Effective psychological treatment of adult male sexual offenders

Sexual Offending: Theory, Research, and Prevention ◽

10.5964/sotrap.7473 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 ◽

Author(s):

William L. Marshall

Keyword(s):

Effective Treatment ◽

Sexual Offenders ◽

Treatment Efficacy ◽

Large Scale ◽

Psychological Treatment ◽

Cost Benefit ◽

Treatment Programs ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Recruitment Strategies

This paper describes psychological approaches to the treatment of sexual offenders. The empirically generated principles of effective treatment are outlined followed by the identification of the evidence-based issues that need to be addressed. The established important role of the therapists’ behaviors during treatment is then described along with the effectiveness of recruitment strategies and of tactics aimed at ensuring all entrants complete the program. Meta-analytic reports describing treatment efficacy are considered followed by an outline of the appraisal of the effectiveness of two large scale independent treatment programs. Finally, a brief description of a cost-benefit report indicates that when treatment of sexual offenders effectively reduces re-offense rates, it also saves a considerable amount of taxpayers’ money.

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Delivering Large-Scale and Long-Lasting Implementation of Evidence-Based Treatment Programs

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e636872012-001 ◽

2012 ◽

Author(s):

Dagfinn MoRkrid ThoGersen ◽

Bernadette Christensen

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Treatment Programs ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Evidence Based Treatment

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Evidence-based approaches to comparing the effectiveness of modern cardiology interventions: trends, bias and prospects

Russian Journal of Cardiology ◽

10.15829/1560-4071-2020-4037 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (8) ◽

pp. 4037

Author(s):

S. R. Gilyarevsky ◽

Yu. N. Belenkov

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trials ◽

Clinical Practice ◽

Drug Use ◽

Propensity Score ◽

Observational Studies ◽

Large Scale ◽

Randomized Clinical Trials ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Improved Methods

The article discusses the limitations of the evidence from observational studies. Modern approaches to reducing bias in observational studies are discussed in detail, in particular, propensity score matching, which has become popular in recent years. The main differences between randomized and observational studies are discussed. Arguments against the observational studies and improved methods of analysis to compare the treatments’ effectiveness in clinical practice are presented. The role of observational studies as a source of evidence is discussed. The article points out the validity of performing large-scale prospective observational studies to assess the effects of postmarketing drug use in clinical practice, as well as to obtain data on drug use in patients that differ from those in randomized clinical trials.

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An Overview of Disease Burden, Mechanism, Traditional and Non-traditional Management of Type 2 Diabetes

Journal of Interdisciplinary Medicine ◽

10.2478/jim-2019-0016 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 124-131

Author(s):

Hammad Akram ◽

Fauzia Aslam

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Underlying Mechanism ◽

Alternative Therapies ◽

Treatment Modalities ◽

Sufficient Evidence ◽

High Morbidity ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Extensive Literature ◽

Traditional Management

Abstract Diabetes is a major global health problem leading to high morbidity, mortality, and economic burden. Diabetes is connected to complex social, environmental, and behavioral factors and requires multisectoral evidence-based strategies to reduce its incidence and prevalence. Here we attempt to connect existing diabetes data with the underlying mechanism of the disease, while touching disease processes and traditional management approaches for diabetes and its complications. The major objective of this manuscript is to examine the effect of nontraditional treatment modalities, e.g. non-pharmaceutical interventions, supplements, alternative and integrative therapies etc., on diabetes. We performed an extensive literature search and review using electronic databases (PubMed and Google Scholar) to examine recent and historical diabetes statistics, the underlying mechanism of the disease, traditional treatments, remission possibility, and finally, the role of alternative therapies and supplements in its management. We found that there is no sufficient evidence to make most of the alternative therapies the first line of management and prevention approach for diabetes. Long-term and large-scale studies are needed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of alternative medicine. We feel that this review could urge other health researchers to plan comprehensive studies to examine the role of alternative or newly-identified therapies in diabetes. Also, this information can be useful for diverse health professionals and policymakers in developing and implementing evidence-based strategies.

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Internet Interventions

Promoting Self-Management of Chronic Health Conditions ◽

10.1093/med-psych/9780190606145.003.0021 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 482-496

Author(s):

Gerhard Andersson

Keyword(s):

Psychological Treatment ◽

Chronic Health Conditions ◽

Health Conditions ◽

The Internet ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Modern Information Technology ◽

Internet Interventions ◽

Modern Information ◽

Irritable Bowel

The Internet and modern information technology have had an immense impact on society and healthcare. This chapter describes how the Internet can be used to deliver evidence-based psychological treatment for chronic health conditions, including headaches, irritable bowel syndrome, and insomnia. The practice of Internet-delivered cognitive-behavior therapy is described, including the role of a technology that is constantly changing, with a range of platforms and security considerations. Examples of research are presented. The chapter also discusses problems and hurdles that can be encountered when conducting and implementing Internet interventions. The chapter concludes with some future directions for research and practice.

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A Perspective on the Role of Point-of-Care “Immuno-Triaging” to Optimize COVID-19 Vaccination Distribution in a Time of Scarcity

Frontiers in Public Health ◽

10.3389/fpubh.2021.638316 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Yi Zhang ◽

Angela Rogers ◽

Kari Nadeau ◽

Jun Gu ◽

Samuel Yang

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Large Scale ◽

Point Of Care ◽

Successful Implementation ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Individual Level ◽

Societal Benefit ◽

Decision Making Framework ◽

The Individual

Vaccine bears hope to bring COVID-19 pandemic under control. With limited supply, vaccines must be utilized efficiently to provide protection to those who need it most. Currently, no practical framework has been proposed to ensure fair vaccine allocation at individual level, which is a recognized problem. We propose here an evidence-based decision-making framework for COVID-19 vaccine appropriation that prioritizes vaccine doses to individuals based on their immunological status, or immuno-triaging. To ensure successful implementation of the proposed framework, point-of-care (POC) immunodiagnostic testing is needed to quickly ramp up the testing capability. Considerations for deploying POC immunodiagnostic testing at such a large scale are discussed. We hope that the proposed immunological decision-making framework for evidence-based COVID-19 vaccine appropriation provides an objective approach to ensure fair and efficient utilization of the scarce vaccine resource at the individual level that also maximizes the collective societal benefit.

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OCD and Spectrum Conditions in Older Adults

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195376210.013.0098 ◽

2012 ◽

Author(s):

Cheryl N. Carmin ◽

John E. Calamari ◽

Raymond L. Ownby

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Psychological Treatment ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Cognitive Approach ◽

Treatment Interventions ◽

Pharmacological Management ◽

Cognitive Limitations ◽

Need To Evaluate

Despite its chronic and unremitting nature and impact on quality of life, unlike other of the anxiety disorders, surprisingly little attention has been paid to the epidemiology, descriptive psychopathology, and treatment of OCD and related spectrum conditions in late life. ERP remains the mainstay of evidence-based psychological treatment, as is the use of SRIs for pharmacological management. The need to evaluate older adults and design treatment interventions, taking individual medical and cognitive limitations into account, is discussed. Recent statistical modeling approaches using older adult samples suggest that addressing the role of beliefs about intrusive thoughts, cognitive decline, and aging in general may be important additions to a cognitive approach to OCD treatment that is unique to older adults.

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Risk as a Regulatory Idea

Risk Regulation in the Internal Market ◽

10.1093/oso/9780198732792.003.0002 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 19-46

Author(s):

Maria Weimer

Keyword(s):

Cost Benefit Analysis ◽

Cost Benefit ◽

Dark Side ◽

Epistemic Authority ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Risk Regulation ◽

Bright Side ◽

Science And Risk ◽

Risk Discourse

This chapter discusses the ideational foundations of risk and its implications for regulation. It begins with an overview of the risk discourse, focusing in particular on the ‘bright’ and ‘dark’ sides of risk. On its ‘bright’ side, risk is viewed as an achievement of modernity; on its ‘dark’ side, it is described as a new technological and potentially uncontrollable hazard. The chapter then considers the roles played by risk in regulation and explains the distinction between regulation and risk regulation, along with the challenges posed by risk to public regulation. It also examines the contestability of risk and how risk differs from uncertainty, as well as the role of science and risk management principles in stabilizing risk regulation, taking into account the use of the precautionary principle and cost-benefit analysis. Finally, it analyses the rational–instrumental model of evidence-based regulation that distinguishes epistemic authority from governance authority in risk regulation.

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From evidence-informed to evidence-based: the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision

Evidence-Based Skills in Criminal Justice ◽

10.1332/policypress/9781447332961.003.0009 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

James Bonta ◽

Guy Bourgon ◽

Tanya Rugge

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Probation Officers ◽

Treatment Programs ◽

Community Supervision ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Training Initiative ◽

Rnr Model ◽

Development Evaluation ◽

Strategic Training ◽

Offender Assessment

The Risk-Need-Responsivity (RNR) Model of offender assessment and rehabilitation is one of the mostly widely used paradigms for the design and delivery of offender treatment programs. However, there has been relatively little research on providing RNR-informed services by front-line correctional staff. The Strategic Training Initiative in Community Corrections (STICS) is the first RNR-based intervention that trains probation officers to use the RNR principles in the everyday supervision of offenders. This chapter describes the development, evaluation, and application of STICS in community supervision. Special attention is given to issues faced during large-scale implementation of the STICS model and the generalizability of the model. The chapter ends with a description of the influence of STICS on international developments in providing evidence-based community supervision.

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