scholarly journals Predictors of positive and negative risk-taking in adolescents and young adults: Similarities and differences

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-30
Author(s):  
Joanna Fryt ◽  
Monika Szczygiel
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Personal Growth ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Sensitivity To Reward ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Low Sensitivity

Although the risk-taking can potentially result in positive and negative outcomes, most of the researchers focused on its negative, not positive manifestations. Recently, Duell and Steinberg proposed a framework that clarifies the features of positive risk-taking. Research comparing positive and negative risk-taking increased and new measures have been developed. The presented study was designed to examine how the construct of positive risk-taking differs or overlaps with its opposite, negative risk-taking, and whether both are predicted by the same or different factors. Two hundred fifty eight (258) adolescents and young adults (aged 16-29) participated in the study. We tested self-reported sensitivity to reward and punishment, self-control, tolerance to ambiguity, trait anxiety, and gender as possible predictors of positive and negative risk-taking. We also referred both types of risk-taking to domain-specific risk-taking. We found that positive risk-taking is driven by sensitivity to reward and tolerance to ambiguity, and occurs especially in the social domain. Negative risk-taking is driven by gender, sensitivity to reward and (low) sensitivity to punishment, and occurs in all domains except social. Results indicate that positive risk-taking is chosen for exploration and personal growth by people who look for rewards in the social world and is done in a socially accepted way. Negative risk-taking is chosen by people who are not discouraged by severe negative effects and look for rewards outside existing norms.

scholarly journals Impact of Sexual Transition of Transgendered Adolescents and Young Adults on Social Support Systems in Southern Thailand

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (1-3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumarashwaran Vadevelu
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
The Social ◽  
Southern Thailand ◽  
Social Support Systems ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT This mixed-method study analysed the impact of the transition of transgender adolescents and young adults on their social support systems as well as its consequences in the Provinces of Pattani, Yala, and Narathiwat, Southern Thailand. With the aid of open-ended, semi-structured questionnaires, interviews were conducted focussed on how they had experienced their sexual identity, the levels of their feminine, inner selves, the different ways in which they expressed their femininity, the ages at which they had started transitioning, and the unique consequences of their transitioning in society. Content analysis identified the themes and sub-themes that emerged from the data analysis. The research concluded that transitioning had negative effects on the lives of respondents and on the social support systems which they had relied on for acceptance, recognition, inclusion in society, and for ongoing help in addressing adjustment challenges. The study recommended ways whereby acceptance of and social support for transitioning adolescents and young adults might be advanced.

Transition from Childcare Institutions to Adulthood for Youth: Through the Lens of Identity and Gender

2020 ◽  
pp. 234930032098055
Author(s):  
Garima Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Social Factor ◽  
Smooth Transition ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Youth ◽  
Youth Identity ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Gender

This article explores the transition of youth from childcare institutions as young adults through the lens of youth identity and gender. The research revolves around rethinking the delicate boundaries of adolescence and adulthood for the ‘institutionalised’ youth that is already on the edge of the society. This research tries to understand and decode the experiences of youth, who have lived in the childcare institutions. The childcare institutions reinforce the gender roles through its practices and structure, enabling gaps and challenges for both male and female youth outside the childcare institutions. There is an absence of a strong mechanism, enabling the smooth transition of youth from childcare institutions to adulthood. This results in unprepared young adults for an unplanned transition, fostering several challenges on them as they exit the childcare system. This is a qualitative study. The research includes both male and female youth who have lived in childcare institutions situated in Delhi. The data was collected using semi-structured interviews with the youth. This study finds that youth leaving the childcare institutions are at higher risks of having negative adult outcomes in life. While there is an absolute absence of any body or mechanism to help the youth transit smoothly, childcare institutions reinforce the inferiority and exclusion on a child during the stay period, creating a foundation for youth to perceive the social factor outside the institutions.

The Tinder Games: Collective mobile dating app use and gender conforming behavior

2021 ◽  
pp. 205015792110050
Author(s):  
Sabrina Sobieraj ◽  
Lee Humphreys
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Social Nature ◽  
Dating Apps ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Multi Phase ◽  
Gender Specific

Mobile dating apps like Tinder became very popular among young adults, and, in contrast to mobile dating websites, they were designed to create a more game-like experience. While it is well documented that seeking entertainment is one core motivation for mobile dating app use, the social nature of entertainment has garnered less attention. Therefore, in this paper we draw on research on entertainment in dating apps and the socio-physical contexts of use to identify patterned behaviors of heterosexual users. To do this, we employed a qualitative multi-phase research approach. First, we conducted 20 interviews with mobile dating app users. Based on the findings from that study, we conducted gender-specific focus groups and a discourse analysis to explore the social phenomena identified in phase one. Our findings suggest the fun of mobile dating is not just interacting with potential matches through the apps, but the use of the apps among one’s friends. These “dating games” are entertaining, but importantly mitigate potential social or physical risks of mobile dating. Unsurprisingly, notions of “play” across the interview, focus group, and discourse analyses reflect highly gendered practices surrounding mobile dating apps and different risks associated with such games.

scholarly journals Precision Across Race, Age and Gender of a HIV Risk Screen for Adolescents and Young Adults

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 260-271
Author(s):  
Michiel A. van Zyl ◽  
Christina Studts ◽  
Kathryn Pahl
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Hiv Risk ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
And Gender

scholarly journals Factors associated with sexual orientation and gender disparities in chronic pain among U.S. adolescents and young adults

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 765-772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabra L. Katz-Wise ◽  
Bethany Everett ◽  
Emily A. Scherer ◽  
Holly Gooding ◽  
Carly E. Milliren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Gender Disparities ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
And Gender

165. Non-Medical Body Modification (Body-Mod) Strategies Among Transgender and Gender Diverse (TG/GD) Adolescents and Young Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. S84
Author(s):  
Mai-Anh Tran Ngoc ◽  
Katherine Greenberg ◽  
Paula Amina Alio ◽  
Scott McIntosh ◽  
Constance Baldwin
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Body Modification ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Gender Diverse ◽  
And Gender

LEADERSHIP STYLE AND PERSONALITY OF MOCK JURORS AND THE EFFECT ON SENTENCING DECISIONS

1998 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-424
Author(s):  
Paul M. Valliant ◽  
Jennifer E. Loring
Keyword(s):  
Leadership Styles ◽  
Leadership Style ◽  
Social Presence ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Mock Jurors ◽  
Personality Variables ◽  
Sentencing Decisions ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Criminal Matters

Attitudes toward sentencing decisions were examined in 135 University students. Subjects were administered the Leadership Ability Evaluation (LAE) and the California Psychological Inventory (CPI). They were asked to make sentencing decisions regarding two mock criminal matters. Data were evaluated using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). In comparison to other leadership styles, individuals who had a democratic-cooperative leadership style scored significantly higher on personality variables of good-impression, self-control, tolerance, and achievement via independence than other leadership styles. In the autocratic-aggressive group, males scored much lower on communality than females. The females in the study scored significantly lower than males on social presence, socialization, and good impression. A two way interaction was noted for leadership style and gender for sentencing. Females with a democratic-cooperative leadership style were significantly harsher in sentencing than males from the same group.

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