The Effects of Three Instructional Strategies on Problem-Solving Behaviors in Secondary School Mathematics

1976 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 264-275
Author(s):  
Kenneth E. Vos
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Instructional Strategies ◽  
Instructional Strategy ◽  
Grade Levels ◽  
Problem Situations ◽  
Mathematical Problems ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Private High School ◽  
Problem Solving Behavior

There are a number of behaviors or heuristics that can be identified as important or useful for solving mathematical problems. The study compared three instructional strategies for promoting the selected behaviors of drawing a diagram, approximating and verifying, constructing an algebraic equation, classifying data, and constructing a chart. The experimental setting was six mathematics classes (N=133) across three grade levels (9, 10, 11) at a private high school in Iowa. The research design was a one-factor, randomized complete block with mathematics classes as a blocking variable. Each of the instructional strategies involved working on a problem, but with variations in the placement of, and emphasis on, an implied problem-solving behavior. One instructional strategy involved only exposure to problems while the other two involved an instructional phase. The results indicated that the subjects given instruction on specific behaviors were more likely to exhibit and make effective use of the problem-solving behaviors in new problem situations.

scholarly journals How Indonesian Students Use the Polya’s General Problem Solving Steps

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-48
Author(s):  
Hari Pratikno ◽  
Endah Retnowati
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Mathematics Achievement ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
General Problem ◽  
High Ability ◽  
School Students ◽  
Junior Secondary School ◽  
Junior Secondary ◽  
Mathematical Problems ◽  
Low Ability

General problem-solving steps consist of understanding the problem, developing a plan, implementing the plan and checking the result. The purpose of this study is to explore how well Indonesia junior secondary school students apply these four steps in solving mathematical problems, especially on plane geometry topics. Using a qualitative approach, with a sample of nine students, of which three students were from the low mathematics achievement category, three from the medium and three from the high category, were given a test and instructed to write the answers to each question step by step. The results were described and categorized into four groups. The first group consisted of students who used all of the four steps. The second and the third were for students who used the first three steps or the first two steps respectively. The fourth group was for those who could only show the first step. The study indicated that for this sample the level of mathematic ability corresponded to how the students applied their problem-solving steps. It was found that students with high ability were included in the first group, while those with moderate ability were in the second group. Low ability students were categorized into group four. Nevertheless, there was one student with high ability who did not to do the checking step and there was one student with low ability who was able to develop a plan.

The Use of Feedback in Education: A Complex Instructional Strategy

2011 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 775-784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Langer
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Instructional Strategies ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Instructional Strategy ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Problem Solving Process

The use of feedback to improve students' academic performance involves complex instructional strategies. There are a number of instructional problems within these strategies that may be overlooked. These include the influence of emotional responses, interactions between teacher and student, and levels of cognitive processing involved. Feedback should be viewed as an interactive, empirically driven, problem-solving process.

Links to Literature: Using Representations to Explore Perimeter and Area

2001 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-59
Author(s):  
Patricia S. Moyer
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Word Problems ◽  
Mathematical Problem ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Problem Situation ◽  
Correct Operation ◽  
Problem Situations ◽  
Mathematical Problems ◽  
Mathematical Word Problems ◽  
Computational Processes

In an elementary school classroom, as in real life, the lines between the content areas should be blurred, particularly between mathematical problem solving and mathematical situations contextualized in good literature. For that reason, I always look for interesting books about mathematical situations. Why use children's literature to teach mathematics? A good story often places mathematical problems in the context of familiar situations and is similar to, yet a much more elaborate version of, mathematical word problems. Assertions that children's inability to solve word problems results from their inability to read or to compute effectively simply are not true. The problem is that children do not know how to choose the correct operation or sequence of operations to solve the problem. To solve a problem situation presented in words, children need to be able to connect computational processes with appropriate calculations. Their difficulties lie in the fact that children simply do not understand the mathematics well enough conceptually to make the connection with the problem- solving situation. Using books with authentic problem situations may help children see that learning computation serves a real-life purpose.

scholarly journals THE BASIC SPECIFICITY OF THE ABILITY OF VARIED ENGLISH LANGUAGE CURRICULUMS TO ENHANCE ENGLISH LEARNERS’ CAPACITY TO DEVELOP NECESSARY SKILLS TO COMMUNICATE USING THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 24-33
Author(s):  
Michael Wayne Hendershot ◽  
Nutprapha K. Dennis ◽  
Suchada Chaiwiwattrakul ◽  
Ratirot Phiphitphakdee
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
English Learners ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
English Language ◽  
Native English Speakers ◽  
English Speakers ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Grade Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Effective Use

Inasmuch as the goal of teaching English to non-native English speakers should be focused on enhancing English learners’ ability to develop skills necessary for efficient and effective use of the English language in communication within their daily lives as well as within the context of educational, employment, governmental, and business related issues, the materials and resources used by the teacher to provide said English learners with enhanced ability to develop necessary skills for the use of the English language for efficient and effective communication are of paramount importance. This study was designed as a comparison of English language curriculums between select schools in an effort to determine the effectiveness of the curriculum to enhance students’ abilities to develop skills to be able to effectively and efficiently communicate using the English language. Participants in the study were presented with questions relating to activities of daily life, and conversation thereof, using the English language. The resultant responses to the questions were assessed as to an indication of the participants’ ability to effectively and efficiently communicate using the English language. The comparison involved six grade levels of students from two primary schools and one secondary school. The tabulated results indicated a significant difference in the abilities of the participants to effectively and efficiently communicate using the English language related to curriculums used in schools in which the participants were enrolled at the time of the study.

A Guide to Integrating COTS Games into Your Classroom

2009 ◽  
pp. 179-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Van Eck
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Public Education ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Instructional Strategies ◽  
Real World ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Game Based Learning ◽  
Higher Order Learning ◽  
Commercial Off The Shelf ◽  
Effective Use

Many of the educational outcomes we seek to promote in public education, such as problem solving and critical thinking, are difficult to achieve given the constraints of the real-world classroom. Commercial Off-the-Shelf (COTS) games make excellent tools for addressing both content-based and higher-order learning outcomes, and many educators are exploring their use in the classroom. But making effective use of commercial games in the classroom requires that we understand how games function in relation to the typical instructional strategies and practices of the classroom. The first part of this chapter will examine the theories that underlie the successful integration of commercial games in the classroom and look at an empirically based model, the NTeQ (iNtegrating Technology through inQuiry), for designing lessons that integrate COTS games. This will lay the groundwork for the second part of the chapter in which these theories and the model are discussed in the context of actually designing COTS game-based learning (GBL).

scholarly journals PERILAKU PEMECAHAN MASALAH SISWA DALAM MENYELESAIKAN MASALAH MATEMATIKA KONTEKSTUAL DITINJAU DARI KECEMASAN MATEMATIKA

MATHEdunesa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-154
Author(s):  
Olivia Khufyatul Adhimah ◽  
Rooselyna Ekawati ◽  
Dini Kinati Fardah
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Mathematics Anxiety ◽  
Mathematical Problem ◽  
Direct Translation ◽  
Learning Mathematics ◽  
Mathematical Problems ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Final Answer ◽  
Problem Solving Behavior

Problem solving behavior make further information about behavior of students to understand contextual mathematical problems and their solutions. The different behaviors shown by students to each other shows how to steps, abilities, and understanding of students in solving contextual mathematical problems. It is important for students and teachers to know the problem solving behaviors in order to improve understanding and ability to solve contextual mathematical problems. Mathematics anxiety can influence students in soling mathematical problems. Given the importance of students problem solving behavior in learning mathematics, teachers need to know students problem solving behavior in solving contextual mathematical problems based on mathematics anxiety. This study investigate problem solving behavior of students with low and high mathematical anxiety in solving contextual mathematical problems. Subjects in this study were four students of Junior High School, consists each of the two students from each mathematics anxiety group, low and high. Four students were given contextual mathematical problem solving test to investigate about problem solving behavior. Classification of students mathematics anxiety levels is determined through the mathematics anxiety questionnaire score of each student. The results of this research showed that students problem solving behavior with high mathematics anxiety were categorized in Direct Translation Approach-proficient (DTA-p) dan Direct Translation Approach-not proficient (DTA-np) category. Students behavior with low mathematics anxiety were categorized in the category of Meaning Based Approach-justification (MBA-j). The difference in problem solving behavior from two categories of mathematics anxiety is in re-reading the problem, linking concepts, deciding strategies, using context in calculations and final answer, and providing an explanation at each step of the solution. Students problem solving behavior with low mathematics anxiety was better than students problem solving behavior with high mathematics anxiety.

To Share or Not to Share — How Is the Question!

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-95
Author(s):  
Pamela A. Hagen ◽  
Terra Hooyberg ◽  
Paul Marsden ◽  
Jana Simonski ◽  
Gary Yuen
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Ninth Grade ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Grade Levels ◽  
Problem Solving Task

Can a rich problem-solving task challenge a diverse range of students? How would students across various grade levels, from elementary school to secondary school, respond to the same task? These were the questions five different teachers in different schools wanted to explore in their respective classes, ranging from first grade through ninth grade.

scholarly journals Students’ reflective thinking based on their levels of emotional intelligence in mathematical problem-solving

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-84
Author(s):  
Dwi Priyo Utomo ◽  
Erentrudis Junirestu ◽  
Arif Hidayatul Khusna
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Secondary Students ◽  
Reflective Thinking ◽  
Mathematical Problem ◽  
School Students ◽  
Mathematical Problems ◽  
High Level ◽  
Available Information

[English]: This qualitative research aims to analyze secondary students’ reflective thinking in solving mathematical problems based on their emotional intelligence (EI). It involved four secondary school students selected from twenty-nine students who were given the EI questionnaire. The research instrument was a test and an interview guideline. Data analysis was referred to as Polya's four problem-solving stages integrated with the indicators of reflective thinking. The findings reveal that students with a high level of emotional intelligence can fulfill the whole indicators of reflective thinking. In this case, the students can react to a given situation or problem by carefully understanding the available information, making comparisons between elements to formulate strategies, explaining in detail the steps to solve problems, and doing contemplation in checking step by step and correcting mistakes. Meanwhile, students with mid-levels of emotional intelligence are less reflective in making comparisons between elements to formulate strategies for problem-solving. [Bahasa]: Penelitian kualitatif ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pemikiran reflektif siswa sekolah menengah pertama dalam menyelesaikan masalah matematika berbasis kecerdasan emosional. Subjek penelitian adalah empat siswa, dipilih dari 29 siswa yang mengisi kuesioner. Data dikumpulkan melalui tes dan wawancara kemudian dianalisis dengan merujuk pada empat langkah pemecahan masalah Polya yang diintegrasikan dengan indikator berpikir reflektif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa siswa dengan tingkat kecerdasan emosional tinggi memenuhi semua indikator berpikir reflektif dalam pemecahan masalah. Dalam hal ini, siswa mampu memberikan reaksi pada situasi atau permasalahan yang diberikan dengan memahami secara cermat informasi yang ada, melakukan komparasi antar elemen untuk menyusun strategi, menjelaskan secara rinci langkah memecahkan masalah, melakukan kontemplasi dalam memeriksa langkah demi langkah dan memperbaiki kesalahan. Sedangkan siswa dengan tingkat kecerdasan emosional sedang kurang reflektif dalam melakukan komparasi antar elemen untuk menyusun strategi pemecahan masalah.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document