The Author&#39;s Effects

The Author’s Effects: On Writer’s House Museums is the first book to describe how the writer’s house museum came into being as a widespread cultural phenomenon across Britain, Europe, and North America. Exploring the ways that authorship has been mythologized and materialized through the conventions of the writer’s house museum, The Author’s Effects anatomizes the how and why of the emergence, establishment, and endurance of popular notions of authorship in relation to creativity. It traces how and why the writer’s bodily remains, possessions, and spaces came to be treasured in the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, as a prelude to the appearance of formal writer’s house museums. It ransacks more than 100 museums and archives to tell the stories of celebrated and paradigmatic relics—Burns’ skull, Keats’ hair, Petrarch’s cat, Poe’s raven, Brontë’s bonnet, Dickinson’s dress, Shakespeare’s chair, Austen’s desk, Woolf’s spectacles, Hawthorne’s window, Freud’s mirror, Johnson’s coffee-pot, and Bulgakov’s stove, amongst many others. It investigates houses within which nineteenth-century writers mythologized themselves and their work—Thoreau’s cabin and Dumas’ tower, Scott’s Abbotsford and Irving’s Sunnyside. And it tracks literary tourists of the past to such long-celebrated literary homes as Petrarch’s Arquà, Rousseau’s Île St Pierre, and Shakespeare’s Stratford to find out what they thought and felt and did there, discovering deep continuities with the redevelopment of Shakespeare’s New Place for 2016

The Abominables

Terrorists as Monsters ◽

10.1093/oso/9780190927875.003.0002 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 27-52

Author(s):

Marco Pinfari

Keyword(s):

Nineteenth Century ◽

French Revolution ◽

Late Nineteenth Century ◽

Irish Nationalism ◽

Late Eighteenth ◽

Rule Breaking ◽

Late Nineteenth ◽

The Many ◽

Reign Of Terror

This chapter explores the use of monster metaphors in framing “terrorist” actors since the French Revolution. While acknowledging that these metaphors effectively present the “terrorist” as an abject “other,” it argues that the main purpose of the use of monster imagery in framing “terrorists” is to highlight their unmanageability, which may be instrumental in securing popular backing for specific types of rule-breaking behavior in counterterrorism. It presents these arguments while reviewing examples drawn from the origins of modern terrorism in the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. These include the gorgon Medusa, which appears for instance in relation to Robespierre’s “Reign of Terror,” and the many-headed hydra—one of the oldest metaphors for representing unruly behavior that proves unmanageable. It then introduces another type of unmanageable monster that would become particularly popular to frame terrorists—Frankenstein’s monster—and its use in the late nineteenth century to frame Irish nationalism.

Mortality on Convict Voyages to Australia, 1788–1868

Social Science History ◽

10.1017/s0145553200016412 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 285-313

Author(s):

John McDonald ◽

Ralph Shlomowitz

Keyword(s):

Eighteenth Century ◽

Seventeenth Century ◽

North America ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Indentured Labor ◽

East Indies ◽

The Past ◽

Late Nineteenth ◽

And Migration ◽

During the past two decades, there has been an outpouring of research on the seaboard mortality associated with intercontinental migration during the seventeenth, eighteenth, and nineteenth centuries. The focus of historical interest in this linkage between mortality and migration has been the Atlantic slave trade. We now have mortality rates on voyages from various regions in Africa to various destinations in the Americas, from the late seventeenth century to the mid-nineteenth century (see Curtin, 1968, 1969: 275-286; Klein and Engerman, 1976, 1979; Klein, 1978; Postma, 1979; Miller, 1981; Cohn and Jensen, 1982a, 1982b; Cohn, 1985; Eltis, 1984, 1987; Steckel and Jensen, 1986; Galenson, 1986). These slave studies have spawned renewed interest in the mortality associated with other seaborne populations, and mortality rates have been calculated on Dutch immigrant voyages to the East Indies during the eighteenth century, European convict and immigrant voyages to North America and European immigrant voyages to Australia during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, and Indian and Pacific Islander indentured labor voyages to Fiji and Queensland, Australia, during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries (see Riley, 1981; Eltis, 1983; Cohn, 1984, 1985, 1987, 1988; Grubb, 1987; Ekirch, 1987; Morgan, 1985; Shlomowitz, 1986, 1987, 1989; McDonald and Shlomowitz, 1988, forthcoming).

Handelingen - Koninklijke Zuid-Nederlandse Maatschappij voor Taal- en Letterkunde en Geschiedenis ◽

Kind aan huis

10.21825/kzm.v71i0.17543 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 71 ◽

pp. 51-67

Author(s):

Louise Deschryver

Keyword(s):

Nineteenth Century ◽

Gender Identity ◽

Self Perception ◽

The Past ◽

Late Eighteenth ◽

Letting Go

In the past two decades the historiography of the child has paid increasing attention tothe voices and experiences of children in the past, gradually letting go of the so-called'adult gaze' and learning to study children as historical actors in their own right. Buildingupon these insights, this article will assess the influence of adult bourgeois norms on theworld and self-perception of children in nineteenth-century Belgium from a strict children'spoint of view. lt will contribute to our knowledge of the mechanisms underlyingchildren's socialization in the past, arguing that rather than being the passive recipientsof adult norrns, children actively internalized the ideas and ideals with which they werebrought up. More concretely, the article will take the form of a casestudy and investigatehow the influential ideal of domesticity that emerged in the late eighteenth-centuryshaped the developing gender identity of two teenagers living in early nineteenth-centuryBelgium. Hence, it will contribute to the budding historiography of family and child inthe regions of present-day Belgium.

Héroes nacionales como vehículos emocionales de conceptos / National Heroes as Emotional Vehicles of Political Concepts

Historiografías ◽

10.26754/ojs_historiografias/hrht.2015102388 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 12 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ana Isabel González Manso

Keyword(s):

Nineteenth Century ◽

Eighteenth Century ◽

Comparative Analysis ◽

Intellectual History ◽

The Past ◽

Late Eighteenth Century ◽

Historical Figures ◽

Late Eighteenth ◽

Siglo Xix ◽

The Relationship

This article deals with the relationship between concepts, heroes and emotions. To that purpose it propounds an explicative mechanism through the comparative analysis of the use of heroes in Spanish politics in the late eighteenth century and the first half of the nineteenth century. The spread of some political concepts was facilitated by their association with heroes of the past, which not only provide legitimacy but also a strong emotional burden in terms of the values they represented. The proposed methodology is applied to the examination of political uses of two historical figures: Padilla and Pelayo.Key WordsEmotions, national heroes, intellectual history, nineteenth centuryResumenEl presente artículo examina la relación entre conceptos, héroes y emociones. Para ello propone un mecanismo que se sirve del análisis comparado del uso de héroes en la política española de finales del siglo XVIII y de la primera mitad del XIX. La difusión de ciertos conceptos políticos se vio facilitada por su asociación con héroes del pasado que no solo aportaban legitimidad y prestigio sino también una fuerte carga emocional dado los valores que estos héroes representaban. Las consideraciones metodológicas se aplican al análisis de los usos políticos de dos personajes históricos: Padilla y Pelayo.Palabras claveEmociones, héroes nacionales, historia intelectual, siglo XIX

Introduction

10.1093/oso/9780198852964.003.0001 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-18

Author(s):

Ozan Ozavci

Keyword(s):

Nineteenth Century ◽

Eighteenth Century ◽

Great Powers ◽

The Self ◽

Great Power ◽

Late Eighteenth ◽

Eastern Question ◽

Local Actors ◽

The Introductory chapter discusses the overarching question of the book: how did it all begin? Since when did the self-defined Great Powers of the nineteenth century––Austria, Britain, France, Prussia, and Russia––come to assume responsibility for providing security in the Levant. Why? The Introduction traces the answer of these questions to the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, and maintains that Great Power interventions in the nineteenth-century Levant need to be considered not only in reference to their immediate causes, theatres, and implications. It is essential to take into account the continuity that European and Levantine actors saw in regional affairs from the late eighteenth century through until at least the mid-nineteenth. There is a need to foreground the persistent patterns or cultures of security within which violence was generated and sustained, and how the quest for security acted as an organizing principle of international relations. It also discusses the importance of considering these interventions in the fabric of the Eastern Question. It invites the readers to view the latter not only as a European question, as the existing literature has us believe, but also as an Ottoman question, whereby the agency of the Ottoman ministers and other local actors was more central than has been documented.

Fiction and Poetry

The Oxford Handbook of Music and Intellectual Culture in the Nineteenth Century ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190616922.013.7 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 144-168

Author(s):

Michael Halliwell

Keyword(s):

Nineteenth Century ◽

Art Song ◽

Music Performance ◽

Critical Discourse ◽

Significant Feature ◽

Turn On ◽

Music Making ◽

Late Eighteenth ◽

Professional Evaluation ◽

The rise of the European novel reached its zenith during the nineteenth century. One can hardly turn on the TV without seeing an adaptation of a novel from this period in a classically sumptuous BBC-TV production. The depiction of music-making in a variety of forms is a significant feature of many of the works of literature and poetry of the period, as the professional evaluation of music performance became part of a broader critical discourse. Poetry found an ever-growing mode of dissemination through the commercial performance of the art song—the work of many, mostly forgotten poets of the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries lives on in the German Lied, the French mélodie and the English art song.

Architectural Adventurism in Nineteenth-Century Colonial India: Begum Samru and Her Sardhana Church

International Journal of Islamic Architecture ◽

10.1386/ijia_00004_1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 61-89

Author(s):

Jyoti Pandey Sharma

Keyword(s):

Nineteenth Century ◽

Catholic Church ◽

Indian Subcontinent ◽

Domestic Architecture ◽

Building Projects ◽

Colonial India ◽

Late Eighteenth ◽

Architectural Patronage ◽

Cultural Affinity ◽

Abstract This article explores the politically fluid and culturally hybrid environment of the Indian subcontinent during the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Interaction between European mercenaries and their Indian patrons led to acculturation of both sides. This cultural affinity also extended into the realm of architecture and building patronage, resulting in a stylistic hybridity that drew upon both Indian and European traditions. This article examines the building projects of Begum Samru, bibi (consort) of a German mercenary and ruler of Sardhana near Delhi. The Begum, born a Muslim, converted to Christianity, but nonetheless still valued her roots, creating a syncretic identity that was reflected in her architectural patronage. The scope of her patronage went beyond domestic architecture to serve the cause of her adopted religion as well. While she donated generously to Catholic institutions, it was in the building of churches that the Begum resorted to what one may call architectural adventurism to mark her identity as a devout Catholic. Transcending the prevalent notions of space and aesthetics, the Begum's architectural trajectory was unconventional due to her gender, social status, faith, and patronage of churches. Commissioned in 1821, Sardhana's Catholic Church became a symbol of her architectural adventurism: it epitomized Begum Samru's feisty spirit and her quest to champion Catholicism in the subcontinent.

Open Elites: Recruitment to the French Noblesse and the English Aristocracy in the Eighteenth Century

Albion A Quarterly Journal Concerned with British Studies ◽

10.2307/4053851 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 30 (4) ◽

pp. 599-629 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Michael W. McCahill

Keyword(s):

Nineteenth Century ◽

Eighteenth Century ◽

Large Scale ◽

The Past ◽

Closed Group ◽

Large Scale Land ◽

Almost All ◽

New Recruits ◽

Landed Elite

Over the past fifteen years historians of Britain have debated the degree to which the nation's aristocracy was open to newcomers. First, W. D. Rubinstein suggested that the new rich of the nineteenth century broke with the pattern of centuries and refrained from large-scale land purchases, in part because the established aristocracy had assumed a more “caste-like” mentality that held outsiders at bay. Then in 1984 two important works extended the challenge to earlier centuries. John Cannon demonstrated that throughout the eighteenth century recruits to the peerage were chosen from among the upper reaches of the landed aristocracy, a fact that suggested to him that the British nobility was a closed group, more closed than its continental counterparts. More significantly, Lawrence and Jeanne Stone completed an immense study of the elite of three counties over a 340-year period; they concluded that the proportion of newcomers was small and that new recruits were drawn mainly from groups already affiliated with the aristocracy. It was not businessmen but small gentry, office holders, and members of the professions who dominated the ranks of newcomers to their county elites.Other leading students of the British aristocracy of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries have taken exception to the claims of these iconoclasts. Sir John Habakkuk concluded in his Ford Lectures that “there was no weakening among new men in the eighteenth century of the desire to acquire landed estates. Almost all the wealthiest (or their descendants in the next generation) joined the landed elite….” In greater detail F. M. L. Thompson called into question Rubinstein's findings by challenging the usefulness of his probate data and by showing that millionaire Victorian businessmen or their direct heirs made substantial land purchases.

Refutation and Dialogue

10.1093/oso/9780190677602.003.0006 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Anh Q. Tran

Keyword(s):

The Past ◽

Traditional Religions ◽

Late Eighteenth ◽

Contemporary Perspective ◽

Erroneous Beliefs ◽

Theological Message

Chapter 5 evaluates Errors from a contemporary perspective. It begins by outlining the theological messages of Errors, laying out the charges of erroneous beliefs, idolatry, and superstitions against Confucianism, Buddhism, and Daoism. It traces the influence of Errors on later Vietnamese Catholic texts of the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries—Treatise of the True Religion and Conference of the Four Religions—and appraises its legacy for the understanding of the nature of Vietnamese religions. The theological message of the texts is presented and evaluated for their implications regarding the Christian encounter with the traditional religions of Vietnam in the past and at the present time.

‘There are as many Tassos as there are Hamlets’: representations of Tasso’s life in England

Tasso's Art and Afterlives ◽

10.7228/manchester/9780719090882.003.0006 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Jason Lawrence

Keyword(s):

Nineteenth Century ◽

Twentieth Century ◽

Prominent Feature ◽

Romantic Poet ◽

Late Eighteenth ◽

Biographical Account ◽

The Many

During the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, attention in England focused increasingly on the troubled life of the poet, who came to be regarded as ‘a prototype of the Romantic poet, loving passionately but hopelessly and above his station, ...chained in a lunatic’s cell’. In the fifth chapter the second principal strand of this study traces and analyses the development of such views about Tasso himself, from the earliest English biographical account by Henry Layng in 1748 to the last at the start of the twentieth century. It also examines the many imaginative engagements with aspects of the poet’s legendary biography, such as his apparent madness and prolonged imprisonment in Ferrara as a result of his supposed love for Leonora d’Este, the Duke’s sister, which were to become a prominent feature of English and European responses to him in the nineteenth century. It focuses particularly on Lord Byron’s impassioned ventriloquisation of the Italian poet’s voice in The Lament of Tasso (1817).