scholarly journals Basilios Bessarion on George of Trebizond’s translation of Plato’s Laws

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-91
Author(s):  
Maria Semikolennykh
Keyword(s):  
Significant Part ◽  
Gregory Of Nyssa ◽  
Cyril Of Alexandria ◽  
Rhetorical Devices

George of Trebizond (1395-1472) has spent a significant part of his life translating Greek books into Latin. The bulk of his translations is impressive: from Ptolemy’s Almagest to John Chrysostom’s homilies and works by Cyril of Alexandria, Basil the Great, Gregory of Nyssa, and Aristotle. He was quite an experienced translator, who had worked out an elaborated method explained in several writings. At the height of his career, George rather hastily translated Plato’s Laws. The haste and, probably, George’s bias against Plato and Platonism resulted in numerous inaccuracies of translation. Several years later, Basilios Bessarion closely scrutinized these faults in the fifth book of his In Calumniatorem Platonis, a comprehensive work aiming to refute the arguments set out in George of Trebizond’s anti-Platonic treatise Comparatio Philosophorum Aristotelis et Platonis. The paper analyses the use of such rhetorical devices as sarcasm and irony in Bessarion’s In Calumniatorem Platonis and especially in his commentary on George’s translation of Laws; it also aims to demonstrate how Bessarion turns George of Trebizond into a comic figure, thus compromising both the opponent and his interpretation of Plato’s doctrine.

scholarly journals The Lost Fresco Paintings of the Inkerman Cave Churches (“Temple with Baptistery”, “Church of Geography”, Monastery of Saint Sophia)

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 31-51
Author(s):  
Yurii Mogarichev ◽  
◽  
Alena Ergina ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
13Th Century ◽  
Gregory Of Nyssa ◽  
Cyril Of Alexandria ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Traditional Scheme ◽  
John Chrysostom ◽  
Southwestern Crimea ◽  
The Temple ◽  
The Church ◽  
Mountainous Crimea

Introduction. Among the “cave towns” of Mountainous Southwestern Crimea, there are monuments located in the lower reaches of the Black River valley. There are no less than 9 rock-cut monastic complexes which include about 30 temples. Methods. Some churches of the 13th–15th centuries were decorated with fresco paintings. Today, frescoes have been preserved only in one church. Sources of the 18th–20th centuries indicate traces of paintings in more than five temples. Frescoes inside the “temple with baptistery”, “Church of Geography (Eugraphy)”, and the Monastery of St. Sophia have not survived. Archival materials that expose the plots and compositions are published in this work. Analysis. The frescoes of the “temple with baptistery” date back to the 13th century. The Deesis composition is reconstructed in the apse conch. In the “Church of Geography (Eugraphy)” (the 13th century), on each side of the throne, four figures of saints are depicted (The Holy Fathers composition). This is probably: John Chrysostom, Gregory the Theologian, Basil the Great, Cyril of Alexandria, Gregory of Nyssa, Athanasius of Alexandria and two more saints from among the Cappadocian Fathers. One of them is obviously St. Blaise. This painting in general terms repeats the traditional scheme of the lower register of the painting of the apses of the cave temples of the mountainous Crimea. The monastery of St. Sofia should be dated back to the 14th–15th centuries. During the period of the monastery’s functioning, there were fresco paintings in the Main Church and Church no. 3, but all the attempts to attribute them were unsuccessful. Results. The analyzed frescoes show themes of Deesis and the Great Cappadocians. They are common for altar compositions in cave temples in South-West Crimea. In the interiors of the cave temples of Inkerman, there are: simple linear ornaments, complex plant reports, linear ornaments with complex weaving and plant elements.

scholarly journals The Resurrected Body, Will It Be of Flesh or Spiritual?

Scrinium ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 225-241
Author(s):  
Antonia S. Kakavelaki
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Apostle Paul ◽  
Aristotelian Logic ◽  
Gregory Of Nyssa ◽  
Subtle Body ◽  
Cyril Of Alexandria ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Christian View ◽  
Resurrection Of The Dead ◽  
The Dead

The resurrection of the dead according to Origen and Philoponus is spiritual and not of the flesh. Their opinion, contrary to the official Christian view, was influenced by the neo-Platonic doctrine of “the subtle body of the soul” and based upon Aristotelian logic. Origen’s argumentation was formed as a personal interpretation of the passage of the Apostle Paul (1 Cor. 15:39–47) where Paul mentions that the risen body will be spiritual. Philoponus argumentation, on the other hand, was mostly based upon the Aristotelian logic and he thus directed his polemic against the irrationality of the arguments of Cyril of Alexandria and of Gregory of Nyssa.


scholarly journals The Role of Conceptual Integration in Christian Language on the Basis of the Use of THE LOST SHEEP IS HUMANITY Blend in Patristic Writings

Open Theology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 170-185
Author(s):  
Aleksander Gomola
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Conceptual Blending ◽  
Conceptual Integration ◽  
Christian Doctrine ◽  
Gregory Of Nyssa ◽  
Cyril Of Alexandria ◽  
Early Christian ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Theological Language

Abstract The article investigates the role of conceptual integration in generating new theological meanings in early Christian texts. Its basic assumption is that metaphoricity and novelty of language of Christian doctrine and teaching in early Christian period should be regarded as a well attested case of linguistic creativity whose mechanisms are explained by Conceptual Blending Theory as proposed by Fauconnier and Turner. After a brief presentation of selected theological studies utilizing cognitive linguistic perspective and a brief discussion of basic notions of Conceptual Blending Theory, the article examines variants of the THE LOST SHEEP IS HUMANITY blend in selected patristic texts by Origen, Cyril of Alexandria, Pseudo-Macarius, Augustine and Gregory of Nyssa. The analysis of these variants shows that conceptual integration allowed these authors to create and develop a wide range of theological ideas representing many important aspects of Christian doctrine from soteriology, through ecclesiology to Christology. This in turn proves that cognitive linguistics may provide theologians with instruments of linguistic analysis that shed new light on many aspects of theological language and reasoning.

The Trinity, Universals, and Particular Substances: Philoponus and Roscelin

Traditio ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 63 ◽  
pp. 277-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christophe Erismann
Keyword(s):  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Christian Theology ◽  
Aristotelian Logic ◽  
Gregory Of Nyssa ◽  
Cyril Of Alexandria ◽  
John Of Damascus ◽  
Maximus The Confessor ◽  
The Trinity ◽  
Theological Thinking

During late antiquity, an interesting doctrinal shift can be observed: Aristotelian logic and its Neoplatonic complements, in particular the teachings of Aristotle'sCategoriesand Porphyry'sIsagoge, were progressively accepted as a tool in Christian theology. This acceptance met drawbacks and was never unanimous. Among the authors who used concepts that originated in logic in order to support their theological thinking, we can mention, on very different accounts, Basil of Caesarea, Gregory of Nyssa, Cyril of Alexandria, John Philoponus, Leontius of Byzantium, Maximus the Confessor, Theodore of Raithu, and John of Damascus, the author of an importantDialectica. In the Byzantine context, handbooks of logic were written specifically for Christian theologians, showing that logic was perceived to be an important tool for theological thinking.

Christopher Beeley, The Unity of Christ

2015 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-350
Author(s):  
Paul L. Gavrilyuk
Keyword(s):  
Gregory Of Nyssa ◽  
Cyril Of Alexandria ◽  
Golden Standard ◽  
History Of ◽  
Communicatio Idiomatum ◽  
Maximus The Confessor ◽  
Eusebius Of Caesarea

Professor Beeley has contributed a new chapter to the history of the doctrine of communicatio idiomatum. He has written a provocative book, whose argument is both revisionist and orthodox. Beeley proposes to revise the accepted christological narrative by questioning the significance and theological genius of Athanasius of Alexandria. In Beeley's judgement, Athanasius' contribution pales in comparison with such giants as Origen, Eusebius of Caesarea, Gregory Nazianzen and Maximus the Confessor. Beeley finds especially in Nazianzen's Christology the most profound and consistent rendering of the unity of Christ, a golden standard for expressing communicatio idiomatum. According to Beeley, Gregory's achievement was only partially matched by the Christologies of Cyril of Alexandria and Leo of Rome. Gregory's Christology is the apex of the Origenist tradition, its most complete and compelling expression. A permanent contribution of Beeley's work is the restoration of Gregory the Theologian to the diptychs of contemporary Western patristic scholarship, in which Nazianzen has been overshadowed by another Cappadocian, Gregory of Nyssa.

Obecny stan badań nad Zagładą na Ukrainie

2014 ◽  
pp. 889-915
Author(s):  
Anna Abakunkova
Keyword(s):  
Future Development ◽  
The State ◽  
Significant Part ◽  
Educational Organizations ◽  
Major Research ◽  
Holocaust Studies ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
The Future

The article examines the state of the Holocaust historiography in Ukraine for the period of 2010 – beginning of 2014. The review analyzes activities of major research and educational organizations in Ukraine which have significant part of projects devoted to the Holocaust; main publications and discussions on the Holocaust in Ukraine, including publications of Ukrainian authors in academic European and American journals. The article illustrates contemporary tendencies and conditions of the Holocaust Studies in Ukraine, defines major problems and shows perspectives of the future development of the Holocaust historiography in Ukraine.

Chesterton, Apologetics, and the Art of Positioning

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-51
Author(s):  
David Pickering
Keyword(s):  
Common Ground ◽  
Rhetorical Devices

This article analyses G.K. Chesterton's positioning of himself as an apologist in relation to his audience. It argues that he deployed a set of rhetorical devices that enabled him to create common ground with his readers. He used these devices to present himself as a friend, and to claim that he presented religious questions to his readers in the manner of an unbiased explorer, in spite of his own faith commitments. As part of this strategy, he restricted the range of theology he used in his apologetics so as to remain as far as possible within boundaries his non-religious readers could easily relate to. The article concludes with reflections concerning Chesterton's influence on some of the Inklings and his relevance for contemporary apologetics.

Body and Desire

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raphael A. Cadenhead
Keyword(s):  
Full Range ◽  
The Body ◽  
Gregory Of Nyssa ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ethical Discourse ◽  
Sex And Sexuality ◽  
Diachronic Analysis

Although the reception of the Eastern father Gregory of Nyssa has varied over the centuries, the past few decades have witnessed a profound awakening of interest in his thought, particularly in relation to the contentious issues of gender, sex, and sexuality. The Body and Desire sets out to retrieve the full range of Gregory’s thinking on the challenges of the ascetic life through a diachronic analysis of his oeuvre. Exploring his understanding of the importance of bodily and spiritual maturation in the practices of contemplation and virtue, Raphael Cadenhead recovers the vital relevance of this vision of transformation for contemporary ethical discourse.

Musikkritische Muster – Zur Rhetorik der Rezensionsprosa

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-128
Author(s):  
Daniel Krause
Keyword(s):  
Rhetorical Devices

Es fällt nicht leicht, musikkritische Urteile durchschaubar zu machen. Ihr Begründungsdefizit wird mit rhetorischen Mitteln kaschiert. Diese wurden bislang kaum erforscht. Im Folgenden sollen einige dieser Mittel vorgestellt werden.<br><br>Music critics find difficulty in substantiating their claims. They tend to use rhetoric in order to compensate for the lack of evidence. These rhetorical devices have not been scrutinized yet.  Thus it seems useful to deal with them.

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