scholarly journals Influence of presowing irradiation of seeds on the salt tolerance of chickpea

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-158
Author(s):  
E. S. Jafarov ◽  
M. Z. Velijanova ◽  
J. R. Orujova
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L ◽  
Seed Irradiation ◽  
Different Doses

Aim. The aim of the research was to study the influence of salt stress on the growth and development of chickpea, whose seeds were irradiated at different doses before sowing. The physiological state of the investigated plant is evaluated on the basis of the functioning of the antioxidant enzymes of the protection system. Methods. The methods developed by Kumar, Knovles and Nakano, Assad was used to determine the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Results. It is shown that under the conditions of salt stress, antioxidant enzymes function, to some extent, interconnected and coordinated. Conclusions. It is assumed that the survival of chickpea seedlings in salt conditions is ensured by the coordinated work of the antioxidant defense system.Keywords: Cicer arietinum L., presowing seed irradiation, salt stress, antioxidant enzymes.

scholarly journals Variations in leaf gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence and membrane potential of Medicago sativa root cortex cells exposed to increased salinity: The role of the antioxidant potential in salt tolerance

2018 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 413-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Farissi ◽  
Mohammed Mouradi ◽  
Omar Farssi ◽  
Abdelaziz Bouizgaren ◽  
Cherki Ghoulam
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Membrane Potential ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Root Cortex ◽  
Root Cortex Cells

Salinity is one of the most serious agricultural problems that adversely affects growth and productivity of pasture crops such as alfalfa. In this study, the effects of salinity on some ecophysiological and biochemical criteria associated with salt tolerance were assessed in two Moroccan alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) populations, Taf 1 and Tata. The experiment was conducted in a hydro-aeroponic system containing nutrient solutions, with the addition of NaCl at concentrations of 100 and 200 mM. The salt stress was applied for a month. Several traits in relation to salt tolerance, such as plant dry biomass, relative water content, leaf gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence, nutrient uptake, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes, were analyzed at the end of the experiment. The membrane potential was measured in root cortex cells of plants grown with or without NaCl treatment during a week. The results indicated that under salt stress, plant growth and all of the studied physiological and biochemical traits were significantly decreased, except for malondialdehyde and H2O2 contents, which were found to be increased under salt stress. Depolarization of membrane root cortex cells with the increase in external NaCl concentration was noted, irrespective of the growth conditions. The Tata population was more tolerant to high salinity (200 mM NaCl) and its tolerance was associated with the ability of plants to maintain adequate levels of the studied parameters and their ability to overcome oxidative stress by the induction of antioxidant enzymes, such as guaiacol peroxidase, catalase and superoxide dismutase.

Dryland field validation of genotypic variation in salt tolerance of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) determined under controlled conditions

2022 ◽  
Vol 276 ◽  
pp. 108392
Author(s):  
Neil C. Turner ◽  
John Quealy ◽  
Katia Stefanova ◽  
Jiayin Pang ◽  
Timothy D. Colmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Field Validation ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L ◽  
Controlled Conditions

scholarly journals Salt Stress Delayed Flowering and Reduced Reproductive Success of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), A Response Associated with Na+ Accumulation in Leaves

2015 ◽  
Vol 202 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Pushpavalli ◽  
J. Quealy ◽  
T. D. Colmer ◽  
N. C. Turner ◽  
K. H. M. Siddique ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L ◽  
Delayed Flowering

scholarly journals The integration of activity in saline environments: problems and perspectives

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
pp. 759 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Cheeseman
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Saline Environments ◽  
Lethal Shock ◽  
Whole Transcriptome Analysis ◽  
Whole Transcriptome

The successful integration of activity in saline environments requires flexibility of responses at all levels, from genes to life cycles. Because plants are complex systems, there is no ‘best’ or ‘optimal’ solution and with respect to salt, glycophytes and halophytes are only the ends of a continuum of responses and possibilities. In this review, I briefly examine seven major aspects of plant function and their responses to salinity including transporters, secondary stresses, carbon acquisition and allocation, water and transpiration, growth and development, reproduction, and cytosolic function and ‘integrity’. I conclude that new approaches are needed to move towards understanding either organismal integration or ‘salt tolerance’, especially cessation of protocols dependent on sudden, often lethal, shock treatments and the embracing of systems level resources. Some of the tools needed to understand the integration of activity and even ‘salt stress’ are already in hand, such as those for whole-transcriptome analysis. Others, ranging from discovery studies of the nature of the cytosol to expanded tool kits for proteomic, metabolomic and epigenomic studies, still need to be further developed. After resurrecting the distinction between applied stress and the resultant strain and noting that with respect to salinity, the strain is manifest in changes at all -omic levels, I conclude that it should be possible to model and quantify stress responses.

scholarly journals Effect of degree of salinity on seed germination and initial growth of chickpea (Cicer arietinum)

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. O. Lavrenko ◽  
N. M. Lavrenko ◽  
P. V. Lykhovyd
Keyword(s):  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Significant Suppression ◽  
Considerable Decrease ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L ◽  
Nacl Concentration

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is one of the main pulse crops cultivated mostly in the arid and semi-arid regions of the world, very often on saline lands. The problem is that it has not been clearly determined yet what is the safe salinity degree for obtaining uniform and vigorous sprouts of the crop without significant suppression in the parameters of initial growth and development. The goal of our study was to determine the effect of different NaCl concentrations in solutions on chickpea germination and initial growth to determine the safe degree of salinity for the crop cultivation. The study was carried out in greenhouse conditions of Kherson State Agrarian University. We studied the effect of five different gradually increasing degrees of NaCl solutions on the germination percentage and initial growth of chickpea (variety Rosanna, kabuli type) that was germinated in laboratory conditions in flasks filled with sand, at the temperature of 25 oC. A significant decrease in all the studied parameters was observed with the increase of salinity degree. However, we think that a considerable decrease of the crop germination and initial growth started with NaCl concentration of 1.79 g/L: germination percentage decreased by 33.9%, plant height – by 7.8 cm, root length – by 5.5 cm in comparison to the control variant (not saline conditions). Therefore, we conclude that the chickpea can be efficiently cultivated on slightly-saline lands. Besides, the results of linear regression analysis revealed that the most susceptible stage of chickpea growth and development is germination because this stage had strong close inter-connection with the degree of salinity. Further growth of the crop was less affected by the salinity stress. We recommend cultivation of chickpea on the saline lands only with a slight salinity level.

scholarly journals Induced mutagenesis in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum (L.) with special reference to the frequency and spectrum of chlorophyll mutations

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Umavathi ◽  
L. Mullainathan
Keyword(s):  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Ethyl Methane Sulphonate ◽  
Ethyl Methane ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L ◽  
Chlorophyll Mutations ◽  
Methane Sulphonate ◽  
Chlorophyll Mutants ◽  
Induced Mutagenesis ◽  
Different Doses

A relative study of frequency and spectrum of chlorophyll mutations induced by mutagens in M2 generation was made with chickpea (Cicer arietinum (L). Variety ‘CO-4’. The treatments include different doses/concentrations of Gamma rays (20, 30, 40, 50 and 60kR) and Ethyl Methane Sulphonate (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 mM). From the study, the overall frequencies and spectrum of five types of induced chlorophyll mutants Viridis (0.55), Xantha (0.46), Chlorina (0.45), Albina (0.43) and Tigrina (0.35) were observed. The frequency of chlorophyll mutation was increased with increasing concentrations up to a level, beyond it declined in both the mutagens. And the chlorophyll frequency was found in the order of viridis > xantha >chlorina> Albina >tigrina. The chemical mutagen, EMS was found to be more effective in inducing chlorophyll mutations than gamma rays in Chick pea.

scholarly journals Melatonin Application Improves Salt Tolerance of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) by Enhancing Antioxidant Capacity

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huifang Cen ◽  
Tingting Wang ◽  
Huayue Liu ◽  
Danyang Tian ◽  
Yunwei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Salt Resistance ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
Waterlogging Tolerance ◽  
Alfalfa Seed ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
Medicago Sativa L

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is an important and widely cultivated forage grass. The productivity and forage quality of alfalfa are severely affected by salt stress. Melatonin is a bioactive molecule with versatile physiological functions and plays important roles in response to various biotic and abiotic stresses. Melatonin has been proven efficient in improving alfalfa drought and waterlogging tolerance in recent studies. In our reports, we applied melatonin exogenously to explore the effects of melatonin on alfalfa growth and salt resistance. The results demonstrated that melatonin application promoted alfalfa seed germination and seedling growth, and reduced oxidative damage under salt stress. Further application research found that melatonin alleviated salt injury in alfalfa plants under salt stress. The electrolyte leakage, malondialdehyde (MDA) content and H2O2 content were significantly reduced, and the activities of catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD) were increased with melatonin pretreatment compared to control plants under salt stress with the upregulation of genes related to melatonin and antioxidant enzymes biosynthesis. Melatonin was also involved in reducing Na+ accumulation in alfalfa plants. Our study indicates that melatonin plays a primary role as an antioxidant in scavenging H2O2 and enhancing activities of antioxidant enzymes to improve the salt tolerance of alfalfa plants.

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