scholarly journals Continuously revised assurance cases with stakeholders’ cross-validation: a DEOS experience

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. e101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimio Kuramitsu
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
It Services ◽  
Software Life Cycle ◽  
Multiple Stakeholders ◽  
Life Cycle Stages ◽  
Software Changes ◽  
Assurance Cases ◽  
System Life

Recently, assurance cases have received much attention in the field of software-based computer systems and IT services. However, software changes very often, and there are no strong regulations for software. These facts are two main challenges to be addressed in the development of software assurance cases. We propose a method of developing assurance cases by means of continuous revision at every stage of the system life cycle, including in operation and service recovery in failure cases. Instead of a regulator, dependability arguments are validated by multiple stakeholders competing with each other. This paper reported our experience with the proposed method in the case of Aspen education service. The case study demonstrates that continuous revisions enable stakeholders to share dependability problems across software life cycle stages, which will lead to the long-term improvement of service dependability.

Information System Life Cycle

2014 ◽  
pp. 276-293
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Life Cycle Stages ◽  
Is Management ◽  
System Life ◽  
Is Design

The main purpose of the IVO framework refers to study and management of IS. This chapter discusses the IS issues that are standard topics in study of IS (Management Information Systems and similar areas). These are IS design/development, adoption, evaluation, management, and use. These IS life cycle stages interact with IVO aspects, such as infopolitics and infoculture. Understanding this whole process rather than just a single step is necessary for effective research and management. An extensive case study is discussed to demonstrate these ideas. It is also shown how the IVO perspective can deepen teaching case studies.

Exercising the Condominium Tenure Option: A Case Study of the Canadian Housing Market

1993 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 961-973 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Meligrana
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Housing Demand ◽  
Economic Resources ◽  
The Other ◽  
Housing Preferences ◽  
Life Cycle Stages ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Housing Corporation

With data from the National Survey of Condominium Occupants conducted by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation, the relevant differences between a sample of renters who decided to purchase a condominium and a sample of homeowners who decided to sell their dwelling to buy a condominium are described. The subpopulation differed with respect not only to life-cycle stages and household economic resources but also to stated housing preferences and future housing plans. For example, previous renters were found to be younger households in the earlier stages of the life cycle who purchased lower priced condominiums with more borrowed funds than previous homeowners. A proportion of previous renters, however, were found to be entering the condominium sector late in life. Previous owners, the majority of whom moved from the freehold ownership market, preferred condominium ownership as means of gaining greater physical security and less direct maintenance responsibilities and, therefore, searched for only condominium housing. On the other hand, tenants sought initially to gain entrance into the freehold ownership market before deciding on the purchase of condominiums. Previous tenants are planning to use the equity of their condominiums to move into single detached houses within a short period of time, whereas for previous owners the condominium sector presents a final stage in housing demand. It is concluded that life-cycle stages and household economic resources continue to dominate a household's tenure transition, but this must also be combined with tenure and housing preferences as well as long-term or future housing plans.

scholarly journals A framework to assess circularity across product-life cycle stages – A case study

Procedia CIRP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 442-447
Author(s):  
Vimal K.E.K ◽  
Jayakrishna Kandasamy ◽  
Vedant Gite
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Product Life Cycle ◽  
Product Life ◽  
Life Cycle Stages

Mitigating the Environmental Impact of Smartphones with Device Reuse

2012 ◽  
pp. 252-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xun Li ◽  
Pablo Ortiz ◽  
Brandon Kuczenski ◽  
Diana Franklin ◽  
Frederic T. Chong
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Energy Materials ◽  
Societal Benefit ◽  
Life Cycle Stages ◽  
Elementary School Education ◽  
Manufacturing Stage

The rapid growth of information technology has not only brought substantial economic and societal benefit but also led to an unsustainable disposable model in which mobile devices are replaced in a matter of months. The environmental impact of this stream of handsets in terms of manufacturing energy, materials, and disposal costs is alarming. This chapter aims at raising today’s environmental issues of the increasing smartphone market, as well as providing a quantitative analysis on the environmental impact of different life-cycle stages of the smartphones, including the manufacturing stage, using stage, and recycling. To achieve sustainable computing and best utilize the energy consumed during manufacturing the large number of devices, this chapter demonstrates the methodology and techniques towards reusing smartphones by presenting a case study on reusing smartphones for elementary school education.

scholarly journals Aviation Technology Life Cycle Management: Importance for Aviation Companies, Aerospace Industry Organizations and Relevant Stakeholders

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanislav Szabo ◽  
Ivan Koblen
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Aerospace Industry ◽  
Life Cycle Management ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Life Cycle Stages ◽  
Aviation Technology ◽  
Technology Life Cycle ◽  
System Life

<p align="LEFT">The paper in the introductory part underlines some aspects concerning the importance of Aviation Technology Life Cycle Management and informs on basic international standards for the processes and stages of life cycle. The second part is focused on definition and main objectives of system life cycle management. The authors subsequently inform on system life cycle stages (in general) and system life cycle processes according to ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288:2015 standard. Following the fact, that life cycle cost (LCC) is inseparable part and has direct connection to the life cycle management, the paper contains brief information regarding to LCC (cost categories, cost breakdown structure, cost estimation a.o.). Recently was issued the first part of Aviation Technology Life Cycle Management monograph (in Slovak: ”Manažment životného cyklu leteckej techniky I”), written by I.Koblen and S.Szabo. Following this fact and direct relation to the topic of article it is a part of article briefly introduced the content of two parts of this monograph (the 2nd part of monograph it has been prepared for the print). The last part of article is focused on issue concerning main assumptions and conditions for successful application of aviation technology life cycle management in aviation companies, aerospace industry organizations as well as from the relevant stakeholders side.</p>

scholarly journals Integration of Energy Oriented Manufacturing Simulation into the Life Cycle Evaluation of Lightweight Body Parts

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antal Dér ◽  
Alexander Kaluza ◽  
Lars Reimer ◽  
Christoph Herrmann ◽  
Sebastian Thiede
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Chain Model ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Evaluation Approach ◽  
Life Cycle Stages ◽  
Fiber Sheet ◽  
Energy And Material Flows ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies

AbstractRecent years introduced process and material innovations in the design and manufacturing of lightweight body parts for larger scale manufacturing. However, lightweight materials and new manufacturing technologies often carry a higher environmental burden in earlier life cycle stages. The prospective life cycle evaluation of lightweight body parts remains to this day a challenging task. Yet, a functioning evaluation approach in early design stages is the prerequisite for integrating assessment results in engineering processes and thus allowing for a life cycle oriented decision making. The current paper aims to contribute to the goal of a prospective life cycle evaluation of fiber-reinforced lightweight body parts by improving models that enable to predict energy and material flows in the manufacturing stage. To this end, a modeling and simulation approach has been developed that integrates bottom-up process models into a process chain model. The approach is exemplarily applied on a case study of a door concept. In particular, the energy intensity of compression molding of glass fiber and carbon fiber sheet molding compounds has been analyzed and compared over the life cycle with a steel reference part.

scholarly journals The Rush To Outsource: The Interplay Of Location And Dislocation

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
David P. Boyd
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
Value Added ◽  
It Services ◽  
Business Process Outsourcing ◽  
Job Transfer ◽  
Near Term ◽  
Architecture Development ◽  
Product Assembly

In their quest for economic efficiency, American firms are increasingly outsourcing their processes as well as their products. Companies may outsource operations themselves or use the services of special outsource firms such as contract manufacturers and external service providers (ESPs). The present study focuses on evolving dynamics within these intermediaries, particularly their accelerated move to offshore operations. This paper examines the causes and effects of this trend. The first casualties register in the American workforce. Though U.S. firms and consumers enjoy some near-term benefit from this job transfer, long-term implications are ominous. By broadening their geographic locus and hiring local professionals, ESPs unwittingly expedite the emergence of an indigenous labor pool to replace them. Already domestic providers are encountering local ventures that offer value-added technology in upstream areas like architecture, development and integration. If such firms continue to gain recognition in high-end activity, they may credibly lay claim to the commodity work of product assembly and transaction processes. American firms are targeting these same areas, especially the nascent realm of business process outsourcing (BPO). As U.S. outsourcers rush relentlessly downstream and transplant their backend support services to overseas locations, they may be outsourcing their own future. The paper will give three case study examples at each end of this labor food chain. As domestic examples we include a domestic contract manufacturer and a BPO provider. Both firms have established an overseas presence. Lastly, we examine an overseas competitor leveraging its upstream success in high-value IT services to secure a beachhead in BPO.

scholarly journals Capital Structure Theories and Speed of Capital Adjustment towards Target Capital Structure along Life Cycle Stages of Asian Manufacturing Firms

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-62
Author(s):  
Muhammad Sajid Amin ◽  
Hashim Khan ◽  
Imran Abbas Jaddon ◽  
Muhammad Tahir
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Capital Structure ◽  
Manufacturing Firms ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mature Stage ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Speed Of Adjustment ◽  
Capital Adjustment ◽  
Life Cycle Stages

Purpose: Firms have different costs and benefits and asymmetric information across their life cycle stages and hence each stage has different financial pattern and speed of adjustment towards target capital. Methodology: We use System GMM to test the hypotheses. We use market leverages proxies for the capital structure, life cycle proxies: introduction, growth, mature, shakeout and decline and the control determinants of capital structure such as profitability, tangibility, firm size and growth opportunities. We estimate the financial pattern and speed of adjustment along life cycle stages of manufacturing firms from eleven Asian economies over the period of 2010-2018. Findings: The results show that firms in earlier stages have more long term debt than mature stage. The speed of adjustment towards target capital structure is highest in mature stage than the other stages. The control determinants significantly affect market leverages. Implications: The findings suggest that management has to consider life cycle stages of their firms in order to adjust capital structure. Stockholders should consider stage of firm with relation to profitability and capital structure for long term prospects.

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