OBTAINING HIGH QUALITY LITHIUM CARBONATE  FROM NATURAL LITHIUM-CONTAINING BRINES

The aim of this work is to develop a new effective technology for producing high-quality lithium carbonate from natural lithium-containing brines. Freshly deposited aluminum hydroxide was used to separate lithium from the trace amounts of sodium and calcium. It was found that the completeness of lithium extraction from brines purified from magnesium depends on the sorbent dosage, phase contact time, mineralization, pH, and brine temperature. To extract lithium from brines with a mineralization of less than 100 g/dm3, it is necessary to introduce 4 mol of aluminum hydroxide per 1 mol of lithium in the brine. For brines with a mineralization greater than 200 g/dm3, the consumption of the sorbent providing the extraction of lithium more than 96% is 2.5 mol of aluminum hydroxide. Desorption of lithium chloride from lithium-aluminum concentrate is carried out by processing 4-5 canopies of concentrate in a Soxlet type apparatus with the same volume of distilled water. The resulting concentrated solution of lithium chloride is purified from calcium impurities in contact with a saturated solution of lithium carbonate. From a heated aqueous solution of lithium chloride purified from calcium impurities, lithium carbonate is precipitated by dosing a stoichiometric amount of a saturated solution of sodium carbonate into it. The precipitate of lithium carbonate is separated from the mother solution, washed with three portions of a saturated solution of lithium carbonate at a ratio of solid to liquid by weight equal to one to five, in order of decreasing the concentration of sodium in each portion of the wash water. The dried product contains at least 99.6% Li2CO3.

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Analysis of Mixtures of Gamma Lithium Aluminate, Lithium Aluminum Carbonate Hydroxide Hydrate, and Lithium Carbonate

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-496-159 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 496 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. T. Nemeth ◽

R. B. Ford ◽

T. A. Taylor

Keyword(s):

Ceramic Powder ◽

Lithium Carbonate ◽

Lithium Aluminum ◽

Carbonate Content ◽

Lithium Aluminate ◽

Molten Carbonate ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Carbonate Hydroxide ◽

Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells ◽

Hydroxide Hydrate

ABSTRACTLithium aluminate, LiA1O2is a ceramic powder which is used as the porous solid support for the electrolyte in molten carbonate fuel cells (MCFCs). It has previously been reported that gamma LiAlO2will convert to lithium aluminum carbonate hydroxide hydrate, Li2Al4(CO3)(OH)123H2O and Li2CO3when exposed to water vapor and carbon dioxide. We compare three techniques, weight gain, carbonate content and x-ray diffraction to measure the amount of conversion. The reaction may involve amorphous intermediates and no one technique by itself is satisfactory to study the conversion.

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Mechanically Stimulated Thermal Synthesis of Lithium Pentaaluminate from Lithium Carbonate and Aluminum Hydroxide

Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry ◽

10.1134/s1070427217100056 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 90 (10) ◽

pp. 1586-1591 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

V. P. Isupov ◽

N. V. Eremina ◽

I. A. Borodulina

Keyword(s):

Aluminum Hydroxide ◽

Lithium Carbonate ◽

Thermal Synthesis

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ChemInform Abstract: ELECTROLYTIC LITHIUM CHLORIDE PRECIPITATION FROM LITHIUM CHLORIDE-POTASSIUM CHLORIDE MELT IN POROUS LITHIUM-ALUMINUM ANODES

Chemischer Informationsdienst ◽

10.1002/chin.198413023 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 15 (13) ◽

Author(s):

C. E. VALLET ◽

D. E. HEATHERLY ◽

L. JUN. HEATHERLY ◽

J. BRAUNSTEIN

Keyword(s):

Potassium Chloride ◽

Lithium Chloride ◽

Lithium Aluminum ◽

Chloride Melt

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Solution Chemistry

Chemistry in Quantitative Language ◽

10.1093/oso/9780195367997.003.0017 ◽

2009 ◽

Author(s):

Christopher O. Oriakhi

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solution ◽

Single Phase ◽

Homogeneous Solution ◽

Maximum Amount ◽

Solution Chemistry ◽

Saturated Solution ◽

Appreciable Amount ◽

Supersaturated Solution ◽

Sugar Solution ◽

Concentrated Solution

A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances. It is usually made up of a solute and a solvent. Generally, Solute+Solvent = Solution A solute is any substance that is dissolved in a solvent. For example, when granulated sugar dissolves in water to give a clear sugar solution, the sugar is the solute, while water is the solvent. Relative to the solvent, a solute is usually present in small amounts. A solvent is any substance in which a solute dissolves. It is usually the part of the solution that is present in the largest amount. Two liquids are said to be miscible if they form a single phase (homogeneous solution) or dissolve in each other in all proportions. For example, ethanol and water are miscible. If two liquids do not form a single phase (or do not dissolve in each other) in any appreciable amount, they are said to be immiscible. For example, water and oil are immiscible. When mixed, they separate into two distinct layers. Substances that are only slightly soluble in a given solvent are said to be insoluble. An aqueous solution is one in which water is the solvent. A dilute solution is one that contains a small amount of solute compared to the maximum amount the solvent can dissolve at that temperature. A concentrated solution is one that contains a large amount of solute compared to the maximum amount the solvent can dissolve at that temperature. A saturated solution is one that is in equilibrium with undissolved solute at a given temperature and pressure: Solute(solid) ⇌ Solute(dissolved) In other words, it contains the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved at that particular temperature. An unsaturated solution contains less solute than the maximum amount (saturated solution) possible at the same temperature. A supersaturated solution is a solution that contains more solute than the saturated solution at the same temperature. This type of solution is very unstable. When it is agitated, or a speck of the solute is added to it, the excess solute will begin to crystallize out rapidly from the solution until the concentration becomes equal to that of the saturated solution.

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Granulocyte function during lithium therapy

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v53.5.913.913 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 53 (5) ◽

pp. 913-915 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

MS Cohen ◽

B Zakhireh ◽

JA Metcalf ◽

RK Root

Keyword(s):

Lithium Chloride ◽

Functional Capacity ◽

Lithium Carbonate ◽

Neutrophil Function ◽

Lithium Therapy ◽

Potential Utility ◽

Random Migration ◽

Healthy Donors ◽

Granulocyte Function

Abstract Random migration, chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and bactericidal ability of neutrophils from 5 patients receiving lithium carbonate were compared with those of neutrophils from healthy donors. These cells functioned normally in all respects. Neither sera from patients receiving lithium carbonate nor the addition of lithium chloride to control cells in vitro significantly altered their functional capacity. These findings suggest that neutrophil function in patients receiving lithium therapy is preserved, and they support the potential utility of this drug as a leukopoietic agent in neutropenic states.

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ChemInform Abstract: STUDY OF THE FORMATION OF β-LITHIUM-ALUMINUM ALLOY BY ELECTROCHEMICAL TECHNIQUES IN MOLTEN LITHIUM CHLORIDE + POTASSIUM CHLORIDE

Chemischer Informationsdienst ◽

10.1002/chin.198549021 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 16 (49) ◽

Author(s):

F. LANTELME

Keyword(s):

Aluminum Alloy ◽

Potassium Chloride ◽

Lithium Chloride ◽

Electrochemical Techniques ◽

Lithium Aluminum ◽

Molten Lithium

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Processing of Hydro-Mineral Lithium Raw Material of Kazakhstan Using Inorganic Sorbents

Solid State Phenomena ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.316.643 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 316 ◽

pp. 643-648

Author(s):

Zaure B. Karshigina ◽

Zinesh S. Abisheva ◽

Yelena G. Bochevskaya

Keyword(s):

Manganese Oxide ◽

Aluminum Hydroxide ◽

Aluminum Chloride ◽

Chloride Solution ◽

Solution Concentration ◽

Holding Time ◽

Raw Material ◽

Molar Ratio ◽

Lithium Aluminum ◽

Research Results

The article presents the results of studies on recovery of lithium from reservoir brines using both commercial and synthesized aluminum hydroxide and hydrated manganese oxide as sorbents. The research results showed that, when using commercial aluminum hydroxide and synthesized hydrated manganese oxide as sorbents, lithium recovery from brine was 21.8 and 20.1%, respectively. Studies were conducted on lithium chemisorption on freshly precipitated aluminum hydroxide, which was obtained by adding aluminum chloride solution and tri-calcium hydro-aluminate to the brine. Chemisorption of lithium was carried out under the following conditions: T = 50 °C; AlCl3 solution concentration - 120 g/dm3; molar ratio Li/Al = 7; pH equal = 8.0-8.8; holding time with stirring 1 h. The degree of lithium extraction from brine was 71%; lithium capacity of freshly precipitated Al (OH)3 was 5.9 mg/g. During calcareous leaching of lithium-aluminum precipitate, lithium was extracted into a solution by 74.7%.

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