Water productivity, energetics and economics of alternative crops to transplanted rice under different methods of crop establishment

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 500
Author(s):  
A S Brar ◽  
Rajan Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Water Productivity ◽  
Crop Establishment ◽  
Transplanted Rice ◽  
Alternative Crops

scholarly journals Response of Rice Cultivars to Nitrogen Levels under Aerobic and Transplanted Conditions

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Ramulu ◽  
M. D. Reddy ◽  
M. Umadevi ◽  
Y. Sudharani
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Aerobic Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Significant Interaction Effect ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Crop Establishment ◽  
Transplanted Rice ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Plot Design

An experiment on response of rice to nitrogen under aerobic and transplanted conditions was conducted in split-split -plot design with two methods of rice cultivation, seven rice varieties and five nitrogen levels. The grain yield was significantly higher in transplanted rice compared to aerobic rice. Significantly higher grain yield was observed with MTU 1001 and MTU 1010 as compared to IR 64, Tella hamsa and Rajendra and the grain yield in the former two varieities was comaparable with Naveen and Erramallelu. Increase in grain yield with every 100 kg of N ha-1 from 100 kg to 300 kg ha-1 was significant. Significant interaction effect on grain yield was observed due to method of crop establishment, varieties and nitrogen levels. Aerobic rice received 627 mm of irrigation water as compared to 1228 mm in transplanted rice and the mean water productivity was higher under aerobic rice (0.49 kg grain m-3) as compared to transplanted rice (0.31 kg grain m-3).

scholarly journals Crop Residues Management with Different Crop Establishment Methods in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)–Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Cropping System

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Raghubar Sahu ◽  
S. K. Mandal ◽  
K. Sharda ◽  
D. Kumar ◽  
Jubuli Sahu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Residues ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Residue Management ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Residue Removal ◽  
Crop Establishment ◽  
Transplanted Rice ◽  
Residue Retention

A field experiment was conducted during Kharif and rabi seasons of 2015 and 2016 at farmer’s field of Banka District as an On Farm Trial to study the crop residues management with different crop establishment methods in rice (Oryza sativa L.)–wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cropping system. Treatment comprised two levels of crop residue management ie. residue removal and residue retention (33%) and three levels of crop establishment methods ie. (a) conventional puddled transplanted rice fb conventional-till wheat (PTR-CTW), two times ploughing with cultivator followed by two times puddling and one planking was done before the manual transplanting of 21 days old seedling at 20 cm spacing from row to row. After rice harvesting, wheat was sown by broadcasting in conventional tillage plots with two times harrowing with cultivator followed by one planking; (b) unpuddled transplanted rice fb zero-till wheat (UPTR-ZTW): two times ploughing with cultivator followed by planking, after that water is submerged for transplanting and wet tillage was avoided. 21 days old rice seedlings were transplanted at a spacing of 20 x 15 cm. Wheat crop was sown under ZT using zero tillage machines; (c) zero-till direct-seeded rice fb zero-till wheat (ZTDSR-ZTW): direct-seeding of rice was done using zero-till seed-cum-fertilizer drill in ZT-flat plots at 20 cm row spacing. Wheat crop was sown in zero tillage using zero till machine. Rice variety (Rajendra Sweta) was sown directly by zero till in ZTDSR-ZT plots in the first fortnight of June. On the same date, rice seedlings for transplanting were raised in nursery by ‘Wet bed method’. Experiment was conducted in a split plot design which is replicated by thrice. Grain/panicle or spike, panicle or ear length and effective tillers/m2 recorded more in residue retention treatment and it was registered significantly superior with residue removal treatment under crop residue management in rice and wheat crop during both the years of experiment. Amongst crop establishment method, ZTDSR-ZTW was recorded more Grain/panicle or spike, panicle or ear length and effective tillers/m2 and it was significantly superior with UPTR-ZTW and PTR-CTW treatments under crop establishment methods in rice and wheat crop during both the years of experiment. Residues retention (33%) significantly improved the grain yield of both the component crops. For rice crop, 8.2–10.0% higher grain yield was realized with retention of crop residues. Grain and straw yield of rice were registered more in ZTDSR-ZTW (3.86-3.99 t/ha) & (5.56-5.75 t/ha) closely followed by UPTR-ZTW (4.38-4.45 t/ha). Concerning the data of residue management on economics revealed that the residue retention was recorded more gross return, net return as well as B: C ratio followed by residue removal treatment in both years of experimentation for rice and wheat crop and ZTDSR-ZTW was recorded more gross return, net return as well as B: C ratio followed by UPTR-ZTW and PTR-CTW treatments under crop establishment methods in rice and wheat crop during both the years of experiment.

scholarly journals Tillage System, Crop Residue s and Nitrogen to Improve the Productivity of Direct Seeded Rice and Transplanted Rice

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avtar Singh ◽  
Rajneesh Kumar ◽  
J. S. Kang
Keyword(s):  
Crop Residue ◽  
Rooting Depth ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Irrigated Rice ◽  
Crop Establishment ◽  
Transplanted Rice ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Direct Seeded

Rice is grown by different techniques for higher productivity with judicious use of inputs and natural resources. Transplanting of paddy seedlings is common method of crop establishment in the irrigated rice systems of Asia but transplanting is labour intensive (30 persons/ha/day). The preparation of land for transplanting paddy (puddling) consumes about 20-40 % of the total water required for growing of crop and subsequently poses difficulties in seed bed preparation for succeeding wheat crop in rotation. It also promotes the formation of hard pan which effects rooting depth of next crop. So, in this paper discussed the different methods of establishment of rice, sowing of rice in the crop residue of wheat with different tillage systems and use of nitrogen for higher productivity of rice.

scholarly journals Crop Establishment in Direct-Seeded Rice: Traits, Physiology, and Genetics

2021 ◽  
pp. 171-202
Author(s):  
Fergie Ann Quilloy ◽  
Benedick Labaco ◽  
Shalabh Dixit ◽  
Carlos Casal
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Direct Seeding ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Crop Establishment ◽  
Transplanted Rice ◽  
Current Scenario

AbstractThe changing climate and water availability strongly affect the current state of agricultural production. While the global temperature rises, the occurrence of extreme climatic conditions becomes erratic. This current scenario has driven the development of rice varieties and cultivation practices that require less water and favor mechanization. Although puddled transplanted rice has been more widely used in the past, direct seeding has been gaining popularity in recent years, especially due to its water- and labor-saving features. This technique allows full crop establishment from seeds that were directly sown in the field, thus avoiding puddling, transplanting, and maintaining standing water. Consequently, it offers promising positive environmental effects including decreasing the release of greenhouse gases and increasing water-use efficiency. Historically, rice varieties bred for transplanting are also used in direct seeding, which limits the maximum yield potential of field trials. The success of direct seeding relies strongly on the development of rice varieties with robust crop establishment. Anaerobic germination, seed longevity, and early seedling vigor are the key traits required to achieve this. This chapter expounds on the physiology, molecular mechanisms, genetics, and relevance of the enumerated traits for direct seeding. A brief discussion of breeding for rice varieties with improved germination under direct seeding is also provided.

scholarly journals Crop Establishment Method and Irrigation Schedule Effect on Water Productivity, Economics and Yield of Wheat (Triticum aestiuvm L)

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 70-77
Author(s):  
Vipin Kumar Sagar R.K. Naresh ◽  
Vivak Kumar Satendra Kumar ◽  
Saurabh Tyagi Vineet Kumar ◽  
Sunil Kumar Nihal Chandra Mahajan ◽  
Arun Kumar Vikrant Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Productivity ◽  
Irrigation Schedule ◽  
Crop Establishment ◽  
Establishment Method ◽  
Schedule Effect

PARASITISM AND PREDATION OF YELLOW STEM BORER, SCIRPOPHAGA INCERTULAS (WALKER) (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE) EGGS IN TRANSPLANTED AND DIRECT SEEDED RICE

1986 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merle Shepard ◽  
G. S. Arida
Keyword(s):  
Stem Borer ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Scirpophaga Incertulas ◽  
Yellow Stem Borer ◽  
Crop Establishment ◽  
Transplanted Rice ◽  
Egg Parasitism ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae ◽  
Direct Seeded

Incidence of parasitism and predation of yellow stem borer, Scirpophaga incertulas, eggs was monitored in transplanted and direct seeded rice during March, 1984, to February, 1985. Monthly planting using the two crop establishment techniques allowed comparison of egg parasitism and predation at 29, 70, and 91 days after seeding. Parasites which emerged from yellow stem borer eggs were Tetrastichus schoenobii Ferriere, Telenomus rowani (Gahar) and Trichogramma spp. The incidence of parasitism was higher at 29 days after seeding and decreased with crop age in both methods of crop establishment. Contrarily, there was a trend toward more egg mass predation as the crop aged, especially in direct seeded rice. In general, the incidence of parasitism was higher in transplanted rice.

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