Response to Violence

2021 ◽  
pp. 102-110
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Person

This chapter analyzes Józef Szerynski's awareness of the pathological situation that had prevailed in the Guard of the Labor Battalion, which formed the backbone of the Jewish Order Service. It highlights the first measures Szerynski undertook that were aimed at enforcing discipline among people who were not used to serving in a police organization. It also reviews the daily orders issued between November 1940 and January 1941 that reveal the disciplinary problems Szerynski had to face during this period. The chapter emphasizes how policemen had to be reminded of the need to maintain a proper appearance and to salute all senior officials, signaling obedience to authority. It discusses members of the Jewish Order Service that are still subject to the German judicial authorities in terms of criminal accountability.

2013 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
Sophie Richardot

The aim of this study is to understand to what extent soliciting collective memory facilitates the appropriation of knowledge. After being informed about Milgram’s experiment on obedience to authority, students were asked to mention historical or contemporary events that came to mind while thinking about submission to authority. Main results of the factorial analysis show that the students who do not believe in the reproducibility of the experimental results oppose dramatic past events to a peaceful present, whereas those who do believe in the reproducibility of the results also mention dramatic contemporary events, thus linking past and present. Moreover, the students who do not accept the results for today personify historical events, whereas those who fully accept them generalize their impact. Therefore, according to their attitude toward this objet of knowledge, the students refer to two kinds of memory: a “closed memory,” which tends to relegate Milgram’s results to ancient history; and an “open memory,” which, on the contrary, transforms past events into a concept that helps them understand the present. Soliciting collective memory may contribute to the appropriation of knowledge provided the memory activated is an “open” one, linking past to present and going beyond the singularity of the event.


2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy A. Frimer ◽  
Jennifer C. Wright ◽  
Danielle Gaucher

Author(s):  
Ajay Bhushan Prasad

21<sup>st</sup> Century is an era of stress and burnout. For the past few decades it has been a burning and hot topic of discussion for researchers, to evolve stress and burnout- from a global problem to global solutions, as it affects the life of individuals in an unprecedented manner and touches them at workplace across the globe. Everybody knows what stress is all about. It has become a part of life and perhaps, to some extent, necessary at work and outside work. Some people are more productive and creative when they work under stress. But if stress is intense and continuous, then it becomes a negative phenomenon leading to physical illness and psychological disorders. Stress and burnout in today's environment has become a well documented problem. Various researches have evaluated stress and burnout in workplaces. Stress is a non-specific response of body to any demand made on it. Many researchers have identified that stress and burnout has become an integral part of our daily life due to the negative aspects of job, such as, multiple responsibilities, disciplinary problems, employee's apathy, involuntary transfers, inadequate pay and perks, less chances of career advancement and lack of administrative support etc. As a result of these, individuals are likely to suffer from stress and may experience a sense of tiredness and frustration. When prolonged stress continues and it is not effectively managed, it can even lead to symptoms of burnout, a state of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and diminished personal accomplishment in the workplace. Stress management can be done through six zones which we have discussed in detail, with a holistic approach. It includes health zone, intimate zone, family zone, work zone, social zone and spiritual zone. In this paper, an effort is made to discuss the solutions of stress and burnout in different and innovative ways through different zones which have been experienced by the author in his 20 years of professional career. Thus, stress and burnout are not a trivial problem but a major dysfunction of the 21<sup>st</sup> century, which has far reaching impact on quality and quantity of productivity. The present paper explores the concept of stress and burnout, the major differences between them, factors leading to genesis of the problem, various symptoms and how it is a serious quality concern for all professionals. Appropriate interventions for prevention and management of stress and burnout are also suggested.


Author(s):  
Elizabeth Gaskell ◽  
Sally Shuttleworth

`She tried to settle that most difficult problem for women, how much was to be utterly merged in obedience to authority, and how much might be set apart for freedom in working.’ North and South is a novel about rebellion. Moving from the industrial riots of discontented millworkers through to the unsought passions of a middle-class woman, and from religious crises of conscience to the ethics of naval mutiny, it poses fundamental questions about the nature of social authority and obedience. Through the story of Margaret Hale, the middle-class southerner who moves to the northern industrial town of Milton, Gaskell skilfully explores issues of class and gender in the conflict between Margaret’s ready sympathy with the workers and her growing attraction to the charismatic mill ownder, John Thornton. This new revised and expanded edition sets the novel in the context of Victorian social and medical debate.


PEDIATRICS ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-85
Author(s):  
Ronald S. Drabman ◽  
Greg Jarvie

The pediatrician is the professional most frequently sought out for advice concerning disciplinary problems with children in the home. Behavioral psychologists have advocated the use of contingent ignoring and time-out procedures to help reduce problem behaviors; however, practicing pediatricians have found that these two procedures are often not successful. In fact, sometimes the two procedures seem to exacerbate inappropriate behavior. This paper documents the difficulties found in using the ignoring and/or time-out procedures in the home setting. Potential pitfalls in the use of ignoring, including not specifying the target behavior, not taking a baseline, inadvertently, intermittently reinforcing the inappropriate behavior, response bursts, spontaneous recovery, and not reinforcing an appropriate alternative behavior, are described. In addition, several pitfalls in the use of the time-out procedure, including selection of isolation area, inappropriate selection of time intervals, interference from others in the family, and escape attempts on the part of the child are discussed. For each potential problem a remedy is suggested.


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