To determine individual specificity and hidden potential of the personality according to external signs of behavior

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1258-1265
Author(s):  
F. S. Soliev ◽  
D. Muminov
Keyword(s):  
Individual Specificity

scholarly journals Neural Embedding-Based Metrics for Pre-retrieval Query Performance Prediction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arabzadehghahyazi Negar
Keyword(s):  
Performance Prediction ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Learning To Rank ◽  
The State ◽  
Test Collection ◽  
Query Performance ◽  
Performance Predictors ◽  
Level Statistics ◽  
Ablation Study ◽  
Individual Specificity

file:///C:/Users/MWF/Downloads/Arabzadehghahyazi, Negar.Pre-retrieval Query Performance Prediction (QPP) methods are oblivious to the performance of the retrieval model as they predict query difficulty prior to observing the set of documents retrieved for the query. Among pre-retrieval query performance predictors, specificity-based metrics investigate how corpus, query and corpus-query level statistics can be used to predict the performance of the query. In this thesis, we explore how neural embeddings can be utilized to define corpus-independent and semantics-aware specificity metrics. Our metrics are based on the intuition that a term that is closely surrounded by other terms in the embedding space is more likely to be specific while a term surrounded by less closely related terms is more likely to be generic. On this basis, we leverage geometric properties between embedded terms to define four groups of metrics: (1) neighborhood-based, (2) graph-based, (3) cluster-based and (4) vector-based metrics. Moreover, we employ learning-to-rank techniques to analyze the importance of individual specificity metrics. To evaluate the proposed metrics, we have curated and publicly share a test collection of term specificity measurements defined based on Wikipedia category hierarchy and DMOZ taxonomy. We report on our extensive experiments on the effectiveness of our metrics through metric comparison, ablation study and comparison against the state-of-the-art baselines. We have shown that our proposed set of pre-retrieval QPP metrics based on the properties of pre-trained neural embeddings are more effective for performance prediction compared to the state-of-the-art methods. We report our findings based on Robust04, ClueWeb09 and Gov2 corpora and their associated TREC topics.

Newborns Crying in Different Contexts: Discrete or Graded Signals?

1998 ◽  
Vol 86 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1123-1140 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Lenti Boero ◽  
C. Bianchi ◽  
C. Volpe ◽  
A. Marcello ◽  
C. Lenti
Keyword(s):  
Time Window ◽  
Interesting Property ◽  
The Other ◽  
Acoustic Features ◽  
Acoustic Parameters ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Human Infants ◽  
Context Type ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Individual Specificity

The aim of this study was to investigate whether human infants' cries show individually and contextually discriminable acoustic parameters. 20 full-term normal human newborns (aged 1 to 4 days) had their cries recorded during routine blood withdrawal (pain context) 30 min. before a scheduled feeding (hunger context) and when subjected to kinetic stimuli during neurological examination (manipulation context). Type of cries, melodic contours, F0 parameters, but not the “macro” trend of the start of the fundamental frequency, indicated a difference in pain cries in the other two contexts. All the acoustic features considered showed an individual specificity. The peak frequencies of voiceless or partially voiced wails had the interesting property of being optimised as long distance signals. We hypothesised that this feature of infants' cries may have evolved in a time window when the infants were left in collective nurseries and not carried on the mothers' backs as maintained by the traditional view.

scholarly journals Structural dissection of a complex Bacteroides ovatus gene locus conferring xyloglucan metabolism in the human gut

Open Biology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 160142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glyn R. Hemsworth ◽  
Andrew J. Thompson ◽  
Judith Stepper ◽  
Łukasz F. Sobala ◽  
Travis Coyle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Binding Proteins ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Human Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Molecular Machinery ◽  
Bacteroides Ovatus ◽  
Biochemical Analyses ◽  
Individual Specificity

The human gastrointestinal tract harbours myriad bacterial species, collectively termed the microbiota, that strongly influence human health. Symbiotic members of our microbiota play a pivotal role in the digestion of complex carbohydrates that are otherwise recalcitrant to assimilation. Indeed, the intrinsic human polysaccharide-degrading enzyme repertoire is limited to various starch-based substrates; more complex polysaccharides demand microbial degradation. Select Bacteroidetes are responsible for the degradation of the ubiquitous vegetable xyloglucans (XyGs), through the concerted action of cohorts of enzymes and glycan-binding proteins encoded by specific xyloglucan utilization loci (XyGULs). Extending recent (meta)genomic, transcriptomic and biochemical analyses, significant questions remain regarding the structural biology of the molecular machinery required for XyG saccharification. Here, we reveal the three-dimensional structures of an α-xylosidase, a β-glucosidase, and two α- l -arabinofuranosidases from the Bacteroides ovatus XyGUL. Aided by bespoke ligand synthesis, our analyses highlight key adaptations in these enzymes that confer individual specificity for xyloglucan side chains and dictate concerted, stepwise disassembly of xyloglucan oligosaccharides. In harness with our recent structural characterization of the vanguard endo-xyloglucanse and cell-surface glycan-binding proteins, the present analysis provides a near-complete structural view of xyloglucan recognition and catalysis by XyGUL proteins.

Note types and coding in parid vocalizations. I: The chick-a-dee call of the black-capped chickadee (Poecile atricapillus)

2004 ◽  
Vol 82 (5) ◽  
pp. 769-779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle Charrier ◽  
Laurie L Bloomfield ◽  
Christopher B Sturdy
Keyword(s):  
Individual Recognition ◽  
Individual Identity ◽  
Acoustic Cues ◽  
Acoustic Features ◽  
Poecile Atricapillus ◽  
Type Composition ◽  
Bioacoustic Analysis ◽  
Perceptual Abilities ◽  
Individual Specificity ◽  
Winter Flocks

The chick-a-dee call of the black-capped chickadee, Poecile atricapillus (L., 1766), consists of four note types and is used in a wide variety of contexts including mild alarm, contact between mates, and for mobilizing members of winter flocks. Because note-type composition varies with context and because birds need to identify flock mates and individuals by their calls, it is important that birds are able to discriminate between note types and birds. Moreover, previous experiments have shown that black-capped chickadees are able to discriminate their four note types, but the acoustical basis of this process is still unknown. Here, we present the results of a bioacoustic analysis that suggests which acoustic features may be controlling the birds' perception of note types and of individual identity. Several acoustic features show high note type and individual specificity, but frequency and frequency modulation cues (in particular, those of the initial part of the note) appear more likely to be used in these processes. However, only future experiments testing the bird's perceptual abilities will determine which acoustic cues in particular are used in the discrimination of note types and in individual recognition.

Individual specificity of the autonomic support of purposive activity in students performing computer-aided tests

2012 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 500-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. D. Dzhebrailova ◽  
R. G. Sulejmanova ◽  
L. I. Ivanova ◽  
L. V. Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided ◽  
Purposive Activity ◽  
Individual Specificity ◽  
Autonomic Support

scholarly journals The human gut virome is highly diverse, stable and individual-specific

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey N. Shkoporov ◽  
Adam G. Clooney ◽  
Thomas D.S. Sutton ◽  
Feargal J. Ryan ◽  
Karen M. Daly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Temporal Stability ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Vast Array ◽  
Bacterial Microbiome ◽  
Viral Communities ◽  
Metagenomic Study ◽  
Individual Specificity ◽  
Taxonomic Annotation

SummaryThe human gut contains a vast array of viruses, mostly bacteriophages. The majority remain uncharacterised and their roles in shaping the gut microbiome and in impacting on human health remain poorly understood. Here we performed a longitudinal focused metagenomic study of faecal bacteriophage populations in healthy adults. Our results reveal high temporal stability and individual specificity of bacteriophage consortia which correlates with the bacterial microbiome. We report the existence of a stable, numerically predominant individual-specific persistent personal virome. Clustering of bacteriophage genomes and de novo taxonomic annotation identified several groups of crAss-like and Microviridae bacteriophages as the most stable colonizers of the human gut. CRISPR-based host prediction highlighted connections between these stable viral communities and highly predominant gut bacterial taxa such as Bacteroides, Prevotella and Faecalibacterium. This study provides insights into the structure of the human gut virome and serves as an important baseline for hypothesis-driven research.

scholarly journals Reconciling the clk-1 and aging paradox and categorizing lifespan curves by taking individual specificity into account

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaguang Ren ◽  
Congjie Zhang ◽  
Wenxuan Guo ◽  
Chao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Growth Retardation ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Coenzyme Q ◽  
Maximum Lifespan ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Average Lifespan ◽  
Extended Lifespan ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Specificity

AbstractThe clk-1 gene encodes the demethoxyubiquinone (DMQ) hydroxylase that is required for biosynthesis of ubiquinone (coenzyme Q). Deletion of clk-1 was lethal in mice, and its mutation in C. elegans mildly extended lifespan, slowed physiological rate and led to sickness. We found that if growth retardation was taken into account the average lifespan of clk-1 mutants would not be prolonged or would be shortened. In addition, recent study showed that knocking down of clk-1 shortened lifespan. Although the extension of lifespan in clk-1 mutants was mild and was not observed sometimes, some progenies indeed had prolonged maximum lifespan even if retardation of growth was taking into account. These paradoxes implicate the existence of individual specificity in the aging process even in the same cohort, just like a drug is beneficial for some people while for others it is detrimental. We further categorized lifespan curves into five kinds of patterns according to the lifespan alternations observed in organisms: N (normal); L (long-lived); S (short-lived); F (flattened); ST (steepened), and found that the curve of clk-1 mutants fit into the F pattern. The reasons behind the individual specificity and its implications in aging process deserves further investigations.

scholarly journals The price consequences of diversification of regional development in Poland

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (48) ◽  
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Przekota ◽  
Agnieszka Lisowska
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
Regression Coefficient ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Specific Nature ◽  
Adverse Conditions ◽  
Income Disparities ◽  
Entire Country ◽  
Individual Specificity

The economic potential of individual regions of Poland is different. Each region has its own individual specificity. Use of the specific nature of a given region is a significant element of managing the country as a whole and individual regions. Occurring imbalances in economic development may cause a lot of adverse conditions, such as internal migration or regional marginalisation. Excessive price and income disparities may consequently result in under mining the economic growth of the entire country. For reason of coherence of the whole country, it is beneficial if disproportions between given regions are not too large. This study focuses on an attempt to identify the price consequences of diversification of regional development in Poland. The analysis drew on coefficient of variation, correlation coefficient, regression coefficient and medium-term rate. It is noted that individual regions are different in terms of the dynamics of economic growth, degree of development and salary level. However, prices are much less diverse.

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