scholarly journals Groundwater quality and underground flow in southern Amazon, Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 206-217
Author(s):  
Josilena De Jesus Laureano ◽  
Caryne Ferreira Ramos ◽  
Daíse Da Silva Lopes ◽  
Lindolaine Machado de Sousa ◽  
Maria Cristina Nery do Nascimento Recktenvald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Large Range ◽  
Domestic Sewage ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Total Coliforms ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Underground Flow

The aim of this study was to evaluate the physical, chemical and microbiological groundwater parameters as well as the mapping of groundwater flow in an urban area of Presidente Médici county in Rondônia State, Southern Amazon. The water samples were collected in 11 wells in April and June of 2017, which corresponds to the dry season in the studied region. Groundwater was acidic, with a large range of nutrients concentration, low turbidity and presence of fecal coliforms in most sampled wells. The parameters that were in disagreement with Consolidation Ordinance No 05/2017/MS and CONAMA no 396/08 Resolution, were pH, turbidity, total coliforms, Escherichia coli, and nitrate. Regarding the microbiological parameter, most of the sampling sites were in disagreement with the established by the legislation that it recommends to be absent in 100mL, when it is destined for human consumption. Densities found were higher than 112,000UFC/100mL for total coliforms and higher than 56,000UFC/100mL for Escherichia coli. The pH ranged from 4.1 to 6.4, and the turbidity showed a maximum value of 6.7 uT. The nitrate concentrations were above the established level (10 mg.L-1) in April in 72.7%, and in June 50% of the wells, with a maximum of 48.5 mg.L-1. The study of the direction of the underground flow demonstrated the predominance of the flow towards the nearest river, as well as potential contributors of microbiological influences. The results indicate contamination of the groundwater by domestic sewage, being proved by the presence of coliforms and nitrate, being the water unfit for human consumption without adequate treatment.

Análise Microbiológica da Qualidade das Águas do Rio Cuiabá Perímetro Urbano, a Partir de 4 Pontos de Amostragem

UNICIÊNCIAS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Waléria Finicia de Oliveira ◽  
Osvaldo Borges Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Biological Indicators ◽  
Domestic Sewage ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
River Waters ◽  
Sampling Points ◽  
Microbiological Parameters ◽  
Quality Water ◽  
Consequent Increase

A ocupação eminentemente urbana dos municípios resultou em um incremento da demanda nos diversos usos das águas do rio Cuiabá e consequente aumento das cargas orgânicas, de nutrientes e de coliformes gerados pelos esgotos domésticos. As microbacias hidrográficas, com vegetação natural remanescente, são áreas muito importantes para manter o abastecimento de água de boa qualidade. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar análises microbiológicas da qualidade da água do rio Cuiabá, especificamente no perímetro urbano, a partir de quatro pontos de amostragem, usando os parâmetros microbiológicos, a fim de quantificar Coliformes Totais e Escherichia coli. Foram feitas quatro coletas em pontos aleatórios, uma em 03/11/2014 e as outras três em 22/10/2015. Os resultados obtidos, nas análises feitas com as amostras, apontou como impróprio para o consumo humano, conforme a Resolução nº 357/05 do CONAMA.Palavras-chaves: Qualidade da Água. Bioindicadores, Escherichia coli.AbstratThe eminently urban occupation of the municipalities resulted in an increase in the demand for the different uses of the Cuiabá river waters and consequent increase in the organic loads, nutrients and coliforms generated by domestic sewage. The waters and consequent increase in the organic loads, nutrients and coliforms generated by domestic sewage. Thehydrographic basins with remaining natural vegetation arevery important areas to maintain the supply of  good quality water. The objective of this work was to perform microbiological analyzes of the water quality, specifically at the urban perimeter, from 04 Sampling Points, using the microbiological parameters, in order to quantify Total Coliformes and Escherichia coli. Four collections were performed, one for each point, the first on November 3rd, 2014, another on October 22nd, 2015. The results obtained from the analyses performed with the samples, pointed as inadequate for human consumption, according to Resolution number 357/05 of CONAMA.Keywords: Water Quality. Biological Indicators. Escherichia coli

Investigation of the microbial quality and the occurrence of Shiga-like-toxin-producingEscherichia coliand methicillin resistantStaphylococcus aureusin traditional cheeses produced in northwest of Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 407-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Yousefi ◽  
Maryam Farshidi ◽  
Mahmood Alizadeh Sani ◽  
Laleh Payahoo ◽  
Ali Ehsani
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Microbial Quality ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Total Coliforms ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Northwest Of Iran ◽  
Pcr Method

PurposeThis paper aims to evaluate the microbial quality of some traditional cheese samples (sheep, cow and koopeh cheeses) consumed in northwest of Iran, and to detect Shiga-like-toxin-producingEscherichia coli(STEC) and methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) in cheese samples by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method.Design/methodology/approachAlmost half of the project was based on counting the population of Staphylococcus aureus, total coliforms, Escherichia coli, and total aerobic mesophilic bacteria, also the other section was related to the isolation and the detection of the STEC and MRSA in cheese samples. The findings were compared with standard maximum and threshold values.FindingsThe results revealed that 36.99, 30.14 and 100% of cheeses exceeded the standard threshold value ofE. coli(102), total coliforms (104) andS. aureus(102). However, total coliforms, in any of the cheese samples examined, did not reach the maximum value and only 24.66% of samples exceeded the maximum value ofE. coli. Also, no significant difference (p> 0.05) in counts of each bacterial group examined in sheep, cow and koopeh cheeses was observed. The colony PCR method demonstrated the existence of 19 MRSA and 2 STEC isolates.Originality/valueThis research showed a general overview of the bacterial quality of cheeses in northwest of Iran.

scholarly journals Microbiological Quality Assessment of Frozen Fish and Fish Processing Materials from Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sohana Al Sanjee ◽  
Md. Ekramul Karim
Keyword(s):  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Fish Processing ◽  
Fish Pathogens ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Total Coliforms

The present study aims at the microbiological analysis of export oriented frozen fishes, namely, Jew fish, Tongue Sole fish, Cuttle fish, Ribbon fish, Queen fish, and fish processing water and ice from a view of public health safety and international trade. Microbiological analysis includes the determination of total viable aerobic count by standard plate count method and enumeration of total coliforms and fecal coliforms by most probable number method. The presence of specific fish pathogens such asSalmonellaspp. andVibrio choleraewere also investigated. The TVAC of all the samples was estimated below5×105 cfu/g whereas the total coliforms and fecal coliforms count were found below 100 MPN/g and 10 MPN/g, respectively, which meet the acceptable limit specified by International Commission of Microbiological Specification for Food. The microbiological analysis of water and ice also complies with the specifications havingTVAC<20 cfu/mL, and total coliforms and fecal coliforms count were below the limit detection of the MPN method. Specific fish pathogens such asSalmonellasp. andV. choleraewere found absent in all the samples under the investigation. From this study, it can be concluded that the investigated frozen fishes were eligible for export purpose and also safe for human consumption.

scholarly journals MICROBIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF HYDRIC RESOURCES PROVIDED BY THE TIETÊ RIVER, DISTRICT OF VITORIANA, BOTUCATU, SP, BRAZIL

2006 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-286
Author(s):  
T.A.F. Corrêa ◽  
V.L.M. Rall ◽  
M.G. Silva ◽  
C.A.M. Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Total Coliforms ◽  
Tietê River ◽  
Recreational Use

ABSTRACT Water, fundamental to the existence of mankind, demands the attention of competent authorities since its contamination could become a vehicle for transmission of infectious diseases. Thus the present work aimed to investigate the presence of fecal and total coliforms in water samples taken from wells, a lake and both the margin and channel of the Tiete River, Barra Bonita Dam, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil. The necessity of investigation arose by virtue of a high gastrenteritis index detected in the population that utilizes these hydric resources. The most probable number (MPN) of fecal and total coliforms was determined for 168 water samples through the method of multiple tubes. The results showed that only 42% of the samples collected in 4 wells investigated were considered of good quality for human consumption, by not presenting fecal coliforms in 100 mL of water, according to Decree Nº 518 de 25/103/2004. Regarding suitability for bathing/recreational use, according to CONAMA Resolution 357 of 17/03/2005, it was observed that in the locations investigated, only 10% of the samples analyzed were considered inappropriate for bathing and 90% of the remainder were considered satisfactory.

scholarly journals Hygienic-sanitary quality in milk and cheese sold clandestinely in the municipality of Sinop - Mato Grosso, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
R. H. R. Pena ◽  
F. Freitas ◽  
B. G. Castro
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Pathogenic Potential ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Total Coliforms ◽  
Intestinal Origin ◽  
Thermotolerant Coliforms

Dairy products such as raw milk and artisanal cheeses are marketed in open markets and directly at home throughout Brazil, even with prohibitions in Brazilian legislation, leading in many cases to the production of food without hygienic conditions that can be configured as an important source transmission of pathogens and, consequently, a danger to public health. Escherichia coli is an agent of intestinal origin and, in addition to some strains possess pathogenic potential, its presence in the food indicates inadequate hygienic practices. This study aimed to evaluate the hygienic-sanitary quality of these products to determine if they are suitable for human consumption. Eight samples of milk and eight cheese sold clandestinely in the municipality of Sinop in the State of Mato Grosso were analyzed. All of them were submitted to the Most Likely Number Test (NMP) for the detection of Total and Thermotolerant Coliforms, isolation in Methylene Blue Eosin Agar (EMB) and identification of Escherichia coli by means of biochemical tests. Among the 8 milk samples, 62.5% (5/8) presented levels of Thermotolerant Coliform than allowed by the legislation and 87.5% (7/8) above the levels allowed for Total Coliforms. Among the 8 cheese samples, 50% (4/8) presented values higher than that allowed for Thermotolerant Coliforms and 87.5% (7/8) for Total Coliforms. Of the 80 colonies initially isolated from raw milk and cheese samples, 56.25% (45/80) presented Escherichia coli characteristics. The great majority of the analyzed samples demonstrate a low hygienic-sanitary quality being considered possible sources of pathogens to the consuming population.

scholarly journals QUALIDADE DA ÁGUA EM ÁREAS RURAIS: Análise bacteriológica e físico-química das águas dos tanques de pedra das comunidades KM 21 (Campina Grande) e Pedra Redonda (Pocinhos) (Water quality in rural areas: bacteriological and physical-chemical analysis...)

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1737
Author(s):  
Laíse Do Nascimento Cabral ◽  
Sérgio Murilo Santos de Araújo
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Microbiological Parameters

Nesse trabalho, foi analisada a qualidade da água em níveis bacteriológicos para consumo humano e demais usos em reservatórios denominados Tanques de Pedra nas comunidades rurais do Semiárido Paraibano: KM 21, Campina Grande (Agreste paraibano)-PB, e Pedra Redonda (Curimataú paraibano), Pocinhos-PB. Como critério de escolha das comunidades, considerou-se a importância dos reservatórios para a população, haja vista serem o principal reservatório para captação de água da chuva e armazenamento. A qualidade da água foi analisada a partir de sete coletas com a determinação dos parâmetros físico-químicos e microbiológicos. A metodologia aplicada foi o método enzimático de substrato definido Colilert. Para as análises físico-químicas, utilizou-se 24 parâmetros identificados pelo Valor Máximo Permissível (VMP). Os resultados, para parâmetros microbiológicos e físico-químicos, estão fundamentados na Portaria 2914/11 do Ministério da Saúde. Utilizou-se registro fotográfico para obtenção de imagens dos reservatórios. Os resultados mostraram que a qualidade da água das comunidades encontrava-se comprometida, tendo em vista que se encontrava infectada nos níveis bacteriológicos (Escherichia coli e Coliformes totais) e físico-químicos para cor e turbidez, sendo estes parâmetros utilizados para consumo humano. Assim, concluiu-se que, nos casos da utilização do recurso hídrico para usos múltiplos da água, pode haver utilização, porém com algumas restrições. Por fim, é válido destacar que os tanques de pedra são o maior provedor de água para as famílias de ambas as comunidades, por este motivo a análise da qualidade da água deu-se para este tipo de reservatório dado a sua importância aquífera e social.    A B S T R A C T In this study, the water quality was analyzed for bacteriological levels for human consumption and other uses in so-called reservoirs Stone Tanks in rural communities Paraibano Semi-Arid: KM 21, Campina Grande (Agreste Paraibano)-PB, and Pedra Redonda (Curimataú Paraibano), Pocinhos-PB. As a criterion of choice of the communities, it considered the importance of reservoirs for the population, given as the primary reservoir for capturing rainwater and storage. The water quality was analyzed from seven collections with the determination of physical, chemical and microbiological parameters. The methodology applied was the enzymatic method of substrate defined Colilert. For the physico-chemical analysis, we used 24 parameters identified by the Maximum Permissible Value (MPV). The results for microbiological and physico-chemical parameters are based on the Ministry of Health Ordinance 2914/11. We used photographic record to obtain images of the reservoirs. The results showed that the water quality of communities found compromised, considering that was infected in the bacteriological level (Escherichia coli and Coliforms totals) and physico-chemical for color and turbidity, these parameters being used for human consumption. Thus, it was concluded that in cases where the use of water resources for multiple uses water can be used, but with some restrictions. Finally, it is worth noting that the stone tanks are the largest water provider for the families of both communities, for this reason the analysis of water quality was given for this type of reservoir given its importance aquifer and social. Keywords: Water resources; Sustainability; water management; Agreste of Paraíba; Brazilian semiarid.   

scholarly journals Seasonal variation in the physicochemical and bacteriological qualities of well water in two sub-divisions of Moundou city (Southern Chad, Central Africa)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 332-345
Author(s):  
Jaïrus Dionkas ◽  
Antipas Ban-bo Bebanto ◽  
Naré Bongo Ngandolo ◽  
Mian-Oudanang Kossou ◽  
Serge Hubert Zébazé Togouet
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Contamination Rate ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Total Coliforms

This study were carried out from May 2019 to July 2020 with the aimed of evaluating the physicochemical and bacteriological quality of well water in the City of Moundou (Chad). The physicochemical analysis showed that, the water from wells in the two sub-divisions were of very poor quality with an average concentration in Suspended Solids (SS) 30.73 ± 2 1.72 mg.L-1, a Turbidity of 11.10 ± 13.34 FTU, the Electrical Conductivity of 1625.9 ± 1398.6, a Total hardness of 1693.1 ± 1198.2 mg.L-1, Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5) of 167.67 ± 60, 28 mg.L-1, the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) 605.93 ± 259.98 mg.L-1 and organic matter 3.75 ± 2.40 mg.L-1. The contamination rate (% non-compliance) of the water points indicates that, during the rainy season the wells were moderately contaminated. Salmonella spp and Escherichia coli induced 29% and 14% respectively, of samples which did not comply with the WHO evaluation criteria (0 germ/mL). As for Total Coliforms and Fecal Coliforms, they were 93% non-compliant each time in the well water samples analyzed. During the dry season, the wells were heavily contaminated with Salmonella spp, Escherichia coli, Total Coliforms and Fecal Coliforms induced approximately 100% of samples were not conform to the criteria of the WHO (0 germ/mL). These waters are therefore not safe for direct consumption without treatment.

Enumeration of Total Coliforms, Fecal Coliforms, and Escherichia coli in Foods by Hydrophobic Grid Membrane Filter: Supplementary Report

1984 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 811-812
Author(s):  
Phyllis Entis
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Membrane Filter ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Filter Method ◽  
Total Coliforms ◽  
The Media ◽  
Aoac Method ◽  
Membrane Filter Method

Abstract Raw, comminuted poultry meat was used to determine the specificity of the media and incubation conditions used in the hydrophobic grid membrane filter method. Confirmation rates for target colonies were 100% for total coliforms, 98% for fecal coliforms, and 97-99% for Escherichia coli. The results of total coliform enumeration in 30 pasteurized milk samples by both the hydrophobic grid membrane filter method and AOAC method 46.013-46.016 are also reported.

Enumeration of Total Coliforms, Fecal Coliforms, and Escherichia coli in Foods by Hydrophobic Grid Membrane Filter: Collaborative Study

1984 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 812-823
Author(s):  
Phyllis Entis ◽  
◽  
B Bennett ◽  
M H Brodsky ◽  
D M Burgener ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Membrane Filter ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Black Pepper ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Filter Method ◽  
Total Coliforms ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Membrane Filter Method

Abstract A collaborative study was conducted in 18 laboratories to assess the performance of the hydrophobic grid membrane filter method against that of the AOAC official first action method 46.013-46.016 for enumerating total and fecal coliforms and Escherichia coli. The study was carried out on frozen breaded fish, raw comminuted poultry, unroasted walnut pieces, ground black pepper, and cheddar cheese. The hydrophobic grid membrane filter method recovered significantly larger numbers of target bacteria in 7 of the food/analysis combinations: fecal coliforms in fish; E. coli in poultry; fecal coliforms and E. coli in walnuts; and total coliforms, fecal coliforms and E. coli in black pepper. Random error (Sr2) associated with the hydrophobic grid membrane filter method was significantly lower than that of the reference method in over 30% of the paired sample series. The hydrophobic grid membrane filter method for total coliform, fecal coliform, and E. coli enumeration in foods has been adopted official first action.

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