CHEMICAL STUDY OF FATTY ACIDS WITH ANTITUMOR ACTIVITY ISOLATED FROM FUNGAL MYCELIA

The increasing volume of consumption of probiotics and functional food products requires determination of standardized criteria for cultures and their exometabolites used in functional products manufacturing. The study was aimed at developing criteria for the estimation and standardization of exometabolites and the colony-forming ability of probiotic strains for functional food production. The work included such microbiological and physicochemical methods as GC-MS, GPC, UV, and FT-IR-spectroscopy. Based on the results of the study, the comparative analysis of the microbiological properties of probiotic Bifidobacterium strains was provided, the fatty acid composition of the cell wall was described, and the physical and chemical study of the exopolymers produced by them was carried out. According to the data of FT-IR- spectroscopy, the characteristic features of the components of the cell wall of Bifidobacterium strains were established. Bifidobacteria form the unique composition of organophosphorus structures of lipoteichoic acids, which determines the adhesive ability of strains. The authors studied the molecular weight distribution of the samples of exometabolites isolated from the nutrient medium after the cultivation of bifidobacteria, under conditions of gel-permeation chromatography. The spectral (UV, FT-IR) characteristics of the produced metabolites and their chromatographic fractions were compared. The fatty acids of the Bifidobacterium cell membrane were analyzed using the GC/MS method. The fatty acids were extracted from bacterial cells with different hydrophobicity with a mixture of chloroform and hexane. It has been established that the hydrophobicity is determined by different contents of unsaturated and branched fatty acids in the bacterial membrane. Hydrophobic bifidobacteria are the only that contain the isopentadecane (isoC15:0) and methyl-tetradecanoic (13Me-C14:0) acids. With the mean hydrophobicity, a high content of the isopalmitic (isoC16:0) and stearic (C18:0) acids was established. Low-hydrophobic strains are characterized by a low content of monounsaturated fatty acids.

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STUDIES ON THE IN VITRO ANTITUMOR ACTIVITY OF FATTY ACIDS: II. SATURATED DICARBOXYLIC ACIDS

Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology ◽

10.1139/o60-073 ◽

1960 ◽

Vol 38 (6) ◽

pp. 597-603 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Joseph F. Morgan ◽

Susan Tolnai ◽

Gordon F. Townsend

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Antitumor Activity ◽

Royal Jelly ◽

Dicarboxylic Acids ◽

Ehrlich Carcinoma ◽

Decenoic Acid ◽

Fatty Acid Chain ◽

Transplantable Leukemia ◽

Akr Mice

Previous studies, which showed that 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid from royal jelly possessed in vitro antitumor activity, have been extended to saturated dicarboxylic fatty acids. Seven of eight compounds tested in a series of chain length from C3 to C10 completely prevented the development of the ascites forms of the 6C3HED lymphosarcoma, the Ehrlich carcinoma, and the TA3 mammary carcinoma, as well as the transplantable leukemia of AKR mice. This in vitro antitumor activity could be demonstrated only at pH values below 5.0 and required admixture of the tumor cells and test compounds prior to inoculation of the mice. In general, the antitumor activity of the saturated dicarboxylic acids was found to increase progressively with increasing length of the fatty acid chain.

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STUDIES ON THE IN VITRO ANTITUMOR ACTIVITY OF FATTY ACIDS: V. UNSATURATED ACIDS

Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology ◽

10.1139/o62-098 ◽

1962 ◽

Vol 40 (7) ◽

pp. 869-875 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Susan Tolnai ◽

Joseph F. Morgan

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Antitumor Activity ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Relative Effectiveness ◽

Carbon Chain ◽

Ehrlich Carcinoma ◽

Carbon Chain Length ◽

Ascites Tumors ◽

Arachidonic Acids

Previous studies on the in vitro antitumor activity of saturated mono- and dicarboxylic fatty acids have been extended to a series of unsaturated fatty acids ranging in carbon chain length from C6to C20- All 10 compounds tested exhibited some activity at pH 4.0 against the ascites forms of the Ehrlich carcinoma, 6C3HED lymphosarcoma, and TA3mammary carcinoma. Only three compounds (2-decenoic, linoleic, and linolenic acids) were found to be active at neutrality against all three tumors, while four compounds (2-nonenoic, 10-undecenoic, oleic, and arachidonic acids) were active against one or two tumors under neutral conditions. Considerable variations were encountered in the relative effectiveness of these compounds against the three ascites tumors. The compounds with the most marked in vitro antitumor activity were linoleic and linolenic acids.

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STUDIES ON THE IN VITRO ANTITUMOR ACTIVITY OF FATTY ACIDS: III. SATURATED MONOCARBOXYLIC ACIDS

Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology ◽

10.1139/o61-072 ◽

1961 ◽

Vol 39 (4) ◽

pp. 713-719 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Susan Tolnai ◽

Joseph F. Morgan

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Antitumor Activity ◽

Royal Jelly ◽

Decanoic Acid ◽

Carbon Chain ◽

Ehrlich Carcinoma ◽

Carbon Chain Length ◽

Monocarboxylic Acids ◽

Ph Conditions

Previous studies on the in vitro antitumor activity of 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid from royal jelly and of saturated dibasic fatty acids have been extended to a series of saturated monocarboxylic acids ranging from C3to C18. A widespread ability to inhibit the development of the ascites forms of the 6C3HED lymphosarcoma, Ehrlich carcinoma, and TA3mammary carcinoma has been found under acid pH conditions. In general, the antitumor activity of the saturated monocarboxylic acids was most pronounced in compounds with a carbon chain length of C8to C14. One member of this series, capric (decanoic) acid, was found to possess marked antitumor activity at physiological pH.

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A chemical study of soft fat in cross-bred pigs

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859600022899 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 74 (2) ◽

pp. 279-289 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

C. H. Lea ◽

P. A. T. Swoboda ◽

D. P. Gatherum

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Melting Point ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Chemical Study ◽

Carbon Chain ◽

Dietary Lipid ◽

Carbon Chain Length ◽

Chemical Index ◽

Iodine Values ◽

The Relationship

SUMMARYIodine values, melting (slip) points and fatty acid analyses for back (‘bung’) and perinephric (kidney) fats from 114 pure and cross-bred pigs are reported.In most cases the effects of breed were small, but half-Hampshire crosses showed a high proportion of pigs producing abnormally soft and highly unsaturated fats, though others were normal.Although a general correlation existed between iodine value and melting-point the relationship broke down in some cases, and the ratio of monoene to saturated fatty acids of carbon chain length 16 and 18 is suggested as a better chemical index of softness due to causes other than dietary lipid.

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Aphid Antifeedant Fatty Acids from an Endophytic Fungus Trichoderma sp. EFI671

10.20944/preprints201911.0251.v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Nutan Kaushik ◽

Carmen E. Diaz ◽

Hemraj Chhipa ◽

L. Fernando Julio ◽

Maria Fe Andres ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Pearl Millet ◽

Endophytic Fungus ◽

Plant Pathogens ◽

Insect Pests ◽

Culture Media ◽

Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽

Chemical Study ◽

Growth Media ◽

Solid Media

Increasing pesticide resistance in plant pathogens is major concern in agriculture production. Research on ecofriendly alternatives of chemical pesticides are more in demand in pesticide industry. In the current study, an ethyl acetate extract from the endophytic fungus Trichoderma sp. EFI 671, isolated from the stem parts of the medicinal plant Laurus sp., was screened for bioactivity against plant pathogens (Fusarium graminearum, Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Botrytis cinerea), insect pests (Spodoptera littoralis, Myzus persicae, Rhopalosiphum padi) and plant parasites (Meloidogyne javanica). The bioactive components have been characterized following a bioassay-guided isolation against M. persicae. The chemical study of this bioactive extract resulted in the isolation of 1-oleoyl-2-linoleoyl-3-palmitoylglycerol (1), eburicol (2), (24R)-stigmast-4-ene-3-one or β-sitostenone (3), ergosterol (4) and ergosterol peroxide (5). The free fatty acids present in compound 1 (oleic, linoleic and palmitic) showed strong dose-dependent aphid antifeedant effects against M. persicae. Liquid (PDB, and SDB) and solid (corn, sorghum, pearl millet and rice) growth media were tested in order to optimize the yield and bioactivity of the fungal extracts. Pearl millet and corn gave the highest extract yields. All the extracts from these solid media had strong effects against M. persicae with sorghum being the most active. Corn increased the content in linolenic, pearl millet the oleic and stearic and sorghum oleic and linolenic acids compared to rice. Their antifeedant effects correlated with linoleic /oleic acids. The phytotoxic effects of these extracts against Lolium perenne and Lactuca sativa varied with culture media, with sorghum being the least toxic.

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