Morphological and anatomical response of Acacia ehrenbergiana Hayne and Acacia tortilis (Forssk) Haynes subspp. raddiana seedlings to induced water stress

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (44) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hashim Ali El Atta
Botany ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazhat-Ezzaman Noureddine ◽  
Saïd Amrani ◽  
Fatiha Aïd

L’ Acacia tortilis (Forsskal) Hayne subsp. raddiana (Savi) Brenan [ Acacia raddiana Savi s. s.] est la légumineuse ligneuse la plus répandue dans les régions désertiques d’Algérie. En tant qu’espèce bien adaptée, elle offre un potentiel d’intérêt pour le boisement ou le reboisement de ces régions. Sa capacité d’établir une symbiose fixatrice d’azote avec les rhizobia constitue un caractère important pour son développement et son adaptation aux conditions du milieu. Pour ces raisons, nous avons mené une étude portant sur la prévalence de la symbiose chez cette espèce et sur la caractérisation des souches de rhizobia associées. L’étude a porté sur 101 plants provenant de neuf sites naturels et de huit pépinières et nous a permis d’établir que l’A. tortilis subsp. raddiana est généralement nodulé et fixateur d’azote, malgré les conditions édaphiques défavorables qui prévalent en milieu naturel et dans les pépinières du sud du pays. La caractérisation symbiotique de 51 souches de rhizobia associées à l’A. tortilis subsp. raddiana nous a permis de montrer que celles-ci ne sont pas très spécifiques et qu’elles sont capables, pour la plupart, de former des nodules fixateurs d’azote chez les autres espèces d’acacias des régions désertiques de l’Algérie, en particulier l’ Acacia seyal Del. et l’ Acacia ehrenbergiana Hayne. Ces souches représentent donc un potentiel pour la production d’inoculants destinés à la bactérisation de l’A. tortilis subsp. raddiana, mais également des autres espèces d’acacias. L’analyse des profils de restriction du gène de l’ARN 16S des souches de rhizobia associées a permis de mettre en évidence leur grande diversité. Elles étaient représentées essentiellement par les espèces du genre Ensifer avec une prédominance de l’ Ensifer meliloti et, dans une moindre mesure, par des espèces des genres Mesorhizobium et Rhizobium , comme cela a déjà été rapporté par de nombreux auteurs dans d’autres régions d’Afrique. En plus des espèces de rhizobia reconnues comme étant capables de s’associer avec l’A. tortilis raddiana, nous avons isolé cinq souches que nous n’avons pas pu identifier, par réaction en chaîne de la polymérase – polymorphisme de la longueur du fragment de restriction du gène de l’ARN 16S, et qui pourraient constituer une nouvelle espèce génotypique.


Trees ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 959-971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim M. Aref ◽  
Abdallah I. Ahmed ◽  
Pervaiz R. Khan ◽  
Hashim A. El-Atta ◽  
Muhammad Iqbal

Author(s):  
Khalid A. Al-Mutairi ◽  
Adnan Al-Atawi ◽  
Abdulmajeed Alajlan ◽  
Salman A. Al-Shami

The present study aims to investigate the effect of different social factors on the woodcutting frequency in Tabuk Region. A total of 100 people participated in this study by answering the questionnaire questions. The conservation knowledge of the participants was also assessed through 4 questions (Yes or No). The final score of the conservation knowledge assessment is 4. The present study findings showed that most of people like to cut the wood for heating during winter and fall seasons. The frequency of woodcutting in Tabuk Region was once a month. Among the social factors involved in this study, education showed negative and significant relationship with the number of logging times. However, age had positive relationship with the number of logging times. The most favourbale species to be cut and used for heating and cooking in Tabuk are; <em>Acacia tortilis</em>, <em>Acacia ehrenbergiana, <em>Retama</em></em> <em>reaetam</em> and <em>Calligonum comosum</em>. For the assessment of the public conservation knowledge, it was found that most of participants had moderate to good conservation knowledge as most of them answered 3 questions correctly out of 4. The conservation knowledge showed to be affected positively by education level and negatively by the number of family members. In conclusion, it was found that there is remarkable woodcutting stress on wild plants in Tabuk Region and immediate and effective actions should be performed


2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (21) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ishmael Bio Yandou ◽  
Habou Rabiou ◽  
Idrissa Soumana ◽  
Abdou Laouali ◽  
Ali Mahamane

EDIS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Paez ◽  
Jason A. Smith

Biscogniauxia canker or dieback (formerly called Hypoxylon canker or dieback) is a common contributor to poor health and decay in a wide range of tree species (Balbalian & Henn 2014). This disease is caused by several species of fungi in the genus Biscogniauxia (formerly Hypoxylon). B. atropunctata or B. mediterranea are usually the species found on Quercus spp. and other hosts in Florida, affecting trees growing in many different habitats, such as forests, parks, green spaces and urban areas (McBride & Appel, 2009).  Typically, species of Biscogniauxia are opportunistic pathogens that do not affect healthy and vigorous trees; some species are more virulent than others. However, once they infect trees under stress (water stress, root disease, soil compaction, construction damage etc.) they can quickly colonize the host. Once a tree is infected and fruiting structures of the fungus are evident, the tree is not likely to survive especially if the infection is in the tree's trunk (Anderson et al., 1995).


EDIS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Davie Mayeso Kadyampakeni ◽  
Kelly T. Morgan ◽  
Mongi Zekri ◽  
Rhuanito Ferrarezi ◽  
Arnold Schumann ◽  
...  

Water is a limiting factor in Florida citrus production during the majority of the year because of the low water holding capacity of sandy soils resulting from low clay and the non-uniform distribution of the rainfall. In Florida, the major portion of rainfall comes in June through September. However, rainfall is scarce during the dry period from February through May, which coincides with the critical stages of bloom, leaf expansion, fruit set, and fruit enlargement. Irrigation is practiced to provide water when rainfall is not sufficient or timely to meet water needs. Proper irrigation scheduling is the application of water to crops only when needed and only in the amounts needed; that is, determining when to irrigate and how much water to apply. With proper irrigation scheduling, yield will not be limited by water stress. With citrus greening (HLB), irrigation scheduling is becoming more important and critical and growers cannot afford water stress or water excess. Any degree of water stress or imbalance can produce a deleterious change in physiological activity of growth and production of citrus trees.  The number of fruit, fruit size, and tree canopy are reduced and premature fruit drop is increased with water stress.  Extension growth in shoots and roots and leaf expansion are all negatively impacted by water stress. Other benefits of proper irrigation scheduling include reduced loss of nutrients from leaching as a result of excess water applications and reduced pollution of groundwater or surface waters from the leaching of nutrients. Recent studies have shown that for HLB-affected trees, irrigation frequency should increase and irrigation amounts should decrease to minimize water stress from drought stress or water excess, while ensuring optimal water availability in the rootzone at all times.


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