scholarly journals Tripartite suppression of fission yeast TORC1 signaling by the GATOR1-Sea3 complex, the TSC complex, and Gcn2 kinase

eLife ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoyuki Fukuda ◽  
Fajar Sofyantoro ◽  
Yen Teng Tai ◽  
Kim Hou Chia ◽  
Takato Matsuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Fission Yeast ◽  
Nitrogen Starvation ◽  
Mammalian Target Of Rapamycin ◽  
Amino Acid Starvation ◽  
Negative Regulation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Combined Actions ◽  
Identification And Characterization

Mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (TORC1) is controlled by the GATOR complex composed of the GATOR1 subcomplex and its inhibitor, the GATOR2 subcomplex, sensitive to amino acid starvation. Previously, we identified fission yeast GATOR1 that prevents deregulated activation of TORC1 (Chia et al., 2017). Here, we report identification and characterization of GATOR2 in fission yeast. Unexpectedly, the GATOR2 subunit Sea3, an ortholog of mammalian WDR59, is physically and functionally proximal to GATOR1, rather than GATOR2, attenuating TORC1 activity. The fission yeast GATOR complex is dispensable for TORC1 regulation in response to amino acid starvation, which instead activates the Gcn2 pathway to inhibit TORC1 and induce autophagy. On the other hand, nitrogen starvation suppresses TORC1 through the combined actions of the GATOR1-Sea3 complex, the Gcn2 pathway, and the TSC complex, another conserved TORC1 inhibitor. Thus, multiple, parallel signaling pathways implement negative regulation of TORC1 to ensure proper cellular starvation responses.

scholarly journals Identification and Characterization of α-Glucosidase Inhibition Flavonol Glycosides from Jack Bean (Canavalia ensiformis (L.) DC

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 2481
Author(s):  
Anita M. Sutedja ◽  
Emiko Yanase ◽  
Irmanida Batubara ◽  
Dedi Fardiaz ◽  
Hanifah N. Lioe
Keyword(s):  
2D Nmr ◽  
The Other ◽  
Inhibition Activity ◽  
Jack Bean ◽  
Canavalia Ensiformis ◽  
Kaempferol Glycosides ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
First Time ◽  
Identification And Characterization

Although the intake of jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis (L.) DC.), an underutilized tropical legume, can potentially decrease the risk of several chronic diseases, not much effort has been directed at profiling the polyphenolics contained therein. Hence, this work aimed to identify and quantify the dominant jack bean polyphenolics, which are believed to have antioxidant and other bioactivities. Four major compounds were detected and identified as kaempferol glycosides with three or four glycoside units. Their structures were established based on UV-visible, 1D, 2D NMR, and HR-ESI-MS analyses. Specifically, kaempferol 3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl (1→6)- β-d-glucopyranosyl (1→2)-β-d-galactopyranosyl-7-O-[3-O-o-anisoyl]-α-l-rhamnopyranoside was detected for the first time, while the other three compounds have already been described in plants other than jack bean. This new compound was found to have a higher α-glucosidase inhibition activity compared to acarbose.

scholarly journals Identification and Characterization of Two Novel Proteins Affecting Fission Yeast γ-tubulin Complex Function

2004 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 2287-2301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srinivas Venkatram ◽  
Joseph J. Tasto ◽  
Anna Feoktistova ◽  
Jennifer L. Jennings ◽  
Andrew J. Link ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fission Yeast ◽  
Complex Function ◽  
Novel Proteins ◽  
Astral Microtubule ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Associated Proteins ◽  
Microtubule Formation ◽  
Identification And Characterization ◽  
Microtubule Function

The γ-tubulin complex, via its ability to organize microtubules, is critical for accurate chromosome segregation and cytokinesis in the fission yeast, Schizosaccharomyces pombe. To better understand its roles, we have purified the S. pombe γ-tubulin complex. Mass spectrometric analyses of the purified complex revealed known components and identified two novel proteins (i.e., Mbo1p and Gfh1p) with homology to γ-tubulin–associated proteins from other organisms. We show that both Mbo1p and Gfh1p localize to microtubule organizing centers. Although cells deleted for either mbo1+ or gfh1+ are viable, they exhibit a number of defects associated with altered microtubule function such as defects in cell polarity, nuclear positioning, spindle orientation, and cleavage site specification. In addition, mbo1Δ and gfh1Δ cells exhibit defects in astral microtubule formation and anchoring, suggesting that these proteins have specific roles in astral microtubule function. This study expands the known roles of γ-tubulin complex components in organizing different types of microtubule structures in S. pombe.

scholarly journals Identification and Characterization of a New Metallo-β-Lactamase, IND-5, from a Clinical Isolate of Chryseobacterium indologenes

2007 ◽  
Vol 51 (8) ◽  
pp. 2988-2990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariagrazia Perilli ◽  
Bibiana Caporale ◽  
Giuseppe Celenza ◽  
Cristina Pellegrini ◽  
Jean Denis Docquier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Clinical Isolate ◽  
Amino Acid Homology ◽  
Chryseobacterium Indologenes ◽  
Identification And Characterization

ABSTRACT A new natural IND-type metallo-β-lactamase variant, IND-5, was identified in a clinical isolate of Chryseobacterium indologenes. IND-5 shared 92.8% and 92.4% amino acid homology with IND-1 and IND-3, respectively. Purified enzyme (pI = 8.8, M r = 25,000) was able to hydrolyze penicillins, some narrow- and expanded-spectrum cephalosporins, and carbapenems but not monobactams.

scholarly journals Identification and characterization of Csh3 as an SH3 protein that interacts with fission yeast Cap1

2015 ◽  
pp. fov097 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takaharu Yamamoto ◽  
Yasuyo Kobayashi-Ooka ◽  
Guo-Lei Zhou ◽  
Makoto Kawamukai
Keyword(s):  
Fission Yeast ◽  
Identification And Characterization

scholarly journals Effect of inhibition of DNA synthesis on mating inEscherichia coliK12

1965 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Hollom ◽  
R. H. Pritchard
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Dna Replication ◽  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Amino Acid Starvation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Thymine Starvation ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Inhibition Of Dna Synthesis ◽  
Polynucleotide Chain

From studies involving inhibition of DNA synthesis in Hfr strains ofEscherichia coliK12, either by thymine starvation (Pritchard, 1963) or amino-acid starvation (Suit, Matney, Doudney & Billen, 1964), during mating withF−strains, it has been concluded that transfer of DNA from males to females can occur in the absence of DNA synthesis. This conclusion is at variance with the hypothesis (Jacob, Brenner & Cuzin, 1963) that the energy required for transfer is derived from the process of DNA replication. On the other hand, a second prediction from this hypothesis, that one polynucleotide chain of the DNA transferred during mating will have been synthesized during transfer, is strongly supported by recent experiments (Ptashne, 1965; Blinkova, Bresler & Lanzov, 1965; Gross & Caro, 1965).

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