Trichoderma en un diseño de bloques al azar, con tres bloques y tres repeticiones para cada tratamiento. Las variables evaluadas fueron altura de la planta (cm), biomasa húmeda y seca de la raíz (g), número y diámetro de tallos (mm) y longitud de la raíz (cm). Las cepas T2 yT8 se determinaron, con identificación morfológica y molecular, como T. asperellum y T. koningiopsis. El efecto de estas cepas en las plantas de caña fue benéfico; ya que incrementaron altura de planta, y longitud, biomasa húmeda y seca de raíces.

Induction and Differentiation of Dental Epithelium in Vivo and in Vitro

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 142-145
Author(s):  
E. J. Kollar
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Basal Lamina ◽  
Functional Derivatives ◽  
Specific Source ◽  
Dental Epithelium ◽  
Connective Tissue Stroma

The differentiation and maintenance of many specialized epithelial structures are dependent on the underlying connective tissue stroma and on an intact basal lamina. These requirements are especially stringent in the development and maintenance of the skin and oral mucosa. The keratinization patterns of thin or thick cornified layers as well as the appearance of specialized functional derivatives such as hair and teeth can be correlated with the specific source of stroma which supports these differentiated expressions.

Ultrastructural Correlations between Clonal Human Tumor Colonies and in Vivo Neoplasms

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 210-211
Author(s):  
M.J. Murphy ◽  
R.R. Price ◽  
J.C. Sloman
Keyword(s):  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Human Tumor ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Tumor Mass ◽  
Initial Cell ◽  
Cloning Assay ◽  
Human Tumor Cloning ◽  
The Relationship

The in vitro human tumor cloning assay originally described by Salmon and Hamburger has been applied recently to the investigation of differential anti-tumor drug sensitivities over a broad range of human neoplasms. A major problem in the acceptance of this technique has been the question of the relationship between the cultured cells and the original patient tumor, i.e., whether the colonies that develop derive from the neoplasm or from some other cell type within the initial cell population. A study of the ultrastructural morphology of the cultured cells vs. patient tumor has therefore been undertaken to resolve this question. Direct correlation was assured by division of a common tumor mass at surgical resection, one biopsy being fixed for TEM studies, the second being rapidly transported to the laboratory for culture.

Ultrastructure of melanocyte-keratinocyte interactions and pigment transfer in vitro

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 650-651
Author(s):  
Raul I. Garcia ◽  
Evelyn A. Flynn ◽  
George Szabo
Keyword(s):  
Direct Injection ◽  
Skin Pigmentation ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Pigment Granule ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Ultrastructural Level ◽  
Lanthanum Tracer ◽  
A Cell

Skin pigmentation in mammals involves the interaction of epidermal melanocytes and keratinocytes in the structural and functional unit known as the Epidermal Melanin Unit. Melanocytes(M) synthesize melanin within specialized membrane-bound organelles, the melanosome or pigment granule. These are subsequently transferred by way of M dendrites to keratinocytes(K) by a mechanism still to be clearly defined. Three different, though not necessarily mutually exclusive, mechanisms of melanosome transfer have been proposed: cytophagocytosis by K of M dendrite tips containing melanosomes, direct injection of melanosomes into the K cytoplasm through a cell-to-cell pore or communicating channel formed by localized fusion of M and K cell membranes, release of melanosomes into the extracellular space(ECS) by exocytosis followed by K uptake using conventional phagocytosis. Variability in methods of transfer has been noted both in vivo and in vitro and there is evidence in support of each transfer mechanism. We Have previously studied M-K interactions in vitro using time-lapse cinemicrography and in vivo at the ultrastructural level using lanthanum tracer and freeze-fracture.

In vitro and in vivo polysaccharides assembly: ultrastructural and cytochemical study of growing plant cell wall components.

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 434-435
Author(s):  
D. Reis ◽  
B. Vian ◽  
J. C. Roland
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cytochemical Study ◽  
Wall Components

Wall morphogenesis in higher plants is a problem still open to controversy. Until now the possibility of a transmembrane control and the involvement of microtubules were mostly envisaged. Self-assembly processes have been observed in the case of walls of Chlamydomonas and bacteria. Spontaneous gelling interactions between xanthan and galactomannan from Ceratonia have been analyzed very recently. The present work provides indications that some processes of spontaneous aggregation could occur in higher plants during the formation and expansion of cell wall.Observations were performed on hypocotyl of mung bean (Phaseolus aureus) for which growth characteristics and wall composition have been previously defined.In situ, the walls of actively growing cells (primary walls) show an ordered three-dimensional organization (fig. 1). The wall is typically polylamellate with multifibrillar layers alternately transverse and longitudinal. Between these layers intermediate strata exist in which the orientation of microfibrils progressively rotates. Thus a progressive change in the morphogenetic activity occurs.

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