Pigments photosynthétiques, enzymes antioxydantes et potentiel osmotique foliaire de dix génotypes de blé dur (Triticum durum) : effet du stress hydrique

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-24
Author(s):  
Karima Bouchemal ◽  
Ryma Bouldjadj ◽  
Mohamed Nadir Belbekri ◽  
Nadia Ykhlef ◽  
Abdelhamid Djekoun

L’ajustement osmotique, les pigments photosynthétiques et les changements d’activités des antioxydants enzymatiques ont été évalués chez dix génotypes de blé dur (Triticum durum) soumis à des conditions de stress hydrique. Les plantules de blé ont germé en hydroponie, en chambre de culture. Le stress hydrique a été appliqué aux quatrième et cinquième stades de la feuille par l’ajout d’une solution de polyéthylène glycol (PEG 6000) (-0,49 MPa). Le potentiel osmotique ainsi que la teneur en chlorophylle totale (Chl a+b) et en caroténoïdes (Car) ont été déterminés. Des analyses électrophorétiques ont été effectuées pour trois enzymes antioxydantes, soit la superoxyde dismutase (SOD), la guaïacol peroxydase (GPOX) et la catalase (CAT), en utilisant l’électrophorèse sur gel de polyacrylamide (PAGE) en conditions natives. Les résultats obtenus montrent une réduction du potentiel osmotique foliaire et une diminution de Chl a+b et Car sous l’effet du stress hydrique. Toutefois, il existe des différences significatives entre les génotypes étudiés en réponse au traitement imposé. PAGE a permis de montrer une augmentation dans l’intensité des enzymes étudiées et une apparition d’isoformes supplémentaires, dont une de CAT et trois de SOD, en conditions de stress. Ces différences dans les réponses au stress hydrique pourraient être des indices utiles et fiables pour la sélection de génotypes tolérants de blé dur.

2018 ◽  
Vol 1093 ◽  
pp. 012005
Author(s):  
Sunaryono ◽  
Kormil Saputra ◽  
Rosabiela Irfa Andina ◽  
Nurul Hidayat ◽  
Ahmad Taufiq ◽  
...  

2011 ◽  
Vol 474-476 ◽  
pp. 36-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Dong Sun ◽  
Xin Zheng Li ◽  
He Lian Yang ◽  
Li Sun

The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of seed priming techniques on germination characteristics of C. maxima Duch. cultivar (Beiguan). Treatments were combinations of 3 levels of priming (distilled water, NaCl and PEG6000) and non-priming (control) with 3 replications. Concentrations of NaCl solution were 50, 100, 150, 200 mmol•L-1, and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 were 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, respectively. Seeds were primed using the above priming materials for 24 hours at 20°C in the dark, respectively. The results showed that different priming techniques could have various effects on germination of Beiguan seeds. Hydropriming (distilled water), NaCl priming and PEG6000 priming (10%) all improved the germination characteristics of Beiguan, compared to the control. NaCl priming was more effective than hydropriming and PEG6000 priming and was the most successful technique in this study. These findings indicated that seed priming techniques could accelerate germination process and were simple and cheap, we should propose these methods to farmers.


2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 59-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Reza ROUHI ◽  
Reza Tavakkol AFSHARI ◽  
Seyed Amir MOOSAVI ◽  
Mohammad Hossain GHARINEH

Previous studies suggested that fast and uniform germination is important for good crop establishment. The present study was conducted to investigate the possibility of increasing germination characteristics by seed priming techniques. An experiment was conducted with three replicates and two treatments including: 2 different priming duration (8 and 12 hours) and 6 osmotic potential of PEG 6000 solutions (-0.8, -1,-1.2,-1.4,-1.6 Mpa) and distilled water as a control group). The priming solutions were prepared using polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG). Our results showed that the most effective osmotic potential in improving germination characteristics of Trifolium alexandrium is -0.8 MPa for 16 hours.


Author(s):  
Md. Shahidul Islam ◽  
Rasheda Akter Lucky

The poor aqueous solubility of the drug exhibits in variable dissolution rate and hence poor bioavailability. Aceclofenac is poorly water soluble drug. The aim of the present study was to improve the water solubility and the dissolution rate of Aceclofenac by solid dispersion technique using different water soluble polymers. The term solid dispersions refer to the dispersions of one or more active ingredients in an inert carrier or matrix at solid state. In this study, binary solid dispersion of Aceclofenac were prepared by fusion method using Polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG 6000), Polyethylene glycol 4000 (PEG 4000), Poloxamer as carrier. Different drug-carrier weight ratio was used for this study. The effect of the carrier on the solubility and in-vitro dissolution were studied. It was found the drug was released 26.86% after 5 minutes and only 40.19% within 60 mins from active Aceclofenac on the other hand the release pattern of Aceclofenac from the binary SD formulation containing PEG 6000 in 1:5 ratio (Formulation coding: A5) showed the best result in comparison of other binary and ternary SD formulations which was 62.29% after 5 min and 83.03% within 60 mins. The hydrophilic polymers used for the preparation of solid dispersion are showed significant increase in the solubility of Aceclofenac.


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