scholarly journals Portuguese America under Foreign Threat and the Creation of the Concept of uti possidetis in the First half of the 18th Century

2021 ◽  
pp. 109-142
Author(s):  
Junia Ferreira Furtado
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
South America ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Diplomatic Relations ◽  
Fernando De Noronha ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this article is to discuss the relationship between invasions, cartography, and possessory law in the context of diplomatic relations between Portugal and Spain in the first half of the eighteenth century, in South America territories. The Castilian siege of Colônia do Sacramento and the French invasion of Fernando de Noronha island (1736 and 1737), awoke in the Portuguese ambassador D. Luís da Cunha the need to change the foundation on which the frontiers of Brazil were negotiated. He began to use the concept of uti possidetis as a strategy, which would become the directive for the diplomatic negotiations in the 1750 Treaty of Madrid. Despite its acceptance as a resource to demarcate frontiers, uti possidetis created various controversies at the moment of the demarcation of the territories and the Treaty was annulled by the Treaty of El Pardo (1761), when the legal frontiers returned to their previous positions.

scholarly journals Embodying the Site: the Here and Now in Site-Specific Dance Performance

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 367-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Hunter
Keyword(s):  
Creative Process ◽  
Dance Performance ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Spirit Of Place ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The University ◽  
The Relationship

In this article, Victoria Hunter explores the concept of the ‘here and now’ in the creation of site-specific dance performance, in response to Doreen Massey's questioning of the fixity of the concept of the ‘here and now’ during the recent RESCEN seminar on ‘Making Space’, in which she challenged the concept of a singular fixed ‘present’, suggesting instead that we exist in a constant production of ‘here and nows’ akin to ‘being in the moment’. Here the concept is applied to an analysis of the author's recent performance work created as part of a PhD investigation into the relationship between the site and the creative process in site-specific dance performance. In this context the notion of the ‘here and now’ is discussed in relation to the concept of dance embodiment informed by the site and the genius loci, or ‘spirit of place’. Victoria Hunter is a Lecturer in Dance at the University of Leeds, who is currently researching a PhD in site-specific dance performance.

scholarly journals Kharetat al mousafer, an 18th-century proskynetarion of Jerusalem and The Holy Land from Saydnaia

Chronos ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 95-118
Author(s):  
Rand Abou Ackl
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Holy Land ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Way

In this article, I discuss a proskynetarion icon of the Holy Land and Jerusalem, called the Kharetat al mousafer, located in Saydnaia Monastery in Syria. The relationship between pilgrimages and proskynetaria, which served as a tool of Christian propaganda, will be discussed with a focus on the Saydnaia proskynetarion as a case study, showing the way of the Melkite painter, Issa al-Qudsi depicted the Holy Land topography. In this icon, the Holy Sepulchre (Church of Resurrection) was also represented, opening a discussion around proskynetaria in Syria during the eighteenth century.

Three Eighteenth-Century Waqf Documents from the Ottoman Courts of Aleppo

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-70
Author(s):  
Marco Salati
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Right ◽  
The City ◽  
Limited Scope ◽  
Family Groups

Abstract This article is a study of three 18th-century documents from the archives of the Ottoman qāḍī-courts of Aleppo. Although the nature of the cases they relate differ, they all deal with various aspects of the waqf institution: istibdal – i.e. the exchange of ruined or unprofitable waqf property for a more productive one – the creation of a new waqf, and, finally, a dispute over the right to benefit from waqf property. Juridical considerations aside, the interest of these cases lies primarily in the fact that the individuals mentioned and involved in the three documents belong to a restricted circle of notable family groups which are at various degrees linked to one another through marriage relations. Even in their limited scope, these documents provide valuable information on some of the notable families of the city and their social networks.

scholarly journals Geographies of Brazil in the 18th Century: The Philosophical Journey of Alexandre Rodrigues Ferreira

Terr Plural ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Karina Eugenia Fioravante ◽  
◽  
Lohanne Fernanda Gonçalves Ferreira ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Geographical Analysis ◽  
Graphic Representations ◽  
The Creation

The graphic representations have privileged space in the journeys made by naturalists since the Eighteenth century and they are fundamental elements of the geographical analysis. The main goal of this paper is to reflect on the illustrations that composed geographies of Brazil brought by the Philosophical Journey of the naturalist Alexandre Rodrigues Ferreira in the Eighteenth Century. First, it is presented the relevancy of the expeditions taken by naturalists as well as the importance of the images produced by such expeditions in the consolidation of Geography as a discipline. Next, it is discussed the journey made by Alexandre Rodrigues Ferreira in his Philosophical Expedition throughout Brazil. Lastly, it is analyzed the creation of images and imaginaries about Brazil at the time the graphic representations were produced.

scholarly journals Projects and pedagogical expectations: Inside P. J. Marperger's ‘golden clover leaf’ ( Trifolium ), 1700–1730

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-157
Author(s):  
Kelly J. Whitmer
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Young People ◽  
Educational Reform ◽  
Teaching Methods ◽  
Useful Knowledge ◽  
Reform Project ◽  
Incremental Improvement ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Relationship

Many eighteenth-century projectors believed in the potential of pedagogy, including its ability to improve lives and to radically reconfigure the structure of society. Despite an obvious inability to predict how effective their projects would be if implemented, those who managed to gain the support of state leaders very frequently peddled educational reform schemes they expected would generate real improvements, including heightened abilities to apprehend the quality of usefulness. This paper considers the relationship between pedagogy and expectations in a three-part reform project put forward by an early commercial advisor and projector named Paul Jacob Marperger (1656–1730). Keenly aware of the pedagogical dimensions of ongoing efforts to both generate useful knowledge and to cultivate skilled observers and makers of it, Marperger used his project to showcase his commitment to the incremental improvement of society via the creation of new training regimens for young people and adults. The paper studies how he linked his expectations to existing institutions, technologies and ongoing reform efforts, including new teaching methods and materials.

scholarly journals Early history of the Academy of Sciences: facts and their sociocultural reconstruction

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-203
Author(s):  
Vladimir P. Filatov
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Early History ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Forms Of Knowledge

The history of the project of Peter I on the creation of the Academy of Sciences in Russia is analyzed. The problems of the relationship between scientists and the Russian bureaucracy, as well as the effectiveness of the scientific activities of the Academy in the 18th century are examined. The sociocultural reconstruction of the conditions and mechanisms for transferring new forms of knowledge and relevant institutions to the Russian environment unprepared for this is discussed. It is shown that the Academy of Sciences has prepared the possibilities for the emergence of universities in Russia.

Rhetorik und Musik in England (16. bis 18. Jahrhundert)

Rhetorik ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Ruf
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Francis Bacon ◽  
Musical Practice ◽  
Musical Thinking ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Sister Arts ◽  
Henry Peacham ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe article deals with the influence of rhetoric on musical thinking and musical practice in England from the end to fifteenth century until the eighteenth century. The humanistic rediscovery of sciences and arts led to the revival of the artes liberales and to an insight in the relationship of ars oratoria and ars musica and the affinity between poetry and music. The close connexion is based on the similarity of effects,which are produced by the eloquence of speech and the affective power of vocal and instrumental sounds: They convey a message and move the heart. The relation of the sister arts was primarily considered not in theoretical musical sources but in writings dealing with poetry or rhetoric by George Puttenham, Henry Peacham the Elder, Francis Bacon, Charles Butler and others. However, the treatises by Christopher Simpson,Thomas Mace,Charles Avison and William Jones attestagrowing importance of rhetorical principles on the creation of music. Ayres and wordless pieces by Campion, Dowland, Purcell and Händel give evidence, that the composers applied rhetorical procedures and figures to intensify the expressive and persuasive qualities of their art.

The Agreement of Uncontroversial Evidence and the Presumption of Innocence: An Insoluble Dilemma?

2002 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Duff
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Trial ◽  
Presumption Of Innocence ◽  
Justice Process ◽  
Criminal Justice Process ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Relationship

On 1 April 1996, a rather odd provision was introduced into the Scottish criminal justice process, namely a duty on both prosecution and defence to try to agree uncontroversial evidence in advance of criminal trial.1 As far as the writer is aware, such a provision is unique, although the philosophy underlying its introduction is not totally alien to inquisitorial systems of criminal justice.2 What is particularly peculiar about this duty is that there is no sanction for a failure, however unreasonable, to agree uncontroversial evidence.3 The lack of a sanction resulted from a concern that the creation of any penalty would impinge unjustifiably upon the rights of the accused. The intention in this article is to explore in detail the relationship between the duty to agree uncontroversial evidence and the position of the accused, and to suggest that the imposition of a sanction for a breach of this duty is not as problematic as was thought by those responsible for the legislation.

Kajian Sosiologis Terhadap Tema Lakon ‘Domba-domba Revolusi’ Karya Bambang Soelarto

Panggung ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Sahid
Keyword(s):  
Sociological Theory ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
The Political ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Historical Figures ◽  
Sociology Of Art ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACTRevolutionary struggle in order to compete for the independence of Indonesia has been a source of inspiration Indonesian artists, including Bambang Soelarto who wrote drama Domba-domba Re- volusi (DDR). DDR studied drama is quite interesting because it tries to criticize the freedom fight- ers. This study aims to: first to know the theme and the problem plays DDR; second to determine the relationship of the socio - historical struggle in 1948 with the sociological elements of drama DDR themes and issues. This study uses sociological theory of art. The basic principles of the sociology of art is the fact that the creation of works of art influenced by the historical social conditions where the work was created. Research using content analysis of Krippendorf, the methods used to examine the symbolic phenomena with the aim to explore and express the observed phenomenon which is the content, meaning, and an essential element of the literary work. Based results of this research is that Bambang Soelarto as the author tries to capture di?erence between fighters during the struggle for the political aspirations for 1948 are expressed in a work of drama. Historical events inspired the creation of drama DDR. Soelarto want to respond to the political aspirations of the di?erence between historical figures and wanted to provide an assessment and outlook through DDR.Keywords: themes, drama, sociology of art, social historical ABSTRAKRevolusi perjuangan dalam rangka memperebutkan kemerdekaan Indonesia telah men- jadi sumber inspirasi para seniman Indonesia, termasuk Bambang Soelarto yang menulis drama Domba-domba Revolusi (DDR). Drama DDR cukup menarik diteliti karena mencoba mengkritisi para pejuang kemerdekaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: pertama, mengeta- hui tema dan permasalah drama DDR; kedua, mengetahui hubungan kondisi sosio-histo- ris perjuangan pada tahun 1948 dengan unsur-unsur sosiologis terimplisir pada unsur tema dan masalah drama DDR. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori sosiologi seni. Prinsip dasar dari sosiologi seni adalah adanya fakta bahwa penciptaan karya seni dipengaruhi oleh kon- disi sosial historis tempat karya itu diciptakan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode con- tent analysis dari Krippendorf, yakni metode yang dipergunakan untuk meneliti fenome- na-fenomena simbolik dengan tujuan untuk menggali dan mengungkapkan fenomena yang teramati yang merupakan isi, makna, dan unsur esensial karya sastra. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa Bambang Soelarto sebagai penulis mencoba un- tuk menangkap perbedaan antara pejuang aspirasi politik selama perjuangan tahun 1948 untuk diekspresikan dalam sebuah karya drama. Peristiwa sejarah mengilhami penciptaan drama DDR. Soelarto ingin menanggapi aspirasi politik perbedaan antara tokoh-tokoh se- jarah dan ingin memberikan penilaian dan pandangan pandangannnya melalui DDR.Kata kunci: tema, drama, sosiologi seni, sosial historis

Imagery and Metaphorical Space of the Term in the Language of Scientific Texts by V. Vinogradov

2018 ◽  
Vol 79 (9) ◽  
pp. 61-66
Author(s):  
N. V. Khalikovа
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
Semantic Structure ◽  
Scientific Thinking ◽  
Scientific Texts ◽  
Basic Term ◽  
Pragmatic Information ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Relationship

The article considers the functions of the system of verbal imagery’s in the creation of the scientific style of V.V. Vinogradov. The figurativeness of basic, background and metaphorical terms is described. The semantic structure of the image of the basic term «style» is analyzed, figurative paradigms of the concepts Language, Speech and Style are revealed. The article shows the relationship between scientific thinking and metaphorical style, the role of sustainable cognitive metaphors in the creation, storage and transfer of pragmatic information and the creation of a cultural and historical context.

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