scholarly journals The Environmental Protection Areas tragedy: an analysis of the implementation of Nature Conservation Units, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. e86
Author(s):  
Carlos André Luz Jeronymo ◽  
Elmo Rodrigues da Silva ◽  
Kenny Tanizaki Fonseca
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Pereira Lima ◽  
Carlos Alberto Algarves Peixoto Neto ◽  
Yuri Teixeira Amaral ◽  
Glécio Machado Siqueira

AbstractThis review aims to study the main aspects of Maranhense East Mesoregion Biogeography of the state portion has suffered socio-economic and cultural changes, besides environmental conflicts due to the advance of capitalist agriculture as soy and eucalyptus agribusiness. The Maranhense East Mesoregion is formed by the union of 44cities grouped into six microregions: Chapadinha, Coelho Neto, Baixo Parnaíba Maranhense, Chapada do Alto Itapecuru, Codó, and Caxias. Historically, this mesoregion had its occupation linked to peripheral areas to the large cotton plantations of the Itapecuru and cattle creation in Pastos Bons, in the XVII and XVIII century. The economy of this mesoregion is mainly based on Eucalyptus for pulp and paper, soybean, maize, and sugarcane. It must be emphasized that the introduction of the soybean, sugarcane, the expansion of eucalyptus and the charcoal production increased the pollution of the rivers and the destruction of native resources. The lack of inspection as to legal reserve areas in rural properties and the lack of conservation units in this region may be considered as aggravating in relation to the intense expansion of agricultural activities. The vegetation of the Maranhense East Mesoregion encompasses several formations, being basically characterized by the forests of babassu and the areas of cerrado latu senso, besides the small patches of Caatinga near the border with the state of Piaui and transitional formations. The climate is typical of tropical zones, predominantly As in the Parnaíba Delta region and the Aw throughout the rest of the mesoregion, with annual average temperatures between 24°C to 28°C and precipitation index with values between 1800mm to 1000mm. The studied mesoregion has only five Conservation Unit: Mirador State Park, Morros Garapenses State Environmental Protection Area, Parnaíba Delta Environmental Protection Area, Parnaíba Delta Marine Extractive Reserve, Chapada Limpa Extractive Reserve.Keywords: Maranhão geography. Environmental conservation. Socioeconomic aspects.CARACTERIZAÇÃO BIOGEOGRÁFICA DA MESORREGIÃO LESTE MARANHENSE (BRASIL)ResumoEsta revisão tem como objetivo estudar os principais aspectos da Biogeografia da Mesorregião Leste Maranhense, porção do estado que tem sofrido mudanças socioeconômicas e culturais, além de conflitos ambientaisdevido ao avanço da agricultura capitalista como o agronegócio da soja e eucalipto. A Mesorregião Leste Maranhense é formada pela união de 44 municípios agrupados em seis microrregiões: Chapadinha, Coelho Neto, Baixo Parnaíba Maranhense, Chapadas do Alto Itapecuru, Codó e Caxias. Historicamente, esta mesorregião teve sua ocupação ligada às áreas periféricas às grandes plantações de algodão do Itapecuru e criação de gados em Pastos Bons, no século XVII e XVIII. A economia desta mesorregião baseia-se principalmente no Eucalipto para a produção de celulose e papel, soja, milho e cana-de-açúcar. Deve-se ressaltar que a introdução da soja, da cana-de-açúcar, a expansão do eucalipto e a produção de carvão vegetal aumentaram a poluição dos rios e a destruição de recursos nativos. A falta de fiscalização quanto às áreas de reserva legal nas propriedades rurais e a falta de unidades de conservação nesta região, podem ser consideradas como agravantes em relação à expansão intensa das atividades agropecuárias. A cobertura vegetal da mesorregião Leste maranhense engloba várias formações, sendo basicamente caracterizada pelas florestas de babaçu e pelas áreas de cerrado lato senso, além das pequenas manchas de caatinga próximas à fronteira com o estado do Piauí e formações transicionais. O clima da região é característico das zonas tropicais, predominantemente As na região doDelta do Parnaíba e o Aw em todo o restante da mesorregião, com temperaturas médias anuais entre 24 °C até 28 °C e índices de precipitação pluviométrica com valores entre 1800 mm a 1000 mm. A mesorregião estudada apresenta apenas cinco Unidades de Conservação: Parque Estadual do Mirador, Área de Proteção Ambiental Estadual dos Morros Garapenses, Área de Proteção Ambiental do Delta do Parnaíba, Reserva Extrativista Marinha do Delta do Parnaíba, Reserva Extrativista de Chapada Limpa.Palavras-chave: Geografia do Maranhão. Conservação ambiental. Aspectos socioeconômicos.


Author(s):  
Eduard Arustamov ◽  
Kseniia Kobiak ◽  
Irina Pavlova

Astrakhan biosphere reserve, the Volga Delta, hunting, the birds’ nesting area, adjacent territory of the Delta, Northern Caspian sea, the species. The article is characterized by environmental protection, research and ekologo-educational activity of the Astrakhan biosphere reserve, which is the oldest environmental institution of the Federal value. Specific examples of diversification activities of the reserve, has drawn attention to the possibility of a successful combination of very important and substantive nature conservation with scientific research, environmental education and, even to some extent, educational activities.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 12884
Author(s):  
J Marc Foggin ◽  
Daniele Brombal ◽  
Ali Razmkhah

Building on a review of current mainstream paradigms of nature conservation, the essence of transformations necessary for effective and lasting change are presented—namely, convivial solutions (or ‘living with others’), in which relationality and an appreciation of our interdependencies are central, in contrast to life-diminishing models of individualism and materialism/secularism. We offer several areas for improvement centred on regenerative solutions, moving beyond conventional environmental protection or biophysical restoration and focusing instead on critical multidimensional relationships—amongst people and between people and the rest of nature. We focus, in particular, on the potential of people’s values and worldviews to inform morality (guiding principles and/or beliefs about right and wrong) and ethics (societal rules defining acceptable behaviour), which alone can nurture the just transformations needed for nature conservation and sustainability at all scales. Finally, we systematize the potential of regenerative solutions against a backdrop of relational approaches in sustainability sciences. In so doing, we contribute to current endeavours of the conservation community for more inclusive conservation, expanding beyond economic valuations of nature and protected areas to include more holistic models of governance that are premised on relationally-oriented value systems.


Author(s):  
Margot Horspool ◽  
Matthew Humphreys ◽  
Michael Wells-Greco

This chapter reviews environmental law and policy in the European Union, considering Union powers and the international context. It discusses the framework for Union environmental law and policy; environmental principles; European Union environmental law by sector; trade in endangered species; nature conservation; environmental protection implementation and enforcement; and environmental litigation.


2002 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-251
Author(s):  
P. Rafai ◽  
A. Székely ◽  
J. Mészáros

Karl-Heinz Waldmann and Michael Wendt (editors), Klaus Bickhardt, Karl Heinritzi, Karl Heinz Lahrmann, Hans Plonait†, Karl-Heinz Waldman, Michael Wendt and Werner Zimmermann (co-authors):Lehrbuch der Schweinekrankheiten (Textbook of Swine Diseases). Parey Buchverlag, Berlin, 2001. 3rd revised edition. 626 pages with 318 figures and 63 tables. Format 17 × 24 cm. ISBN 3-8263-3373-X. Price: € 89.95.  Roy Mack, Bettina Mikhail and Michel Mikhail:Dictionary of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences / Wörterbuch der Veterinärmedizin und Biowissenschaften / Dictionnaire de médecine vétérinaire et des sciences biologiques (English-German-French). 3rd, revised and expanded edition, 2002. Parey Buchverlag, Berlin. 1692 pages. 17 × 24 cm. ISBN 3-8263-3405-1. Price: € 94.95.  Környezet- és Természetvédelmi Lexikon (Encyclopaedia of Environmental Protection and Nature Conservation) (in Hungarian language). 2nd, revised and expanded edition. Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, 2002. Hardcover, two volumes (664 and 588 pages).


2018 ◽  
Vol XI ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Andrzej Grzywacz ◽  
Ewa Referowska- Chodak

The paper presents the taxonomic status of fungi and species abundance of fungi and fungus-like organisms occurring in Poland. It provides the history of species conservation and discusses the level of threat posed to fungi. Tree nature monuments with particular emphasis put on old trees, as well as fungal species under the strict and partial legal protection that may inhabit such trees have also been characterized. The paper describes an ideological conflict concerning nature conservation that may arise in connection with the infestation of protected monument trees by fungi also protected by law. Although there is no legal conflict as regards the elimination of protected fungal species from monument trees, the practice shows that it is difficult to obtain permission for such actions in regional directorates of environmental protection. This is (wrongly) explained by the lack of derogations from the destruction of some fungal species and their habitats.


2008 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ildikó Katona ◽  
Imre Kárász ◽  
Gabriella Leskó ◽  
Andrea Kosáros ◽  
Gyula Lakatos

Role of Media in Students' Life and Their Environmental Education: A Survey of Students Aged 13 to 17Finding solutions to the problems of environmental protection and nature conservation, developing and performing environmentally conscious behaviour have become the main task of recent decade, this equally involves political, economic and social spheres. Beyond networking between these spheres, the media have to undertake a specific role in solving the above-mentioned problems and also attaining sustainability. A survey was conducted among 234 students between the age of 13-17, searching for the answers what connections students have to the media and whether and to what extent they are reached by the thematic channels and television programmes related to the environment and nature. It is argued that to deal with the issues raised by the results of the survey, a module dealing with environmental protection and nature conservation based on the application of different elements of media should be created for Hungarian schools.


FLORESTA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 874
Author(s):  
Carlos Alberto Araújo Júnior ◽  
Paulo Ricardo Santos Miranda ◽  
Thais Sales Gonçalves ◽  
Sthefany Mendes Zuba ◽  
Renato Vinícius Oliveira Castro ◽  
...  

Ecological tourism stands out as an economic activity that can be reconciled with nature conservation. Such activities have been carried out in several conservation units in Brazil. However, for satisfactory implementation, it is necessary to effectively plan the activities to be conducted, places to be visited, and paths to reach those places. In this context, we aimed to assess whether Google Earth software can assist in the expansion of the plan to use these areas for ecotourism, especially the routes that may be taken by tourists within the conservation unit. For this purpose, tourist interest sites were defined in the State Environmental Protection Area of Rio Pandeiros in the northern region of the state of Minas Gerais. The shortest routes between the pairs of locations obtained using Google Earth and QGIS software were evaluated. Additionally, it was necessary to perform vectorization and classification of all roads in the area. The lengths of the paths obtained were compared using a method identity test. The results showed that for most routes, Google Earth showed longer paths than QGIS. It can be concluded that for the purpose of ecotourism, precise planning should consider the vectorization of roads in areas with many rural roads.


2010 ◽  
pp. 15-17
Author(s):  
Olexandr Pakhomov

The historical rewiev of Biology, Ecology and Medicine Faculty is presented. The Faculty of Biology, Ecology and Medicine has 7 Departments, Aquarium complex, Zoological Museum, Vivarium and Herbarium. It works in cooperation with the Research Institute of Biology, Botanical Garden, O. L. Bel’gard International Biosphere Station, and Biological Station of DNU and forms the regional Centre of Science, Education and Culture in the field of Biology, Ecology and Nature Conservation in Central Ukraine. The Faculty proposes courses in the following specialities: Biology, Zoology, Botany, Microbiology and Virology, Biochemistry, Physiology, Ecology, Environmental Protection and Balanced Nature Management. All of them have the highest IV level of accreditation. Students get a pedagogical education.


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