Research on the Role of Structure in Thinking

1985 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 58-60
Author(s):  
Thomas P. Carpenter
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Mathematical Thinking ◽  
Mathematics Students ◽  
Mathematical Thought ◽  
High Level ◽  
Mathematics Research

One of the most basic questions with regard to mathematical thinking is “What is mathematical thinking?” This question Is not the kind that is readily answered by empirical research. However, research can provide some perspective on the nature of mathematical thought if the question is rephrased: “What characterizes the thinking of individuals who have demonstrated a high level of ability in mathematics?” Research that compares the abilities of very capable mathematics students with those of less capable students or the problem-solving processes exhibited by experts and novices otfers some insights into this question.

scholarly journals Piloting a problem solving module for undergraduate mathematics students

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
David McConnell
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Mathematical Thinking ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
Mathematical Work ◽  
Assessment Practices ◽  
Traditional Teaching ◽  
Mathematics Students ◽  
Undergraduate Mathematics ◽  
Students First ◽  
Academic Year

We report on a new problem solving module for second-year undergraduate mathematics students first piloted during the 2016-17 academic year at Cardiff University.  This module was introduced in response to the concern that for many students, traditional teaching and assessment practices do not offer sufficient opportunities for developing problem-solving and mathematical thinking skills, and more generally, to address the recognised need to incorporate transferrable skills into our undergraduate programmes.  We discuss the pedagogic and practical considerations involved in the design and delivery of this module, and in particular, the question of how to construct open-ended problems and assessment activities that promote mathematical thinking, and reward genuinely original and independent mathematical work.  

The Role of Problem Solving

1985 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 48-50
Author(s):  
Randall I. Charles
Keyword(s):  
Mathematics Education ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Mathematical Thinking ◽  
Development Of Students

The importance of problem solving in mathematics has been attested to by many individuals and groups (e.g., Snowmass 1973; NCSM 1977; CBMS 1982). Furthermore, the belief seems to be common that the development of students' problem-solving abilities is one of the most important goals of mathematics education. In view of the importance of problem solving, it is templing to argue that problem solving and mathematical thinking are in fact different names tor the same activity. However, such an argument would provide too narrow an interpretation of mathematical thinking and too broad a view of problem solving. The purposes of this article are to describe one view of “mathematical thinking” and to describe the characteristics of a problem-solving program necessary to develop this kind of thinking.

Fostering Mathematical Thinking through Multiple Solutions

2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 534-539
Author(s):  
Jinfa Cai ◽  
Patricia Ann Kenney
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Multiple Solutions ◽  
Mathematical Thinking ◽  
School Mathematics ◽  
Reform Movement ◽  
Mathematics Students ◽  
Mathematical Concepts ◽  
Teachers And Students

The reform movement in school mathematics advocates communication as a necessary component for learning, doing, and understanding mathematics (Elliott and Kenney 1996). Communication in mathematics means that one is able not only to use its vocabulary, notation, and structure to express ideas and relationships but also to think and reason mathematically. In fact, communication is considered the means by which teachers and students can share the processes of learning, doing, and understanding mathematics. Students should express their thinking and problem-solving processes in both written and oral formats. The clarity and completeness of students' communication can indicate how well they understand the related mathematical concepts.

scholarly journals Emotional Regulation Strategies and Problem-Solving Ability among the Gifted Students in Jeddah

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 51-98
Author(s):  
sawzan sadaqa Basyouni sawzan sadaqa Basyouni
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Secondary Students ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Gifted Students ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Secondary Stage ◽  
Regulation Strategies ◽  
High Level ◽  
Positive Focus

The present study aims to investigate the emotional regulation strategies and their relation to the problem-solving ability among the gifted intermediate and secondary students in Jeddah. It adopted the questionnaire of emotional regulation strategies (Saloum, 2015) and the personal problem-solving inventory (Heppner and Peterson, 1982). Results revealed the high level of the emotional regulation strategies among the gifted students. While "positive focus" was ranked first, "distraction" was ranked last. Results also revealed the high level of the problem-solving ability among the participants. While "personal discipline" was ranked first, "avoidance" was ranked last. Furthermore, the emotional regulation strategies were not correlated to the problem-solving ability. Although there were differences in the emotional regulation strategies due to educational stage favoring the secondary stage, there were no differences in the problem-solving ability. The study recommended activating the role of the educational institutions by increasing the attention to the emotional regulation strategies in the different stages and holding workshops and symposia to the students at schools and universities to improve their emotional regulation and problem-solving ability.

scholarly journals Academic music of China

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (Extra-A) ◽  
pp. 256-264
Author(s):  
Du Xin
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Research Topic ◽  
Chinese Music ◽  
Musical Tradition ◽  
Motivation For Learning ◽  
Special Software ◽  
Advanced Analytics ◽  
High Level

The objectives of the article are to reveal the level of students' awareness of the role of traditions in academic Chinese music, to reveal the attitude of students towards traditional Chinese music, and to present the results of empirical research. The research methodology is based others among methods: content analysis of scientific literature on the research topic; method of sociological survey and method of statistical analysis. An empirical research was carried out in the form of a survey of 3rd year students (bachelors) in three groups of 25 people each (the general sample consisted of 75 respondents). A special software had been used, a Neural Designer program - a tool for advanced analytics. Research materials include sources and data from student questionnaires. The main results of the study are students from the two experimental groups showed an increase in interest in the musical tradition of China and its implementation in modern academic music. After the experimental sessions, the motivation for learning increased from a low to a high level.

scholarly journals The Relationship between the Emotional Intelligence of Iranian EFL Learners and Their Performance on the Listening Section of IELTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Akbar Khomeijani Farahani ◽  
Hassti Gholam-Shahbazi
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Standardized Test ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Advanced Learners ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
High Level

This study was an attempt to explore the role of emotional intelligence on the whole and its components particularly problem solving in EFL learners’ listening comprehension performance in the IELTS tests. For this purpose, a total of 39 advanced learners homogenized according to Oxford Placement Test took part in this study. Participants completed the IELTS listening tests and were asked to fill out the Bar-On emotional intelligence questionnaire. The obtained quantitative data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficients. Results indicated a non-significant correlation between the whole EI scores and listening performance of learners. There were, however, a significant relationship between problem solving and EI. The social responsibility component of EI was also found to have a significant relationship with listening. The findings are discussed with regard to the role of the IELTS test as a standardized test and the high level of learners. Implications and suggestions for further research are presented.

scholarly journals Examining the relationship between pre-service mathematics teachers’ mathematical thinking level and attitude towards mathematics courses

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 256-270
Author(s):  
Avni YILDIZ ◽  
Serdal BALTACI ◽  
Büşra KARTAL
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Mathematics Teachers ◽  
Mathematical Thinking ◽  
Higher Order Thinking ◽  
Attitude Scale ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Package Program ◽  
Teachers Attitudes ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract: This study is correlational research and aims to investigate the relationship between preservice mathematics teachers' mathematical thinking levels and attitudes for courses in mathematics. We also examined whether gender, reasons for career choice, and academic achievement lead to significant differences in pre-service teachers' attitudes and mathematical thinking levels. Participants are 109 senior pre-service mathematics teachers from three different state universities that have similar conditions. Participants are selected via convenience sampling. Seventy-nine of the participants are female, and 30 are male. "Attitude scale for courses in mathematics" and "Mathematical Thinking Scale" are used to collect data. Data were analyzed by using SPSS package program. Pre-service teachers are found to have moderate attitudes while their mathematical thinking levels are at a high-level in the sub-domains of higher-order thinking tendency, reasoning, and problem-solving and at a moderate level in the subdomain of mathematical thinking skill. Pre-service teachers' attitudes for courses in mathematics have a significant moderate relationship with higher order thinking tendency, and reasoning and have a significant and weak relationship with problem-solving.

The role of accounting in conflicts resolution

2019 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zayyad Abdul-Baki
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Mediation Process ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Conflicts Resolution ◽  
The Government ◽  
High Level

Purpose This study aims to examine an alternative use of accounting information and technology (forensic audit) for resolving conflicts between two government agents and consequently enhancing accountability in Nigeria. Design/methodology/approach The study adopts contextualised explanation of case study theorising. Data for the study were gathered from two primary documents: the forensic audit report of PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC) and the report of the Senate Committee on Finance and Appropriation. The theory of mediation is used to illuminate the mediation process and its implication for accountability. Findings The study finds that the mediator (PwC) was able to resolve the dispute using different problem-solving techniques (data gathering and fact finding) of accounting and provide guidance on the necessary steps to be taken to enhance accountability. Whilst the disputants agreed to the audit firm’s findings, further actions to hold relevant parties accountable were not taken by the government. Accounting aids in realising accountability, but it is not the ultimate tool, as it operates within a host of other accountability infrastructures that subvert its impact. Research limitations/implications This study uses a single case to understand the role of accounting in conflicts resolution. Therefore, as a general limitation of a case study design, we do not generalize beyond the case examined in this study. Practical implications The study has implications for accounting practice in developing countries. Firstly, the paper finds that accounting is held in high esteem as having the ability to unravel mysteries through its problem-solving techniques. Secondly, professional accounting firms need to maintain a high level of competence and integrity to sustain this position. Thirdly, accounting can help answer the question “Who should be held accountable?” Originality/value The study examines a novel case of how accounting is used in resolving conflicts in a rare setting and in ensuring accountability over public funds.

scholarly journals The Role of Relational Capital in Anti-Crisis Measures Undertaken by Companies—Conclusions from a Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 780
Author(s):  
Anna Walecka
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Relational Capital ◽  
External Stakeholders ◽  
The Right ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
A Company

The aim of this article was to present the results of empirical research conducted in enterprises of all sizes operating in Poland and Central Europe. The study focused on the impact of relational capital on the prevention of and intervention in the event of a crisis in a company. The author assumes that there is a link between a company’s relational capital and its susceptibility to crisis phenomena. The research carried out allowed different conclusions to be drawn. It turns out that the studied companies were characterized by a high level of relational capital. Their internal relational capital—particularly the relations between employees and company owners—was especially important to them. Relations of the surveyed companies with external stakeholders were also important. In response to the question about the role of relational capital in anti-crisis measures undertaken by companies, it appears that the relational capital of the companies surveyed allowed them, in their opinion, to avoid many crisis situations. Thanks to the right attitudes of the surveyed companies’ stakeholders, they have often managed to avoid crises. This situation also applies to the recent crisis caused by COVID-19.

scholarly journals DIGITAL TOOLS AND PAPER-AND-PENCIL IN SOLVING-AND-EXPRESSING: HOW TECHNOLOGY EXPANDS A STUDENT’S CONCEPTUAL MODEL OF A COVARIATION PROBLEM

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-132
Author(s):  
Hélia Jacinto ◽  
Susana Carreira
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Mathematical Thinking ◽  
Mathematical Problem ◽  
Digital Tools ◽  
Data Collection And Analysis ◽  
Paper And Pencil ◽  
Multiple Sequences ◽  
Mathematical Justification

This study aims at understanding the role of the tools chosen throughout the processes of solving a non-routine mathematical problem and communicating its solution. In assuming that problem-solving is a synchronous activity of mathematization and expression of mathematical thinking we take our proposed Mathematical Problem Solving with Technology (MPST) model to analyze the processes of solving-and-expressing-problems. Resorting to qualitative methods for data collection and analysis, we report on the case of an 8th grader working on a covariation problem to examine the role that paper-and-pencil and digital tools play in the development of a conceptual model of the situation. We found that the resources used throughout the solving-and-expressing activity influenced the depth of the conceptual model developed, within a process of progressive mathematization. Whereas paper-and-pencil led to the emergence of a conceptual model based on exploring particular cases, the digital transformation of the solution was triggered by the process of communicating its mathematical justification and expanded the previous model. Moreover, the complexity of this activity is evidenced by its multiple sequences of processes. Finally, the integration process seems crucial as the concomitant use of technological and mathematical resources precedes major advancements in the expansion of the conceptual model.

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