‘There are as many Tassos as there are Hamlets’: representations of Tasso’s life in England

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Prominent Feature ◽  
Romantic Poet ◽  
Late Eighteenth ◽  
Biographical Account ◽  
Eighteenth And Nineteenth Centuries ◽  
The Many

During the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, attention in England focused increasingly on the troubled life of the poet, who came to be regarded as ‘a prototype of the Romantic poet, loving passionately but hopelessly and above his station, ...chained in a lunatic’s cell’. In the fifth chapter the second principal strand of this study traces and analyses the development of such views about Tasso himself, from the earliest English biographical account by Henry Layng in 1748 to the last at the start of the twentieth century. It also examines the many imaginative engagements with aspects of the poet’s legendary biography, such as his apparent madness and prolonged imprisonment in Ferrara as a result of his supposed love for Leonora d’Este, the Duke’s sister, which were to become a prominent feature of English and European responses to him in the nineteenth century. It focuses particularly on Lord Byron’s impassioned ventriloquisation of the Italian poet’s voice in The Lament of Tasso (1817).

The Abominables

2019 ◽  
pp. 27-52
Author(s):  
Marco Pinfari
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
French Revolution ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Irish Nationalism ◽  
Late Eighteenth ◽  
Rule Breaking ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Eighteenth And Nineteenth Centuries ◽  
The Many ◽  
Reign Of Terror

This chapter explores the use of monster metaphors in framing “terrorist” actors since the French Revolution. While acknowledging that these metaphors effectively present the “terrorist” as an abject “other,” it argues that the main purpose of the use of monster imagery in framing “terrorists” is to highlight their unmanageability, which may be instrumental in securing popular backing for specific types of rule-breaking behavior in counterterrorism. It presents these arguments while reviewing examples drawn from the origins of modern terrorism in the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. These include the gorgon Medusa, which appears for instance in relation to Robespierre’s “Reign of Terror,” and the many-headed hydra—one of the oldest metaphors for representing unruly behavior that proves unmanageable. It then introduces another type of unmanageable monster that would become particularly popular to frame terrorists—Frankenstein’s monster—and its use in the late nineteenth century to frame Irish nationalism.

The Opium Wars

Jazz in China ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
Eugene Marlow
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Eastern Coast ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Late Eighteenth Century ◽  
Late Eighteenth ◽  
Unrestricted Access ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Many ◽  
Opium Wars

In the late 1910s, 1920s, and even into the 1930s, “jazz” was the music of the age in the Republic of China, especially and primarily in Shanghai on China's east coast. It was enjoyed equally by sophisticated Chinese gentry and upper-class people in the many dance halls dotting various parts of Shanghai, and by the many Europeans, Russians, and Americans living and working in the so-called “Paris of the East.” These same foreigners also owned pieces of Shanghai, literally. This chapter asks how several foreign nations came to own sections of Shanghai, and have unrestricted access to numerous key ports throughout China's eastern coast? The answer to these questions can be found in a conflict initially between the British (and ultimately the French, Russians, and Americans) and the Chinese in the mid-nineteenth century: the Opium Wars, two wars that had roots in late eighteenth-century China.

scholarly journals The urge to begin anew: Visions of America in some American long poems

Literator ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-110
Author(s):  
T. Ullyatt
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Leaves Of Grass ◽  
Philip Freneau ◽  
Late Eighteenth ◽  
Historical Importance ◽  
Basic Purpose ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Long Poems

The basic purpose of this article is to survey the visions of America embodied in a number of American long poems from different literary periods. Since there have been a considerable number of long poems written in America during its almost 350-year history, it has been necessary to make some stringent selections. The texts used here have been chosen for their literary-historical importance. Starting with Michael Wigglesworth's 1662 poem, The Day of Doom, the article proceeds to the work of Joel Barlow and, to a lesser extent, Philip Freneau from the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries before approaching Walt Whitman’s Leaves of Grass from the late nineteenth century, and Alien Ginsberg's poem. Howl, from the mid-twentieth century.

The Growth of the Population of the World's Pre-eminent “Primate City”: Bangkok at its Bicentenary

1984 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry Sternstein
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Rate Of Growth ◽  
The Many ◽  
The City

When Bangkok was named the capital of Siam it held an inconsiderable population of some fifty thousand. Now, two hundred years later, this capital city boasts some five million residents. A prodigious population increase, indeed: a hundredfold gain generated by an ever-increasing rate of growth, which, after gathering momentum only gradually during the greater part of the nineteenth century, rose rapidly around the turn of this century and has since soared. The foregoing compendious description is shown on Figure I as the curve which charts the march of the population of the built-up area of the city. I have calculated this particular population by reworking the numbers reported at particular times by certain “eyewitnesses”. Since the turn of this century, the “eyewitnesses” have been censuses and registration counts for administrative areas; earlier “witnesses” are the postal census of 1882 and the considered estimate of the population of the city proper in 1822 by the “very trustworthy” Dr John Crawfurd, Head-of-Mission to the Courts of Siam and Cochin China deputised by the Governor-General of India. I have forsaken all the many other pre-twentieth century eyewitness estimates of the population of Bangkok. Why?

scholarly journals Between Warrior Brother and Veiled Sister

2008 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-128
Author(s):  
Minoo Derayeh
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Vantage Point ◽  
Nation State ◽  
Political Movements ◽  
Islamic Fundamentalism ◽  
Global Media ◽  
Colonial Modernity ◽  
Late Eighteenth ◽  
The Veil ◽  
The Many

This book examines the construction of gender and patriarchy in Iran duringthe onset of modernity, the Islamic revolution of 1979, and the post-revolutionera. Among the many works published by prominent scholars of Islamand Iranian women’s studies, Minoo Moallem’s investigation of the constructionof gender by neo-colonial modernity and political movements of anationalist or fundamentalist orientation deserves special attention.Inspired by Michel Foucault as well as Caren Kaplan and InderpalGrewal, Moallem incorporates a post-modern and a transnational feministapproach by arguing that post-modernity should be used as a framework tostudy the growth of modernity (p. 20). Challenging the popular belief thatfundamentalism is a return to the roots and early periods of a tradition or aculture, she finds it “in dialogue with modernity” (p. 13) and thus arguesthat the Islamic fundamentalism observed in the twentieth century is a postmodernizationphenomenon; in her words, “a by-product of the process ofmodernization” (ibid.). Nevertheless, she does not actually consider fundamentalismto be a truly post-modern phenomenon, since it does not respectthe “concept of difference,” as is the case with nationalism.Moallem questions the stereotypes presented by the travelers and foreigndiplomats of the late-eighteenth to early-twentieth centuries concerningthe harem, the veil, women, and so on. She challenges their vantage point increating “otherness” and portraying Islam as barbaric. Although manyworks deal with women, patriarchy, and the construction of gender under thePahlavis, the author offers a new reading and shows how the two rulers’forceful steps in the name of modernization and progress led to the establishmentof a nation-state in which each individual – man or woman – wassocialized to perform his/her role according to the “natural and social divisionof labour” (p. 74).Her work is timely, especially now when Islamic fundamentalism isdefined and analyzed by the politics of power through the global media. Inthe case or jihad, for instance, the author states that for fundamentalists, andmore specifically in Ayatullah Khomeini’s view, there are two types of jihad: ...

scholarly journals Fantasy Flowers and Mysterious Cities: Winter Carl Hansson and Dalecarlian Folk Art circa 1800

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 169
Author(s):  
Barbro Klein
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Folk Art ◽  
Profound Impact ◽  
Common Features ◽  
Late Eighteenth Century ◽  
Social Concerns ◽  
Late Eighteenth ◽  
The Many

During the late eighteenth century, folk art developed in new and intriguing ways in several Scandinavian regions. This essay concentrates on the developments around Lake Siljan in Dalarna, primarily as they were expressed by Winter Carl Hansson, one of the most accomplished of the artists. In his renditions of biblical topics such as the Workers in the Vineyard and the Descent from the Cross, one may observe a skilful blending of religious mystery and mundane life, as well as complex contrasts between floral arrangements and imposing cities. Through his remarkable ability to enhance common features of Dalecarlian folk art, this unschooled artist communicates striking powers of presence. Ultimately, the new artistic energies - in works by Winter Carl and others - must be understood in light of the influence of the many printed texts and images that were then available. Thus, to the extent that a general breakthrough into new cultural and social concerns took place during the late eighteenth century, this is true also of folk art. Furthermore, the folk art that was shaped at this time had a profound impact in the twentieth century, when it came to signify the most appealing aspects of Sweden's national cultural heritage.

scholarly journals Introduction

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Ozan Ozavci
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Great Powers ◽  
The Self ◽  
Great Power ◽  
Late Eighteenth ◽  
Eastern Question ◽  
Local Actors ◽  
Eighteenth And Nineteenth Centuries

The Introductory chapter discusses the overarching question of the book: how did it all begin? Since when did the self-defined Great Powers of the nineteenth century––Austria, Britain, France, Prussia, and Russia––come to assume responsibility for providing security in the Levant. Why? The Introduction traces the answer of these questions to the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, and maintains that Great Power interventions in the nineteenth-century Levant need to be considered not only in reference to their immediate causes, theatres, and implications. It is essential to take into account the continuity that European and Levantine actors saw in regional affairs from the late eighteenth century through until at least the mid-nineteenth. There is a need to foreground the persistent patterns or cultures of security within which violence was generated and sustained, and how the quest for security acted as an organizing principle of international relations. It also discusses the importance of considering these interventions in the fabric of the Eastern Question. It invites the readers to view the latter not only as a European question, as the existing literature has us believe, but also as an Ottoman question, whereby the agency of the Ottoman ministers and other local actors was more central than has been documented.

Universalizing Dignity in the Nineteenth Century

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mika LaVaque-Manty
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Human Dignity ◽  
Conceptual History ◽  
Late Eighteenth Century ◽  
Late Eighteenth ◽  
United Nations Declaration

This chapter traces some of the conceptual history from the late eighteenth century, when arguments about equal, intrinsic, and universal human dignity became politically important, to the mid-twentieth century, when the idea of universal human dignity was enshrined in the United Nations Declaration of Human Rights. The chapter argues that this universalization process primarily took place in the nineteenth century, in political controversies around gender, race, and labor. The chapter argues that a particular Christian conception about the dignity of labor, expressed by Pope Leo XII, helped cement the value of inherent human dignity while at the same time weakening its more radical political potential.

The Author's Effects

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola J. Watson
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
North America ◽  
House Museums ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cultural Phenomenon ◽  
Late Eighteenth ◽  
House Museum ◽  
Eighteenth And Nineteenth Centuries

The Author’s Effects: On Writer’s House Museums is the first book to describe how the writer’s house museum came into being as a widespread cultural phenomenon across Britain, Europe, and North America. Exploring the ways that authorship has been mythologized and materialized through the conventions of the writer’s house museum, The Author’s Effects anatomizes the how and why of the emergence, establishment, and endurance of popular notions of authorship in relation to creativity. It traces how and why the writer’s bodily remains, possessions, and spaces came to be treasured in the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, as a prelude to the appearance of formal writer’s house museums. It ransacks more than 100 museums and archives to tell the stories of celebrated and paradigmatic relics—Burns’ skull, Keats’ hair, Petrarch’s cat, Poe’s raven, Brontë’s bonnet, Dickinson’s dress, Shakespeare’s chair, Austen’s desk, Woolf’s spectacles, Hawthorne’s window, Freud’s mirror, Johnson’s coffee-pot, and Bulgakov’s stove, amongst many others. It investigates houses within which nineteenth-century writers mythologized themselves and their work—Thoreau’s cabin and Dumas’ tower, Scott’s Abbotsford and Irving’s Sunnyside. And it tracks literary tourists of the past to such long-celebrated literary homes as Petrarch’s Arquà, Rousseau’s Île St Pierre, and Shakespeare’s Stratford to find out what they thought and felt and did there, discovering deep continuities with the redevelopment of Shakespeare’s New Place for 2016

Fiction and Poetry

2020 ◽  
pp. 144-168
Author(s):  
Michael Halliwell
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Art Song ◽  
Music Performance ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Significant Feature ◽  
Turn On ◽  
Music Making ◽  
Late Eighteenth ◽  
Professional Evaluation ◽  
Eighteenth And Nineteenth Centuries

The rise of the European novel reached its zenith during the nineteenth century. One can hardly turn on the TV without seeing an adaptation of a novel from this period in a classically sumptuous BBC-TV production. The depiction of music-making in a variety of forms is a significant feature of many of the works of literature and poetry of the period, as the professional evaluation of music performance became part of a broader critical discourse. Poetry found an ever-growing mode of dissemination through the commercial performance of the art song—the work of many, mostly forgotten poets of the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries lives on in the German Lied, the French mélodie and the English art song.

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