An Investigation of African American Students' Mathematical Problem Solving

1998 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol E. Malloy ◽  
M. Gail Jones

In this study we examined the problem-solving characteristics, strategy selection and use, and verification actions of 24 African American 8th-grade students. Students participated in individual, talk-aloud problem-solving sessions and were interviewed about their problem solutions and attitudes about learning mathematics. Students displayed approaches attributed to African American learners in the literature, regularly using holistic rather than analytic reasoning; their display of confidence and high self-esteem did not appear to be related to success. Students' problem-solving actions matched previously reported characteristics of good mathematical problem solvers: successful use of strategies, flexibility in approach, use of verification actions, and ability to deal with irrelevant detail. Success was highly correlated with strategy selection and use and moderately correlated with verification actions.

1988 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas B. McLeod

Mathematics students often report feelings of frustration or satisfaction when they work on nonroutine problems. These affective responses are an important factor in problem solving and deserve increased attention in research. Mandler's theory of emotion is suggested as a framework for investigating affective issues in problem solving. Several dimensions of the emotional states of problem solvers are specified, including the magnitude and direction of the emotions, their duration, and the students' level of awareness and level of control of the emotions. The implications of this framework for research on affective issues in problem solving are also discussed.


2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andi Susanto ◽  
Rara Anggun Syaveta

This research is driven by the low level of problem solving ability of 8th grade students of SMPN 2 Lengayang. This study aims to determine the problem-solving ability of mathematics students taught by matrix Missouri mathematics project with a strategy of Think-Talk-Write better than students who use the scientific approach. This research is a quasy experiment research. The population of this research is all students of class VIII SMPN 2 Lengayang, and sampel is this research class VIII.A and class VIII.E. Based on the results of this study obtained the average value of mathematical problem-solving skills of learners who were taught by MMP method with TTW strategy is 76 and the usual learning is 68. After hypothesis testing using t-test, known ttable = 1,64 and tcount = 2,23 with 95% confidence level, this means that this indicates that the accepted hypothesis means the ability to solve mathematical problems of students with MMP with scientific approach.Keyword : Mathematical Problem Solving Skills, Learning Model Type Missouri mathematics project (MMP), and strategy of Think-Talk-Write (TTW)


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-36
Author(s):  
Ali Umar ◽  
Nur Ainun Lubis ◽  
Nurul Qomariyah Ahmad ◽  
Edy Saputra ◽  
Mustafa Kamal Nasution

Problem solving is the main focus in learning mathematics at the primary and secondary school level. Prospective teachers must be prepared as well as possible as problem solvers and problem solving instructors. The purpose of this study was to describe the prospective teacher's ability to make a problem solving question based on category of good mathematical problem solving questions. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative.The research subjects were students of semester VI of the 2019/2020 academic year of the IAIN Takengon Mathematics Education Study Program. Based on the research results, it shows that the subjects in general already understood the theory of problem solving , but this understanding did not always directly proportional to the ability to make a mathematical problem solving question.


Author(s):  
Olive Chapman

In recent years, considerable attention has been given to the knowledge teachers ought to hold for teaching mathematics. Teachers need to hold knowledge of mathematical problem solving for themselves as problem solvers and to help students to become better problem solvers. Thus, a teacher’s knowledge of and for teaching problem solving must be broader than general ability in problem solving. In this article a category-based perspective is used to discuss the types of knowledge that should be included in mathematical problem-solving knowledge for teaching. In particular, what do teachers need to know to teach for problem-solving proficiency? This question is addressed based on a review of the research literature on problem solving in mathematics education. The article discusses the perspective of problem-solving proficiency that framed the review and the findings regarding six categories of knowledge that teachers ought to hold to support students’ development of problem-solving proficiency. It concludes that mathematics problem-solving knowledge for teaching is a complex network of interdependent knowledge. Understanding this interdependence is important to help teachers to hold mathematical problem-solving knowledge for teaching so that it is usable in a meaningful and effective way in supporting problem-solving proficiency in their teaching. The perspective of mathematical problem-solving knowledge for teaching presented in this article can be built on to provide a framework of key knowledge mathematics teachers ought to hold to inform practice-based investigation of it and the design and investigation of learning experiences to help teachers to understand and develop the mathematics knowledge they need to teach for problem-solving proficiency.


1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
Michael G. Mikusa

The curriculum and evaluation Standards for School Mathematics (NCTM 1989) states that one of its five general goals is for all students to become mathematical problem solvers. It recommends that “to develop such abilities, students need to work on problems that may take hours, days, and even weeks to solve” (p. 6). Clearly the authors have not taught my students! When my students first encountered a mathematical problem, they believed that it could be solved simply because it was given to them in our mathematics class. They also “knew” that the technique or process for finding the solution to many problems was to apply a skill or procedure that had been recently taught in class. The goal for most of my students was simply to get an answer. If they ended up with the correct answer, great; if not, they knew that it was “my job” to show them the “proper” way to go about solving the problem.


Author(s):  
Asep Wildan ◽  
Chandra Novtiar

In purpose of learning mathematics exist one aspect must be improved is mathematical problem solving ability. But in fact, a level of students’ ability in pertained to weak. A trigonometry is one of the material which is quite difficult understood students XI grade in SMA ISTIQOMAH Bandung. It is need to be held a solution in learning that is using Problem Based Learning (PBL). This research using the method classroom action research with two cycles, which each cycles has two meetings. At the end of each cycle, students are given a written test in the form of a description. The result of research, show an increase on the mathematical problem solving ability by applying PBL. Seen from the results of the average score on each cycle, pre-cycle results with a score 37, in cycle one the score becomes 69 (42,30%), and in cycle two the score becomes 77 (69,23%).


2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-144
Author(s):  
A. Tatak Handaya Kurniawan ◽  
M. Andy Rudhito

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kemampuan berpikir relasional siswa yang masih rendah. Berpikir relasional menjadi salah satu masalah yang menarik dalam pendidikan matematika. Di dalam penelitian ini akan dikaji kemampuan berpikir relasional siswa dalam mengerjakan soal matematika kontekstual pada Pembelajaran Matematika Realistik (PMR). Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini secara deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian ini dilakukan terhadap siswa kelas VIII SMP Kanisius Sleman dengan topik materi pembelajaran Fungsi Linear. Data proses berpikir relasional siswa diperoleh melalui soal penyelesaian masalah dan analisis penyajian hasil kegiatan siswa. Dari hasil penelitian yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa siswa mengalami kesulitan untuk berpikir relasional dalam menghubungkan antara masalah kontekstual dalam PMR terhadap materi fungsi linear terlebih pada penyajian data menggunakan grafik fungsi. Siswa belum mampu menggunakan grafik untuk menentukan hasil fungsi pada permasalahan kontekstual. Saran yang dapat diberikan dari hasil penelitian ini adalah siswa lebih sering diberikan soal yang ng dapat merangsang siswa untuk dapat berpikir relasional, sehingga siswa mampu menyelesaikan masalah kontekstual dengan nalar dan membuat pembelajaran lebih bermakna.This research based on the students ability in relational thinking which is still low. Thinking relationaly become one of the interesting problems in learning mathematics. This research will discuss students relational thinking ability in doing contextual mathematics problem in Realistic Mathematics Learning. The method which is used in this research is descriptive qualitative. It is done toward 8th grade students of SMP Kanisius Sleman. The topic is Linear Function. The data of relational thinking is obtained through the students problem solving on mathematics and the analysis on students activities result presentation. This research shows that the students got difficulties to think relationaly to correlate contextual problems on learning toward the linear function material prior to data presentation using graph of function. Students are not able to use the graph to the determine the result of function oncontextual problem. From the research, it suggest that students should have been given more problems which stimulate to think relationaly, so that students are able to solve the contextual problem reasonably and make learning more meanigful.


2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (3 Noviembr) ◽  
pp. 73-100
Author(s):  
Nélia Amado ◽  
Susana Carreira

Las emociones aún son insuficientemente investigadas cuando se estudia la experiencia de los jóvenes estudiantes, principalmente en el que concierne a las emociones positivas que implican en la actividad de resolución de problemas. Por otro lado, hay muchos estudios que se relacionan con las dificultades, la ansiedad, la resistencia y la pasividad, a menudo asociadas con el fracaso en las matemáticas. La investigación ha mostrado que la actividad matemática no puede verse estrictamente cognoscitiva y libre de emociones; en el contrario, el sistema afectivo juega un rol central en el aprendizaje de las matemáticas.En este artículo, presentamos resultados de un proyecto de investigación llevado a cabo en el contexto empírico de las competiciones matemáticas inclusivas que se realizan a través de Internet: SUB12 y SUB14. Se presentan y analizan datos de un cuestionario a los participantes, entrevistas abiertas y correos electrónicos intercambiados durante las competiciones. Las conclusiones del estudio señalan que los estudiantes experimentan fuertes emociones positivas, a saber, entusiasmo, alegría, disfrute, orgullo y felicidad, asociadas a un desempeño exitoso en la resolución de problemas matemáticos, como era de esperar. Los resultados también muestran que las emociones negativas frente a ladificultad y el fracaso tienden a ser emociones suaves que parecen ser transitorias y se convierten en emociones positivas. Explicamos estos resultados en función de las características específicas del entorno cultural de estos concursos, es decir, fomentando la búsqueda de ayuda, proporcionando comentarios positivos y dando a los participantes la oportunidad de mejorar. Emotions are still under-researched when exploring the mathematical experience of young students, particularly in what concerns the positive emotions involved in problem solving. On the other hand, there are many studies that deal with difficulties, anxiety, rejection and passivity, often associated with failure in mathematics. Research has shown that mathematical activity cannot be viewed as a strictly cognitive operation in which emotions are not involved; on the contrary, affective systems play a central role in learning mathematics. In this article, we present results from an empirical research project conducted in the context of inclusive mathematical competitions carried out through the Internet: SUB12 and SUB14. Data from a questionnaire, open-ended interviews, and e-mails exchanged during the competitions are presented and analysed. The conclusions of the study reveal students experienced strong positive emotions, namely enthusiasm, joy, enjoyment, pride and happiness, associated with a successful performance in mathematical problem solving, as could be expected. The results also show that negative emotions when it comes to facing difficulty and failure tend to be soft emotions that seem to be transient and turn into positive emotions. We explain these results based on the specific characteristics of the cultural environment of these competitions, namely encouraging help-seeking, providing positive feedback and giving the participants the chance to improve.


Author(s):  
Sinar Depi Harahap

Learning mathematics should be able to improve the abilityand creativity in learning mathematics, especially in solving mathematical problems. To improve theability of anappropriate learning need sand learning mathematical problem submissionis in accordance with the needs of students in facilitating the completion of (solution) of the mathematical problem significantly. To obtain data submission capability math problem students, the research for mulated the problemas follows: (a) How does the ability filing math problems before and after the learning seen from the stage before and during problem solving?,(b) How is the level of complexity of the questions asked of students according to the structure of language and mathematical relationships?, (c) how associations filing capability math problems with the ability of the settlement (solving) the mathematical problem?.To answer this problem conducted experimental research on mathematics semester students majoringin STKIP "Tapanuli Selatan" Padangsidimpuan. Results showed that (a) the ability of the student submission mathematical problemsseen from the stage before and during the settlement of problems inproblem-based learningis quite good, as shown by the large percentage of math questions that can be solved either with new information and without any new information. (b) Differences filing capabilities grade math problems and problem-based learning class conventional learningis significant. (c) the ability filing math problems with the ability of the settlement (solving) the strong association of students of mathematics problems.


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