Use of the parachute system for the collective rescue of passengers and aircraft crew

This study covers the issues of the security system in civil aviation. The relevance of the topic is conditioned by a qualitatively new approach to the design of civil aviation, since the modern equipment has the means intended for rescue directly in the area of contact of an emergency aircraft with the ground. When hitting the ground, as a rule, the lower part of the airframe is crushed, the fuselages break in the centre wing section, and the interior equipment breaking off is very traumatic to passengers, the engines are extremely fire and explosion dangerous, which leads to an emergency situation developing into a catastrophic one. The purpose of the study is to investigate the existing security system of a civil aircraft and develop the modification of aviation equipment with the help of collective rescue systems. Two main areas of application of collective rescue systems in aviation technology are analysed. As a solution to the problem at hand, a modification in the form of a parachute system of collective rescue is proposed. A detailed description of the system operation with the use of the necessary calculations for weight, aerodynamic and similar costs is given. The system under study relates to aviation technology and can be used in the development of transport (passenger, cargo, business class, etc.) aircraft. The proposed modification would significantly increase the level of flight safety due to a preventive measure that would exclude the contact area of the emergency aircraft with the ground.

Application of the contact and non-contact measuring techniques for on-ground resonance testing of the mini-UAV

Purpose The paper describes the application of two different vibration measurement methods for the identification of natural modes of the miniature unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The purpose of this study is to determine resonant frequencies and modes of mini-airplane within the specified range of frequency values. Design/methodology/approach Special measuring equipment was used including both contact and non-contact techniques. The measuring systems on equipment of the Institute of Aviation Technology in the Faculty of Mechatronics, Armament and Aerospace of Military University of Technology (Warsaw, PL) were used to conduct measurements. In traditional ground vibration testing (GVT) methods a large number of sensors should be attached to the aircraft. The weight of sensors and cables is negligible in relation to the mass of the large aircraft. However, for small and lightweight unmanned aerial vehicles, this could bring a significant mass component in relation to the total mass of the tested object. Findings The real mini-UAV construction was used to investigate its resonant modes in the range of frequencies between 0 and 50 Hz. After receiving the output values it is possible to perform some flutter calculations within the range of operational velocities. As there is no certainty that the computed modes are in accordance with those natural ones some parametric calculations are recommended. Modal frequencies depend on structural parameters which are quite difficult to identify. Adopting their values from the reasonable range it is possible to assign the range of possible frequencies. The frequencies of rudder or elevator modes are dependent on their mass moments of inertia and rigidity of controls. The critical speeds of tail flutter were calculated for various combinations of stiffness or mass values. Practical implications In this paper, some specific techniques of performing the GVT test were presented. Two different measuring methods were applied, i.e. the contact method and the non-contact method. Using the dedicated apparatus in relation to the mini-airplane, properly prepared in terms of mass distribution, rudders deflection stiffness and proper support, some resonant characteristics can be determined. The contact measuring system consists of a multi-channel analyzer, piezoelectric accelerometers, electrodynamic exciters, amplifiers, impedance heads and a computer with the Test.Lab Software. As the non-contact method, a laser scanning vibrometer was used. The principle of its operation is based on the separation of the emitted laser beam. The returning beam reflected from a vibrating object is captured by the camera and compared to the reference beam. Dedicated software analyzes collected data and on the basis of it creates animations of structural vibrational shapes and spectral plots within the investigated frequency range. Originality/value The object used for research is the mini-UAV Rybitwa – composite mini-plane with a classic aerodynamic layout manufactured in Institute of Aviation Technology Military University of Technology. In the work, both measurement methods and some sample results were presented. Results referenced to dynamic properties of the mini-UAV can be applied in the future for its finite element model tuning, what would be useful for the needs of some parametric analyzes in case of some UAV modifications because of its structural or equipment modifications.

Analysis of Vibration in Payload Room Due to Engine Vibration on LSU-05 NG

LSU-05 NG is one of the unmanned air vehicles (UAV) developed by the aviation technology center LAPAN. The LAPAN aviation technology center designed the LSU-05 NG to be able to carry a larger payload and broader range than other types of LSUs. Therefore, the LSU-05 NG uses an engine that has enough power. LSU-05 NG uses a piston-type engine with a capacity of 170 CC. UAV engine is the primary source of vibration in the UAV structure. Excessive vibration can cause damage to the UAV structure and malfunction of the UAV payload, such as sensors, control systems, and cameras. In this research, vibration measurements were carried out at 2 locations. The measurement location is on the engine and where the payload is installed. The vibration measurement on the LSU-05 NG was carried out during the ground test. The accelerometer sensor is used to measure vibrations and is connected to the NI data acquisition system and displayed with LabVIEW. The data to be taken are acceleration and frequency data with variations in the RPM value on the LSU-05 NG engine. With these measurements, the vibration characteristics caused by the engine in the LSU-05 NG structure, primarily where the payload is stored, can be known.

Wire Knitted Mesh for Lightning Protection of Wind Blades

The features of the use of lightning protection nets in the wind power industry as lightning arresters and down conductors are considered. Based on the experience gained in aviation technology, ways of improving the design of the lightning protection system for the safe operation of wind farms are proposed.

REVISITING THE ECOTOXICITY AND EFFICIENCY OF DIFFERENT CLASSES OF INDUSTRIAL NONIONIC SURFACES USED FOR CLEANING METAL SURFACES IN THE PROCESS OF CAPILLARY CONTROL OF DETAILS OF THE AVIATION TECHNOLOGY (review)

A review of modern classes of nonionic surfactants used for cleaning metal surfaces is carried out. The following aspects are considered: efficiency of cleaning metal surfaces, ecotoxicity, biodegradability, impact on human health. The most promising class of surfactants – alkyl polyglycosides (APG) – for cleaning metal surfaces, including in the process of capillary control, has been determined. It is noted that APGs have shown high efficiency in removing even such contaminants as denatured protein and burnt corn starch from metal surfaces. In addition, APGs have the highest emulsifying ability among industrial surfactants, which effectively affects the reduction in surfactant consumption when cleaning the surfaces.

MULTIAXIAL CARBON FABRICS IN THE PRODUCTS OF AVIATION TECHNOLOGY (review)

The article considers the main advantages and disadvantages of application of multiaxial fabrics as reinforcing fillers for composite materials with a polymer matrix, and specifies the most common processing technologies of multiaxial fabrics into a composite material. The paper provides the information about the use of carbon multiaxial fabrics in the manufacture of structures for aircraft products by the example of the production of the Airbus A380 rear bulkhead and of the Airbus A400M upper cargo door. Brief characteristics of the world’s leading manufacturers of carbon fiber multiaxial fabrics for aircraft products are given.

Use of carbon filler as a main component of multifunctional materials and coatings in rocket and space technolog

An informational and analytical review of modern multifunctional materials and coatings for space and aviation technology with fillers from various carbon nano- and microstructures is presented. The analysis of the composition of modern aerospace protective coatings for multifunctional purposes is carried out, as well as the world’s effective technical solutions for external protection of aircraft are studied. The research results will be useful in the development of new carbon-filled compounds for external protection of aircraft from external negative factors.

FEATURES OF THE CERTIFICATION PROCESS FOR AIRCRAFT IN RUSSIA

The requirements of the global market are forcing manufacturers to create competitive products that meet the needs of customers, and aviation technology is no exception. The highest and most stringent requirements are also imposed on its quality, since the quality of aviation equipment is inextricably linked to its safety and, consequently, to flight safety. The certification procedure is one of the most important mechanisms for confirming the compliance of aviation equipment (AT) with the established requirements and obtaining a permit for operation. This article details the procedure for obtaining a certificate of airworthiness (SLH) for a new civilian aircraft.

Losing the Initiative in the First Island Chain: How Organizational Inefficiencies Can Yield Mismatched Arsenals

Much has been written of renewed great power competition and the characteristics of a potential armed conflict with the People’s Republic of China. This article surveys the strategic environment and the features of the current military strategies, detailing how such a conflict might be waged. In preparation for a potential conflict with China in which defense of the first island chain is required, the Joint force, and in particular the U.S. Navy and Marine Corps, have invested heavily in technology intended for amphibious expeditionary operations. However, most of the investment has centered on intricate and expensive aviation technology. Meanwhile, surface expeditionary technology has continued to age and now significantly lags its aviation counterparts such as the MV-22 Osprey and Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II. As a result, a strategic gap in capabilities has emerged that could dramatically impact the ability to execute an island-defense strategy.