scholarly journals Mechanical properties of rough and dehulled rice during drying

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Osvaldo Resende ◽  
Paulo César Corrêa ◽  
Gabriel Henrique Horta de Oliveira ◽  
André Luis Duarte Goneli ◽  
Carmen Jarén
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Uniaxial Compression ◽  
Compression Test ◽  
Rupture Force ◽  
Compression Force ◽  
Rice Grains ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Rough Rice ◽  
Value Range

This work aimed to determine the mechanical properties of rough and dehulled rice grains, for different moisture contents, by obtaining their rupture force, deformation, maximum compression force and proportional deformity modulus under a compression test. Rice grains, with moisture content varying from 0.12 to 0.30 (d.b.), were subject to an uniaxial compression in order to analyze these properties. On reducting moisture content the rupture force increased from 37.2 to 70.6 N for dehulled rice and 48.0 to 79.5 N for rough rice. The average compression force varied from 131 to 171 N for dehulled rice and 203 to 283 N for rough rice. The value range of proportional deformity modulus was from 5.5 x 109 to 7.4 x 109 Pa for dehulled rice and 9.5 x 109 to 12.3 x 109 Pa for rough rice. Rough rice presented more resistance to compression compared to dehulled rice.

scholarly journals Mechanical properties of rough and dehulled rice during drying

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Osvaldo Resende ◽  
Paulo César Corrêa ◽  
Gabriel Henrique Horta de Oliveira ◽  
André Luis Duarte Goneli ◽  
Carmen Jarén
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Uniaxial Compression ◽  
Compression Test ◽  
Rupture Force ◽  
Compression Force ◽  
Rice Grains ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Rough Rice ◽  
Value Range

This work aimed to determine the mechanical properties of rough and dehulled rice grains, for different moisture contents, by obtaining their rupture force, deformation, maximum compression force and proportional deformity modulus under a compression test. Rice grains, with moisture content varying from 0.12 to 0.30 (d.b.), were subject to an uniaxial compression in order to analyze these properties. On reducting moisture content the rupture force increased from 37.2 to 70.6 N for dehulled rice and 48.0 to 79.5 N for rough rice. The average compression force varied from 131 to 171 N for dehulled rice and 203 to 283 N for rough rice. The value range of proportional deformity modulus was from 5.5 x 109 to 7.4 x 109 Pa for dehulled rice and 9.5 x 109 to 12.3 x 109 Pa for rough rice. Rough rice presented more resistance to compression compared to dehulled rice.

scholarly journals Mechanical Properties of Grains Sorghum Subjected to Compression at Different Moisture Contents

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 279
Author(s):  
Gabrielly B. Rodrigues ◽  
Osvaldo Resende ◽  
Daniel E. C. de Oliveira ◽  
Lígia C. de M. Silva ◽  
Weder N. Ferreira Junior
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Uniaxial Compression ◽  
Deformation Modulus ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Parallel Plates ◽  
Compression Force ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Rest Position ◽  
Different Temperatures

This study aimed to evaluate the influence of drying at different temperatures on the mechanical properties of grains of grain sorghum subjected to compression at the natural rest position. Grains dried at temperatures of 60, 80 and 100 °C with different moisture contents (0.515; 0.408; 0.315; 0.234; 0.162 and 0.099 (d.b.)) were subjected to uniaxial compression between two parallel plates, applied at their natural rest position, at a rate of 0.001 m s-1. The force required to rupture in grains of grain sorghum increased as their moisture contents decreased, with values of 47.17 to 78.44 N, 61.81 to 69.66 N and 52.07 to 70.89 N for the temperatures of 60, 80 and 100 °C, respectively. The compression force required to deform grain sorghum decreased with the increment in moisture content, and the proportional deformation modulus increases with moisture content reduction. Within the studied range of moisture content, the values were 87 × 10-7 to 354.99 × 10-7 Pa, 132.63 × 10-7 to 465.98 × 10-7 Pa and 80.18 × 10-7 to 429.85 × 10-7 Pa for the temperatures of 60, 80 and 100 °C, respectively.

scholarly journals Mechanical properties of baru fruit (Dipteryx alata Vogel)

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 185
Author(s):  
Daniel Emanuel Cabral de Oliveira ◽  
Osvaldo Resende ◽  
Ivano Alessandro Devilla
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Gravimetric Method ◽  
Rupture Force ◽  
Parallel Plates ◽  
Compression Force ◽  
Drying Temperature ◽  
Dipteryx Alata

This paper aimed to verify the influence of moisture content and drying temperature on the values of maximum compression strength for fixed strains (1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6; and 7 mm), rupture force, and proportional deformity modulus on the baru fruit (Dipteryx alata Vogel) under compression in a natural resting position. Baru fruits with a moisture content ranging from 0.333 to 0.053 (decimal dry basis - db) were used. The fruits were uniaxially compressed between two parallel plates, in the natural resting position, and the nuts were dried at temperatures of 60, 80, and 100 °C. The reduction in the moisture content during drying was monitored using a gravimetric method (weight loss) to determine the initial moisture content of the product and the final moisture content. Based on our results, the compression force needed to deform the baru fruit decreased with increasing moisture content, regardless of the drying temperature. The proportional deformity modulus increased with the reduction of moisture content for all the studied temperatures. The reduced moisture content increased the force required to rupture the baru fruit, regardless of the drying temperature. The rupture forces of temperatures of 60 to 100 °C may be represented by one model.

Physico-mechanical properties of rough rice grain under different moisture conditions

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-36
Author(s):  
R. ElGamal ◽  
G. ElMasry ◽  
F. Firtha
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Maximum Stress ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Rupture Force ◽  
True Density ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Rough Rice

This study was carried out to evaluate some physical and mechanical properties of three Hungarian rice varieties named Dáma, Janka and M488 under different moisture levels to be a useful data for modelling the moisture changes in rough rice storage bins. Rough rice grains were conditioned to moisture contents of 12, 18, 24, and 30% (w.b.). Five mechanical expressions named rupture force (Fr), maximum stress (σmax), grain deformation (D), energy (E) and toughness (T) were extracted from stress–strain curve for all tested varieties as a function of moisture content. Also, some physical properties such as bulk density, true density, porosity and some morphological features of grain were determined as a function of moisture content for tested rough rice grain. The results revealed that the measured physical and mechanical properties are significantly effected by moisture contents for the three tested rice varieties. In general, when the moisture content increased, the rupture force and maximum stress decreased for all investigated grains. However, the deformation, energy and toughness firstly decreased with moisture content increase and after that increased with further increase of moisture content for all rice varieties. On the other hand, the bulk density, true density and porosity do not have a specific trend with increasing moisture content. Moreover, there was a significant difference among the selected rice varieties in terms of their bulk density and porosity at the same moisture content range.

scholarly journals Evaluation Method of Granite Multiscale Mechanical Properties Based on Nanoindentation Technology

Geofluids ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Man Lei ◽  
Fa-ning Dang ◽  
Haibin Xue ◽  
Mingming He
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Uniaxial Compression ◽  
Compression Test ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Poisson Ratio ◽  
Nanoindentation Test ◽  
Uniaxial Compression Test ◽  
Displacement Curve ◽  
Mineral Contents

In order to study the mechanical properties of granite at the micro- and nanoscale, the load-displacement curve, residual indentation information, and component information of the quartz, feldspar, and mica in granite were obtained using a nanoindentation test, a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The elastic modulus and the hardness of each component of the granite were obtained through statistical analysis. Treating rock as a composite material, the relation between the macro- and microscopic mechanical properties of rock was established through the theory of micromechanical homogenization. The transition from micromechanical parameters to macromechanical parameters was realized. The equivalent elastic modulus and Poisson’s ratio of the granite were obtained by the Self-consistent method, the Dilute method, and the Mori-Tanaka method. Compared with the elastic modulus and the Poisson ratio of granites measured by a uniaxial compression test and the available data, the applicability of the three methods were analyzed. The results show that the elastic modulus and hardness of the quartz in the granite is the largest, the feldspar is the second, the mica is the smallest. The main mineral contents in granite were analyzed using the semiquantitative method by XRD and the rock slice identification test. The elastic modulus and the Poisson ratio of granite calculated by three linear homogenization methods are consistent with those of the uniaxial compression test. After comparing the calculation results of the three methods, it is found that the Mori-Tanaka method is more suitable for studying the mechanical properties of rock materials. This method has an important theoretical significance and practical value for studying the quantitative relationship between macro- and micromechanical indexes of brittle materials. The research results provide a new method and an important reference for studying the macro-, micro-, and nanomechanical properties of rock.

Physical properties of kumquat fruit

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Jaliliantabar ◽  
A.N. Lorestani ◽  
R. Gholami
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Elasticity Modulus ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Rupture Force ◽  
Projected Area ◽  
Initial Rupture ◽  
Mean Diameter ◽  
Mass Volume

Abstract Some physical properties of kumquat were investigated. Physical properties which were measured included fruit dimensions, mass, volume, projected area, density, geometric mean diameter, sphericity and surface area. Bulk density, porosity and also packaging coefficient were calculated. Mechanical properties such as the elasticity modulus, rupture force and energy required for initial rupture have been determined. The experiments were carried out at moisture content of 82.6% (w.b.). The results show that the kumquat fruit is one of the smallest fruit in the citrus family.

Moisture Sorption Behavior, and Effect of Moisture Content and Sorbitol on Thermo-Mechanical and Barrier Properties of Pectin Based Edible Films

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neda Maftoonazad ◽  
Hosahalli S. Ramaswamy ◽  
Michele Marcotte
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Glass Transition ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Moisture Sorption ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Edible Films ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Sorption Behavior ◽  
Intermediate Water ◽  
Moisture Contents

The moisture sorption behavior of pectin films formulated with different sorbitol content was evaluated and films with different equilibrium moisture contents were obtained. Different models were used to describe the moisture sorption isotherms (MSI) of pectin films, sorbitol and pectin powder. Based on changes observed in MSI, sorbitol was found to strongly interact with pectin polymers. Incorporation of sorbitol in pectin films resulted in lower equilibrium moisture contents at low to intermediate water activities (aw), but much higher moisture contents at aw > 0.53. Estimates of monolayer moisture values (1.53 – 3.81 g H2O kg-1 solids) were obtained by the application of Guggenheim-Anderson-DeBoer (GAB) model. A differential mechanical analyzer (DMA) was used for mechanical properties of formulated films while a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) was used for thermal properties and glass transition temperature (Tg). With both DMA and DSC tests, the strong plasticizing action of water and sorbitol was evident. Tg vs. moisture content data were successfully fitted to the Fox empirical model. Multi-frequency DMA measurements provided estimates for the apparent activation energy (Ea) of the second glass transition in the range of 131-184 kJ/mol; the values for Ea decreased with increasing sorbitol concentration. Water vapor permeability (WVP) and mechanical properties of the films were also analyzed under varying sorbitol and moisture contents. Increasing moisture or addition of sorbitol to pectin films increased the elongation at break, but decreased the tensile strength, modulus of elasticity and Tg, and increased WVP of the films.

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