French Algeria’s Dual Fracture

2019 ◽  
pp. 63-82
Author(s):  
Joshua Cole
Keyword(s):  
Third Republic ◽  
Political Polarization ◽  
The Third ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Way

This chapter explores the way that political polarization in the 1920s and 1930s played out in both metropolitan France and in French Algeria. Extremisms of both the right and the left challenged the legitimacy of the Third Republic. This confrontation between left and right was complicated in French Algeria by the appearance of an active cohort of Muslim politicians running for office under the terms of the 1919 law. By the early 1930s this cohort was led by a dynamic politician from Constantine named Mohamed Bendjelloul, whose activities created tension within the local political establishment.

scholarly journals Labels on the maps of the Third Military Survey of Austria-Hungary and on the survey maps of the Military Geographical Institute (Wojskowy Instytut Geograficzny) in Warsaw in the light of survey manuals

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech Włoskowicz
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Standard Map ◽  
The Third ◽  
Last Stage ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Military ◽  
Topographic Surveys ◽  
The Way

Abstract Materials from topographic surveys had a serious impact on the labels on the maps that were based on these surveys. Collecting toponyms and information that were to be placed as labels on a final map, was an additional duty the survey officers were tasked with. Regulations concerning labels were included in survey manuals issued by the Austro-Hungarian Militärgeographisches Institut in Vienna and the Polish Wojskowy Instytut Geograficzny in Warsaw. The analyzed Austro-Hungarian regulations date from the years 1875, 1887, 1894, 1903 (2nd ed.). The oldest manual was issued during the Third Military Survey of Austria-Hungary (1:25,000) and regulated the way it was conducted (it is to be supposed that the issued manual was mainly a collection of regulations issued prior to the survey launch). The Third Survey was the basis for the 1:75,000 Spezialkarte map. The other manuals regulated the field revisions of the survey. The analyzed Polish manuals date from the years 1925, 1936, and 1937. The properties of the labels resulted from the military purpose of the maps. The geographical names’ function was to facilitate land navigation whereas other labels were meant to provide a military map user with information that could not be otherwise transmitted with standard map symbols. A concern for not overloading the maps with labels is to be observed in the manuals: a survey officer was supposed to conduct a preliminary generalization of geographical names. During a survey both an Austro-Hungarian and a Polish survey officer marked labels on a separate “label sheet”. The most important difference between the procedures in the two institutes was that in the last stage of work an Austro-Hungarian officer transferred the labels (that were to be placed on a printed map) from the “label sheet” to the hand-drawn survey map, which made a cartographer not responsible for placing them in the right places. In the case of the Polish institute the labels remained only on the “label sheets”.

Neo-Royalists in the Third Republic. The History of Origin and Formation of the “Action française”

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 492-504
Author(s):  
Sergey V. Zelenin
Keyword(s):  
Third Republic ◽  
The Other ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Life Activity ◽  
The Third ◽  
Concise Review ◽  
French Writer ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right

The present review is devoted to Vasiliy Molodyakov’s book “Charles Morraus and the “Action française” against Germany: from Kaiser to Hitler”. The review examines the main thoughts and postulates of the book. The book represents the first part of the trilogy on the life, activity and views of the French writer, publicist ad thinker Charles Morraus, as well as on the history of the right monarchic movement “Action française”. The article also gives a concise review of the other works of this author.

scholarly journals A Study on the Optimization of High School Buildings for Evacuation Safety: Classroom Layout and Ramps in Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 358-368
Author(s):  
Chang-Jun Choi, Ha-Sung Kong
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Grade Level ◽  
School Buildings ◽  
Layout Analysis ◽  
The Third ◽  
School Year ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Evacuation Safety ◽  
The Right

This study used the Pathfinder program to evaluate evacuation safety by assuming evacuation training in high school buildings and changing classroom layout. Analysis of the final evacuation requirements for Scenario 2, which currently has a concentration of classrooms on the third floor of the building, showed that Scenario 2 reduced 29.6 seconds to 173.9 seconds compared to Scenario 1's 203.5 seconds. However, the analysis of Scenario 3, in which 10 classrooms and personnel of three grades were placed equally on the left and right sides of the building, showed that the final evacuation requirements were reduced 3.9 seconds to 170.0 seconds compared to Scenario 2, but there was no significant difference. Scenario 3, which has more the efficiency of school year operation by placing classroom layout on the same floor by grade level than Scenario 2, in which more classrooms and students were placed downstairs. In each scenario, an analysis of the final evacuation requirements showed that the evacuation exit T1 on the left side of the building was 28 seconds or more shorter than T3 on the right side of the building. Therefore, it was analyzed that proper classroom layout and ramp facilities in high school buildings ensure evacuation safety

Horizontal and Vertical Composite Effects in Novel Faces

Perception ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 26 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 118-118
Author(s):  
N P Costen ◽  
T Kato ◽  
I G Craw ◽  
S Akamatsu
Keyword(s):  
Face Recognition ◽  
Response Accuracy ◽  
Processing Strategy ◽  
Composite Construction ◽  
Composite Effect ◽  
Configural Information ◽  
The Third ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Fourth Experiment ◽  
The Right

The composite effect, where the recognition of the upper half of a face is disrupted by a discrepant lower half relative to an isolated half-face, without a corresponding effect for vertical half-faces, provides a ready method of investigating configural information in face recognition. In previous studies purely photographic techniques have been used for composite construction. We investigated the effects of more face-like stimuli, constructed by morphing techniques. Subjects were trained to identify frontal Japanese faces, and tested on recognition on marked upper, lower, left, and right halves, both as half-faces and with distractors. While response accuracy for the upper and lower composites was lower than those for the relevant halves, there was no such effect for the right - left composites. A familiarity design was used in the second experiment to replicate this result. In the third experiment quarter-faces (top left - bottom right facial quadrants) were used to control for the information present. We found a strong composite effect for the right - left composites, and weaker ones for the top - bottom and quarter composites. In the fourth experiment we examined whether this effect was dependent on the presence of the quarter-composites by presenting them in a second block but found no effect of this manipulation. It thus appears that although there is a composite effect with faces composed in a shape-free manner, this effect is unstable. Under certain circumstances subjects may convert from a top - bottom relational processing strategy to a right - left strategy. The information used, even with a constant task, is dependent upon the variability of the images involved.

Governing from the Centre: the 1977 French Local Elections

1977 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack Hayward ◽  
Vincent Wright
Keyword(s):  
Third Republic ◽  
Local Elections ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
The Third ◽  
Thirtieth Anniversary ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
De Gaulle

FRANCE IS A COUNTRY IN WHICH PAST POLITICAL BATTLES ARE IN the forefront of the minds of those who are engaged in contemporary conflicts. The March 1977 elections in the 36,383 communes of metropolitan France could evoke memories of 1877 and 1947. The thirtieth anniversary of the Gaullist landslide of 1947 was directly concerned with local elections as such, while 1877 recalled the defeat of President MacMahon's attempt to impose his choice of government a century ago, which finally settled the struggle between Left and Right over the regime of the Third Republic. Anticipation that the regime established by General de Gaulle would be put to the searching test of a clash between the President and a Left-wing Assembly majority converted in some people's minds the March 1977 local clections into a prologue to this decisive national confrontation.

La Fièvre de la Raison: Nationalism and the French Right

1958 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 560-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugen Weber
Keyword(s):  
Third Republic ◽  
The Political ◽  
Democratic Values ◽  
The Third ◽  
Traditional Language ◽  
The Right ◽  
Politically Active

An epigram coined under the Third Republic presents the political Frenchman as torn between the claims of his heart on the Left and of his pocketbook on the Right. At a time when a nationalistic policy in Algeria draws heavily on all pocketbooks this idea seems out of date: today a good section of the French public is trying to reconcile accepted attitudes with a new policy, and the old phraseology of the Left conceals less and less successfully an ideology of the Right. The trend is strengthened by transfusions of new blood from a colonial domain lost or endangered in the last few years; that is, by the arrival in metropolitan France of tens of thousands of politically active and actively resentful citizens from Indo-China, Morocco, Tunisia, impenitently expressing their disrespect for democratic values, their wartime sympathies for Pétain and Vichy, and their contempt for the traditional language of political conformity.

Decree Powers and Constitutional Law in France under the Third Republic

1940 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 1104-1123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Otto Kirchheimer
Keyword(s):  
Third Republic ◽  
General Character ◽  
World War ◽  
The Third ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The World ◽  
Emergency Power ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right ◽  
Rule Making

In the World War period and after, the use of extraordinary powers by the executive for legislative purposes became so widespread in Europe that constitutional theorists began to find it convenient to give up the doctrine of legislative supremacy. The constitutional basis for these extraordinary powers has been found in one of two ways: either the parliament may authorize the government to exercise certain legislative functions by way of delegation, or certain provisions in the constitution may be interpreted as giving the executive the right under certain circumstances not only to take specific administrative steps, but also to issue rules of a more general character. In either case, the question invariably arises as to how far the delegation of power may go, or as to the degree to which alleged constitutional emergency provisions may be used to supersede parliamentary legislation.In France, no constitutional emergency power is provided in the “organic” laws of 1875 which could give a starting point for independent rule-making activity. A law of April 3, 1878, defined very closely the conditions under which a state of siege may be declared and surrounded such a declaration with elaborate provisions for parliamentary supervision. It is apparent that this statute does not allow the government to decree rules of a general character.

scholarly journals THE IDEA OF THE GAINING AND DEPRIVATION OF THE SUPREME AUTHORITY IN THE BELARUSIAN-LITHUANIAN CHRONICLES

2019 ◽  
pp. 61-65
Author(s):  
O. Yashchuk
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Local Population ◽  
The Third ◽  
Complete Form ◽  
Grand Duchy Of Lithuania ◽  
The Right ◽  
Grand Duchy ◽  
The Way

The article is devoted to the problem of representations of supreme authority in the Belarusian-Lithuanian chronicles through a prism of the notices about the gaining and deprivation of the power of the ruler. The author analyzed the first redaction of the Belarusian-Lithuanian chronicles that containing the "Chronicle of the Grand Dukes of Lithuania”, the second redaction that containing the "Chronicle of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania” and the third redaction ("Bychowiec Chronicle”). The study highlighted several ways of the supreme authority’s legitimation: by right of establishment, by right of inheritance, by right of conquest, by the acceptance of the local population, by the electoral way, by the coup if the organizers of it belonging to the ruling dynasty. It should be noted that the way of justifying the right to power through to underscores of blood ties and prince's enthronement of the son of the previous ruler or less often brother is the main way of gaining the power in the chronicles. The article gives a detailed analysis of features of the chronicle notices about the coronation of the representatives of the Gediminids dynasty. In addition, the notices about the deprivation of the authority usually as a result of the death of the ruler are investigated in the article. Notices of the death of the ruler in contradistinction to notices about the enthronement are mainly the fact statements. In the most complete form, the notes of the death of the ruler include the information about a long successful reign, facts of the ruler death and information about the birth and enthronement of the successor.

scholarly journals From Narcissus to Genius through the Work of Pleshette DeArmitt

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-66
Author(s):  
Marygrace Hemme
Keyword(s):  
Hannah Arendt ◽  
The Other ◽  
Melanie Klein ◽  
Love Stories ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Spectator ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Way

Through my reading of the section of Pleshette Dearmitt’s book The Right to Narcissism, entitled “Kristeva: the Rebirth of Narcissus,” I illustrate the way in which DeArmitt’s reading of Narcissus is reflected in Julia Kristeva’s conception of genius. DeArmitt describes narcissism as a structure through which subjectivity, language, self-love, and love for the other come about. Narcissism develops through a metaphorical relation of identification with a “loving third” in which the subject-in-formation is transferred to the site of the other, to the place from which he or she is seen and heard through the words of the mother directed at an other. The emerging subject catches the words of others and repeats them. The speech of the other, then, is a model or pattern with which the subject-in-formation identifies repeatedly, and it is through identifying with the third that the forming subject becomes like the other, a speaking subject herself. All love comes from narcissism because it is a repetition of this identification and transference. I connect this account to Kristeva’s Female Genius Trilogy by claiming that these works are love stories since they are based on a repetition of the narcissistic structure on a cultural level in their content and in their form, though for each genius it manifests through a different register. For Hannah Arendt the relation is between the actor and the spectator; for Melanie Klein it is between the analyst and the analysand; and for Colette it is between the writer and the reader. 

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document