Phytochemical screening and mosquito larvicidal activity of an Algerian Ruta graveolens hydro-methanolic extracts against Culiseta longiareolata

The antiemetic effect of aqueous and methanolic extracts of R. graveolens in young chicks was investigated. In addition, the phytochemical screening of the test plant and its acute toxicity studies were also conducted. Different doses of the extracts were tested for their antiemetic properties and were compared with the positive control antiemetic drug Chlorpromazine (150 mg/kg), Metoclopramide (50 mg/kg) and an untreated control (normal saline) against copper sulphate and Brassica-induced emesis. The phytochemical screening of R. graveolens showed that it contains certain alkaloids and flavonoids. It was found to be safe up to the dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight. The aqueous extracts in 50 and 150 mg/kg doses produced 41.49% and 66.49% inhibition of emesis, respectively by copper sulphate-induced emesis, while 34.66% and 57.95% inhibition of emesis, respectively by B. campestris-induced emesis. The methanolic extracts of Ruta graveolens in 50 and 150 mg/kg doses produced 46.80% and 70.20% inhibition of emesis, respectively by copper sulphate-induced emesis while 31.95% and 61.94%, respectively in Brassica campestris-induced chick emesis model. These results have suggested R. graveolens possess significant antiemetic properties that implicate its use as traditional medicine to treat emesis. However, further studies are needed to isolate the active principle(s) i.e. flavonoids contained in the plant drug tested and its real safety and efficacy as antiemetic agent.

Download Full-text

Mosquito larvicidal activity of essential oils of Cymbopogon citratus and Thymus vulgaris grown in Cameroon

Planta Medica ◽

10.1055/s-2007-987109 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 73 (09) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

EG Nkouaya Mbanjo ◽

F Tchoumbougnang ◽

PM Jazet Dongmo ◽

ML Sameza ◽

PH Amvam Zollo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oils ◽

Larvicidal Activity ◽

Thymus Vulgaris ◽

Cymbopogon Citratus ◽

Mosquito Larvicidal Activity

Download Full-text

Chemical Compositions, Mosquito Larvicidal and Antimicrobial Activities of Essential Oils from Five Species of Cinnamomum Growing Wild in North Central Vietnam

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules25061303 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (6) ◽

pp. 1303 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Do N. Dai ◽

Nguyen T. Chung ◽

Le T. Huong ◽

Nguyen H. Hung ◽

Dao T.M. Chau ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Larvicidal Activity ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Chemical Compositions ◽

North Central ◽

Mosquito Larvicidal Activity ◽

Central Vietnam ◽

Leaf Essential Oil

Members of the genus Cinnamomum (Lauraceae) have aromatic volatiles in their leaves and bark and some species are commercially important herbs and spices. In this work, the essential oils from five species of Cinnamomum (C. damhaensis, C. longipetiolatum, C. ovatum, C. polyadelphum and C. tonkinense) growing wild in north central Vietnam were obtained by hydrodistillation, analyzed by gas chromatography and screened for antimicrobial and mosquito larvicidal activity. The leaf essential oil of C. tonkinense, rich in β-phellandrene (23.1%) and linalool (32.2%), showed excellent antimicrobial activity (MIC of 32 μg/mL against Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans) and larvicidal activity (24 h LC50 of 17.4 μg/mL on Aedes aegypti and 14.1 μg/mL against Culex quinquefasciatus). Cinnamomum polyadelphum leaf essential oil also showed notable antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria and mosquito larvicidal activity, attributable to relatively high concentrations of neral (11.7%) and geranial (16.6%). Thus, members of the genus Cinnamomum from Vietnam have shown promise as antimicrobial agents and as potential vector control agents for mosquitoes.

Download Full-text