scholarly journals High throughput resource efficient reconfigurable interleaver for MIMO WLAN application

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e581
Author(s):  
Bijoy Kumar Upadhyaya ◽  
Pijush Kanti Dutta Pramanik ◽  
Salil Kumar Sanyal
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Lan ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Software Environment ◽  
Internet Service ◽  
Broadband Internet ◽  
Floor Function ◽  
Maximum Improvement ◽  
Digital Hardware ◽  
Address Generator

Demand for high-speed wireless broadband internet service is ever increasing. Multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) Wireless LAN (WLAN) is becoming a promising solution for such high-speed internet service requirements. This paper proposes a novel algorithm to efficiently model the address generation circuitry of the MIMO WLAN interleaver. The interleaver used in the MIMO WLAN transceiver has three permutation steps involving floor function whose hardware implementation is the most challenging task due to the absence of corresponding digital hardware. In this work, we propose an algorithm with a mathematical background for the address generator, eliminating the need for floor function. The algorithm is converted into digital hardware for implementation on the reconfigurable FPGA platform. Hardware structure for the complete interleaver, including the read address generator and memory module, is designed and modeled in VHDL using Xilinx Integrated Software Environment (ISE) utilizing embedded memory and DSP blocks of Spartan 6 FPGA. The functionality of the proposed algorithm is verified through exhaustive software simulation using ModelSim software. Hardware testing is carried out on Zynq 7000 FPGA using Virtual Input Output (VIO) and Integrated Logic Analyzer (ILA) core. Comparisons with few recent similar works, including the conventional Look-Up Table (LUT) based technique, show the superiority of our proposed design in terms of maximum improvement in operating frequency by 196.83%, maximum reduction in power consumption by 74.27%, and reduction of memory occupancy by 88.9%. In the case of throughput, our design can deliver 8.35 times higher compared to IEEE 802.11n requirement.

Collaboration through Municipal Motivators

2011 ◽  
pp. 679-694
Author(s):  
James L. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Common Theme ◽  
Common Goal ◽  
Internet Service ◽  
Broadband Internet ◽  
The Common ◽  
Local Leaders

This chapter reveals the common theme three rural Minnesota communities used in their collaboration efforts in to install and deliver broadband Internet as a municipal utility. The author discovered that the reason for this broadband initiative was a municipal motivator, unique to each city and not related to economic development. It is hoped that other rural communities in search of high-speed Internet, after having digested the results of this study, might conduct their own research in order to determine their true, underlying motivation for delivering improved Internet service. By agreeing on the motivator for each community, local leaders are better able to collaborate on achieving this common goal.

Home is Where the Hub Is? Wireless Infrastructures and the Nature of Domestic Culture in Australia

2011 ◽  
pp. 310-325
Author(s):  
Katrina Jungnickel ◽  
Genevieve Bell
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Internet Service ◽  
Broadband Internet ◽  
Wireless Technologies ◽  
Wireless Broadband ◽  
Difficult Terrain

From WiFi (802.11b) with its fixed and mobile high-speed wireless broadband Internet connectivity to WiMAX (802.16e), the newest wireless protocol, extending the reach of WiFi across longer distances and more difficult terrain, new wireless technologies are increasingly thought to impact the ways in which we encounter social spaces in public, civic and commercial sites within large urban centers. This chapter explores how and to what extent these new wireless technologies might also be reconfiguring and reorganizing domestic practice and social relations. Drawing on a year-long ethnographic study of WiFi and WiMax provisioned homes in a major Australian metropolitan center, we argue that new wireless infrastructures are impacting how people imagine and use mobile devices, computers and the Internet in and around the home but not in ways wholly anticipated by commercial Internet service providers.

FEATURES OF MOLECULAR ANALYSIS AS A REAL-TIME INTERNET SERVICE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
М.В. ЗАХАРОВ
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Simulation Modeling ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Service Delivery Model ◽  
State University ◽  
Network Delay ◽  
Software Environment ◽  
Internet Service ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
Proposed Model

Приведен обзор особенностей применения портативныхNIR спектрометров общего назначения, используемых для анализа состава продуктов питания и лекарственных средств. Представлена модель агрегированного потока сетевого трафика от нескольких спектрометров и модель предоставления услуги, обеспечивающая снижение сетевой задержки и объема передаваемых данных. Рассмотрен метод построения сети на основе граничных вычислений для снижения сетевой задержки. Для проверки предложенной модели и метода проведено имитационное моделирование в среде AnyLogic. The Bonch-Bruevich Saint-Petersburg State University of Telecommunications The article provides an overview of the features of the use of portable general-purpose NIR spectrometers to analyze the composition of food or medicines. A model of the aggregated network traffic flow of several spectrometers and a service delivery model, which provides the reduction of network delay and amount of transmitted data, are presented. A method of constructing a network based on edge computing for reduction of network delay is considered. To verify the proposed model and method simulation modeling was carried out in the software environment AnyLogic.

SIMULATION SCHEME MODELING OF THE SUPER-SPEED TIME BUFFER

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.М. САЖНЕВ ◽  
Л.Г. РОГУЛИНА
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Circuit Modeling ◽  
Clock Signal ◽  
Behavioral Models ◽  
Software Environment ◽  
Time Buffer ◽  
The Given ◽  
Simulation Scheme

Приводятся результаты моделирования сверхскоростного буфера тактовых сигналов, выполненного на базе арсенид-галлиевых n-канальных транзисторов в среде OrCAD и полностью отвечающего следующим требованиям: высокие технические характеристики, малые размеры, высокая частота и КПД, гибкость применения. Приведенные поведенческие модели допускают использование любой программной среды по схемотехническому моделированию. The results of simulation of an ultra-high-speed clock signal buffer based on gallium arsenide n-channel transistors in OrCAD are presented, which fully meets the following requirements: high technical characteristics, application flexibility, low cost, small size, high frequency, and high efficiency. The given behavioral models allow the use of any software environment for circuit modeling.

scholarly journals All-optical demultiplexing of closely spaced multimedia radio signals using sub-picometer fiber Bragg grating

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hatice Kosek
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Lan ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Bandpass Filter ◽  
Optical Filters ◽  
Multimedia Data ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Rf Signals ◽  
All Optical ◽  
Radio Signals ◽  
Network Flexibility

Subcarrier multiplexed (SCM) transmission of multimedia radio signals such as CATV (5-860 MHz), cellular wireless (900 MHz) and wireless LAN (2.4 GHz) over fiber is frequently used to deliver broadband services cost effectively. These multi-channel radio-over-fiber (ROF) links have interesting applications and can connect enhanced wireless hotspots that will support high speed wireless LAN services or low speed cellular services to different customers from the same antenna. The SCM signals need to be demultiplexed, preferably in the optical domain for many reasons. Prefiltering of SCM signals with fiber-based optical filters warrants the use of inexpensive photodetectors and increases network flexibility. However, realizing optical demultiplexing as sub-GHz level is challenging and thus necessitates optical filters with high selectivity and low insertion loss and distortion. We developed a novel sub-picometer all-optical bandpass filter by creating a resonance cavity using two closely matched fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs). This filter has a bandwidth of 120 MHz at -3 dB, 360 MHz at -10 dB and 1.5 GHz at -20 dB. Experimental results showed that the filter is capable of separating two radio frequency (RF) signals spaced as close as 50 MHz without significant distortion. When this demultiplexer was employed to optically separate 2.4 GHz and 900 MHz radio signals, it was found to be linear from -38 dBm to +6 dBm with ~ 25.5 dB isolation. There was no significant increment in the BER of the underlying multimedia data. Results verified that the fabricated narrow bandpass filter can be a potential candidate in demultiplexing of RF signals in networks based on subcarrier multiplexed schemes.

scholarly journals Broadband Internet and Income Inequality

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Georges V. Houngbonon ◽  
Julienne Liang
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Instrumental Variable ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Internet Access ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Broadband Internet ◽  
Instrumental Variable Estimation ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Digital technologies like the Internet can affect income inequality through increased demand for employment in manual and abstract jobs and reduced demand for employment in routine jobs. In this paper, we combine city-level income distribution and jobs data with broadband data from France to investigate the impact of broadband Internet access on income inequality. Using an instrumental variable estimation strategy, we find that broadband Internet reduces income inequality through increased employment in manual jobs. These effects increase with the availability of skilled workers and are significant in cities with a large service sector or high-speed Internet access. Further, the diffusion of broadband Internet comes with relatively greater benefits in low-income cities compared to high-income cities. Several robustness checks support these findings.

scholarly journals Client Aware Scalable Cloudlet to Augment Edge Computing with Mobile Cloud Migration Service

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Uma Nandhini D ◽  
Udhayakumar S ◽  
Latha Tamilselvan ◽  
Silviya Nancy J
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Lan ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Virtual Machines ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Mobile Cloud ◽  
Cloud Data Center ◽  
Cloud Data ◽  
Battery Lifetime ◽  
Network Bandwidth ◽  
Load Conditions

<p class="0abstract">Computing with mobile is still in its infancy due to its limitations of computational power, battery lifetime and storage capacity. These limitations hinder the growth of mobile computing, which in-turn affects the growth of computationally intensive applications developed for the mobile devices. So in-order to help execute complex applications within the mobile device, mobile cloud computing (MCC) emerged as a feasible solution. The job of offloading the task to the cloud data center for storage and execution from the mobile seems to gain popularity, however, issues related to network bandwidth, loss of mobile data connectivity, and connection setup does not augment well to extend the benefits offered by MCC. Cloudlet servers filled this gab by assisting the mobile cloud environment as an edge device, offering compute power to the connected devices with high speed wireless LAN connectivity. Implementation constraints of cloudlet faces severe challenges in-terms of its storage, network sharing, and VM provisioning. Moreover, the number of connected devices of the cloudlet and its load conditions vary drastically leading to unexpected bottleneck, in which case the availability to server becomes an issue. Therefore, a scalable cloudlet, Client Aware Scalable Cloudlet (CASC) is proposed with linear regression analysis, predicting the knowledge of expected load conditions for provisioning new virtual machines and to perform resource migration.</p>

scholarly journals A comparison of high-speed internet service in Ghana: an analytical hierarchy approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael F. Frimpon ◽  
Ebenezer Adaku
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Performance Criteria ◽  
Internet Service ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sub Saharan

Purpose The rising proportion of internet users in Sub-Saharan Africa and the lack of analytical techniques, as decision support systems, in choosing among alternative internet service providers (ISPs) by consumers underpin this study. The purpose of this paper is to propose an approach for evaluating high-speed internet service offered by ISPs in a sub-Saharan African country. Design/methodology/approach Using a sample size of 150, pairwise comparisons of two ISPs along five criteria of cost, usability, support, reliability and speed were performed by ten person groups of university students working in various organizations in Ghana and undertaking an online Six Sigma Course. Geometric means were employed to aggregate the scores in 15 groups, and these scores were then normalized and used as input into an analytical hierarchy process grid. Findings The results show that consumers of internet services highly emphasize the cost attribute of internet provision in their decision making. On the other hand, it was realized that consumers least emphasize the support provided by ISPs in their decision making among alternative ISPs. Originality/value This study has sought to provide an analytical framework for assessing the quality of service provided by alternative ISPs in a developing economy’s context. The evaluating criteria in this framework also reveal the key consumer requirements in internet service provision in a developing economy’s environment. This, to a large extent, will inform the marketing strategies of existing ISPs in Ghana as well as prospective ones intending to enter the Ghanaian market. Besides, the National Communication Authority, a regulator of communication services provision in Ghana, will be informed about the performances of the ISPs along five performance criteria. This is expected to aid in their regulatory functions.

M-Commerce Market Development Scenarios in Korea

2011 ◽  
pp. 286-300
Author(s):  
Seung Baek
Keyword(s):  
Growth Curve ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Market Development ◽  
Communication Service ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Internet Service ◽  
Broadband Internet ◽  
External Appearance ◽  
The Past ◽  
Development Scenarios

A growth curve of m-commerce market would be alike that of the mobile voice market or broadband internet service in the past in Korea, and then m-commerce will bring the mobile operators the second revenue. Even though, the subscribers of m-commerce are continues ascent in external appearance, in effect it is have an important problem to though revenue. In this research, after defining m-commerce market, we will discover trends based on technological, social, and politic changes and the development scenarios of m-commerce market. We reviews the technological, social, and policy changes that have occurred in Korea in order to present the mega trends that could affect the m-commerce market most significantly, by finding out the inner and outer arena trends of the m-commerce market. And then, show four scenarios: (1) Gloomy market scenario, (2) Dream market scenario, (3) Market collapse scenario, and (4) Rainbow compromise scenario. We are expected that an analysis of the trend that could create an m-commerce market in Korea and a study of the development scenarios will provide some foresight to communication service providers in Korea and overseas countries in order to cope with the future m-commerce market.

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