scholarly journals Comparison of performance in metalinguistic tasks among students with and without risk of dyslexia

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cláudia Da Silva ◽  
Simone Aparecida Capellini
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Elementary School ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Students At Risk ◽  
Cognitive Linguistic ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Linguistic Skills ◽  
Letter Sound ◽  
Initial Literacy

Introduction: Studies on students at risk for dyslexia have increased  as well as the interest in verifying whether tasks involving a phonological basis can favor the performance of these students in the initial literacy process.Objective:Evaluate the performance of students with and without risk of dyslexia in metalinguistic tasks.Methods: Participants of this study were 40 students, aged between 5-6 years, enrolled in the 1st year of elementary school, divided into two groups, GI: composed of 20 students without risk of dyslexia and GII: composed of 20 students at risk of dyslexia, both groups were submitted to the Evaluation Cognitive Linguistic Skills Protocol - collective and individual version (adapted), and phonological intervention composed of tasks of relation letter/sound alphabet in sequence and in random order, rhyme, identification and manipulation of words, identification and production of syllables, syllabic segmentation and analysis, identification and phonemic segmentation, substitution, synthesis, analysis and phonemic discrimination. Results: Indicated that the students from GI and GII showed statistically superior performance in the post testing compared to the performance obtained in the pre testing.Conclusion: The students at risk of dyslexia showed an increase in the mean of performance after the intervention, however, when compared with the performance of the students without risk for dyslexia, they presented inferior performance, indicating that, even after have underwent  to the intervention, they did not reach the mean of performance of students without risk for dyslexia in metalinguistic tests.

scholarly journals Performance of early literacy students in cognitive-linguistic skills during the pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 484-490
Author(s):  
Mariana Taborda Stolf ◽  
Natália Lemes dos Santos ◽  
Ilaria D’Angelo ◽  
Noemi Del Bianco ◽  
Catia Giaconi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Literacy ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Reading And Writing ◽  
Average Performance ◽  
Assessment Protocol ◽  
Lower Performance ◽  
Cognitive Linguistic ◽  
Sequential Memory ◽  
Linguistic Skills

Introduction: The Covid-19 pandemic made discrepancies between the different educational realities more evident for schoolchildren in the beginning of literacy. Objective: to characterize the performance of cognitive-linguistic skills of students in early literacy phases during the pandemic. Methods: Twenty-two elementary school students participated in this study, distributed in GI 1st year students and 2nd year GII students, submitted to the application of the Cognitive-Linguistic Skills Assessment Protocol for students in the initial stage of literacy. Results: Students from GI and GII showed average performance for writing the name and writing the alphabet in sequence. The GI presented a refusal response for the subtests of word dictation, pseudoword dictation and picture dictation, word repetition and visual sequential memory of shapes and poor performance for alphabet recognition in random order and average performance for alphabet recognition in sequence. GII showed lower performance for the subtests of word dictation, pseudoword dictation, picture dictation and superior performance for alphabet recognition in random order, alphabet in sequence and visual sequential memory of shapes. Discussion: The appropriation of the letter-sound relationship mechanism raises questions, since it evidenced the difficulty of all students in cognitive-linguistic skills necessary for the full development of reading and writing in an alphabetic writing system such as Brazilian Portuguese . Conclusion: Students in the 1st and 2nd years showed lower performance in cognitive-linguistic skills important for learning reading and writing.

Discriminant Validation of the Test of Reading Performance (TORP) for Identifying Children at Risk of Reading Difficulties

2000 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Padeliadu Susana ◽  
Georgios D. Sideridis
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Elementary School Students ◽  
Reading Difficulties ◽  
Reading Performance ◽  
Low Achievers ◽  
Children At Risk ◽  
School Students ◽  
Students At Risk ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean

Abstract This study investigated the discriminant validation of the Test of Reading Performance (TORP), a new scale designed to evaluate the reading performance of elementary-school students. The sample consisted of 181 elementary-school students drawn from public elementary schools in northern Greece using stratified random procedures. The TORP was hypothesized to measure six constructs, namely: “letter knowledge,” “phoneme blending,” “word identification,” “syntax,” “morphology,” and “passage comprehension.” Using standard deviations (SD) from the mean, three groups of students were formed as follows: A group of low achievers in reading (N = 9) including students who scored between -1 and -1.5 SD from the mean of the group. A group of students at risk of reading difficulties (N = 6) including students who scored between -1.5 and -2 SDs below the mean of the group. A group of students at risk of serious reading difficulties (N = 6) including students who scored -2 or more SDs below the mean of the group. The rest of the students (no risk, N = 122) comprised the fourth group. Using discriminant analyses it was evaluated how well the linear combination of the 15 variables that comprised the TORP could discriminate students of different reading ability. Results indicated that correct classification rates for low achievers, those at risk for reading problems, those at risk of serious reading problems, and the no-risk group were 89%, 100%, 83%, and 97%, respectively. Evidence for partial validation of the TORP was provided through the use of confirmatory factor analysis and indices of sensitivity and specificity. It is concluded that the TORP can be ut ilized for the identification of children at risk for low achievement in reading. Analysis of the misclassified cases indicated that increased variability might have been responsible for the existing misclassification. More research is needed to determine the discriminant validation of TORP with samples of children with specific reading disabilities.

Critical Issues in the Understanding of Young Elementary School Students at Risk for Problems in Written Expression: Introduction to the Special Series

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Coker ◽  
Young-Suk Grace Kim
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Elementary School ◽  
Elementary School Students ◽  
Written Expression ◽  
School Students ◽  
Students At Risk ◽  
Writing Difficulties ◽  
Special Series ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Critical Issues

In this introduction to the special series “Critical Issues in the Understanding of Young Elementary School Students at Risk for Problems in Written Expression,” we consider some of the contextual factors that have changed since a similar special issue was published in the Journal of Learning Disabilities in 2002. We also explore how the five articles included in this special series address the following important themes: early writing development, identification of students with writing difficulties, and effective interventions for struggling writers. In conclusion, we envision future directions to advance the field.

scholarly journals ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TEACHERS’ EXPERIENCES REGARDING THE PREREFERRAL PROCESS

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mine Kizir ◽  
Candan Hasret Şahin
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Elementary School ◽  
Elementary School Teachers ◽  
Referral Process ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Students At Risk ◽  
Effective Application ◽  
Teachers Experiences ◽  
Phenomenological Design ◽  
Identification Phase

<p>Informing teachers about identifying students at risk is necessary and important for effective application of interventions in the pre-referral process. The purpose of this study was to determine the adaptations that elementary school teachers did for their students at risk in the pre-referral process and to determine these teachers’ experiences in the process. In this study, the phenomenological design was used to determine the elementary school teachers’ views about the pre-referral process and their experiences regarding the process. In the present study, which was conducted to determine elementary school teachers’ experiences and views about the pre-referral process, three themes were obtained as a result of the analysis of the data collected via the interviews. The themes were as follows: teachers’ experiences and views about the identification phase, instructional adaptations in the pre-referral process and overall thoughts and suggestions regarding the pre-referral process. Informing teachers about the pre-referral process and about what to do in this process will not only help decrease the number of students involved in referral process by increasing the in-class adaptations but also allow keeping the students in the same class who will be able to continue their education with their peers with help of in-class interventions.</p><p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0651/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

Effect of Amharic Letter Acquisition and Fluency Instruction on the Reading Achievement of Ethiopian Students at Risk for Reading Difficulties

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-68
Author(s):  
Yirgashewa Bekele Abdi ◽  
William J. Therrien
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Word Reading ◽  
Explicit Instruction ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Reading Difficulties ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Students At Risk ◽  
Grade One ◽  
Letter Sound ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This study took place in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia and examined the impact of explicit instruction and fluency practice of letter/sound combinations on reading Amharic letters and words. First grade students at risk for reading difficulties were assigned via stratified random assignment to treatment or control condition. Students in the treatment group received explicit instruction and fluency practice on grade one Amharic letters, two times a week for 18 weeks for 36 sessions. Students in the control condition received typical Amharic reading instruction. Results indicate that students in the treatment condition significantly outperformed students in control on letter sound identification and word reading fluency.

Effects of CW-FIT on Teachers’ Ratings of Elementary School Students at Risk for Emotional and Behavioral Disorders

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Caldarella ◽  
Ross A. A. Larsen ◽  
Leslie Williams ◽  
Howard Wills ◽  
Debra Kamps ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Elementary School ◽  
Social Skills ◽  
Problem Behaviors ◽  
Behavioral Disorders ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Emotional And Behavioral Disorders ◽  
Academic Competence ◽  
Teacher Ratings ◽  
Students At Risk

Students with deficits in social skills have been found to experience both short- and long-term problems, including interpersonal conflicts and academic difficulties. These problems are compounded for students with emotional and behavioral disorders (EBD). Classwide function-related intervention teams (CW-FIT), a multitiered classroom management program, has been shown to be effective in increasing on-task behavior and decreasing disruptive behavior of students at risk for EBD. The present study examined the effects of CW-FIT on teachers’ ratings of students’ social skills, problem behaviors, and academic competence. A randomized control trial was completed with 160 elementary school teachers located in 19 schools across three states. Teachers completed rating scales on 350 students identified as at risk for EBD, for whom consent had been obtained. After being randomly assigned to treatment or control conditions, CW-FIT was implemented for approximately 4 months in treatment classrooms, after which teachers completed posttest ratings on all students. CW-FIT implementation was associated with significantly improved teacher ratings of social skills and academic competence for students at risk for EBD, but no significant changes in teacher ratings of student problem behaviors were found. Higher fidelity of CW-FIT implementation was associated with improved outcomes. Implications, limitations, and areas for future research are addressed.

scholarly journals Cognitive-linguistic performance of schoolchildren in the literacy cycle in the public school context: universal screening

Revista CEFAC ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angélica Galindo Carneiro Rosal ◽  
Ana Augusta de Andrade Cordeiro ◽  
Antônio Roazzi ◽  
Bianca Arruda Manchester de Queiroga
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Public School ◽  
Elementary Education ◽  
School Context ◽  
Learning Disorders ◽  
Children At Risk ◽  
The Public ◽  
Cognitive Linguistic ◽  
Linguistic Skills ◽  
The Individual

ABSTRACT Objective: to characterize the linguistic-cognitive performance of schoolchildren in the literacy cycle, in order to identify children at risk for learning disorders in the public school context. Methods: this study involved 88 children, aged 6 to 8 years, enrolled in the first, second and third year of elementary education I, from two schools in the city of Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. The procedure used was the Cognitive-Linguistic Skills Evaluation Protocol, which has collective and individual versions, both being applied. The analysis of the groups was performed through the statistical non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test with p <0.05. Results: all students were submitted to the individual version for presenting poor performance in the collective version of the protocol. Thus, the application of the collective version was not sufficient to identify children at risk for learning disorders, thus, the indication of the individual assessment. In the individual version, students from the 1st year showed a lower performance in most of the subtests that make up the instrument, whereas those from the 2nd and 3rd years had an average performance, which also deserves attention, according to the instrument of evaluation. These results, below the one expected for the age and school year, may be a consequence of poor learning opportunities within and outside school. There were also significant differences as a function of the schooling advance, revealing that the cognitive-linguistic skills, precursors of the reading and writing learning process, are only having a greater leap of development at the end of the literacy cycle, in the third year, which reveals a significant delay in terms of learning. Conclusion: the low performance observed in cognitive-linguistic abilities in schoolchildren hinders the early identification of children at risk for learning disorders and questions the quality of educational opportunities experienced by the students inside and outside the public school. Other factors, such as regional differences in language and linguistic context, need to be considered in the interpretation of tests that evaluate cognitive-linguistic abilities.

scholarly journals Indicators of Resiliency Among Urban Elementary School Students At-Risk

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Rausch ◽  
Cheryl Lovett ◽  
Christopher Walker
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Elementary School ◽  
Elementary School Students ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Fifth Grade ◽  
Risk Environment ◽  
School Students ◽  
Students At Risk ◽  
Drop Out Rate ◽  
Urban Elementary School

This study was designed to investigate the phenomenon of resiliency among urban elementary school students in an at-risk environment. In contrast with previous studies narrowly focused upon the identification of risk factors, this study utilized a phenomenological qualitative approach to investigate indicators of resiliency from both individual and contextual perspectives. The narrative descriptions of 25 elementary school students in an at-risk environment were analyzed. The results indicated that the participants had strong individual and contextual resiliency indicators through the fifth grade despite being educated in a school district with almost a 60% drop-out rate before high school graduation.

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