Connecting Africa’s Universities to Affordable High-Speed Broadband Internet

10.1596/34955 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sajitha Bashir
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Broadband Internet

scholarly journals Broadband Internet and Income Inequality

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Georges V. Houngbonon ◽  
Julienne Liang
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Instrumental Variable ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Internet Access ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Broadband Internet ◽  
Instrumental Variable Estimation ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Digital technologies like the Internet can affect income inequality through increased demand for employment in manual and abstract jobs and reduced demand for employment in routine jobs. In this paper, we combine city-level income distribution and jobs data with broadband data from France to investigate the impact of broadband Internet access on income inequality. Using an instrumental variable estimation strategy, we find that broadband Internet reduces income inequality through increased employment in manual jobs. These effects increase with the availability of skilled workers and are significant in cities with a large service sector or high-speed Internet access. Further, the diffusion of broadband Internet comes with relatively greater benefits in low-income cities compared to high-income cities. Several robustness checks support these findings.

Collaboration through Municipal Motivators

2011 ◽  
pp. 679-694
Author(s):  
James L. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Common Theme ◽  
Common Goal ◽  
Internet Service ◽  
Broadband Internet ◽  
The Common ◽  
Local Leaders

This chapter reveals the common theme three rural Minnesota communities used in their collaboration efforts in to install and deliver broadband Internet as a municipal utility. The author discovered that the reason for this broadband initiative was a municipal motivator, unique to each city and not related to economic development. It is hoped that other rural communities in search of high-speed Internet, after having digested the results of this study, might conduct their own research in order to determine their true, underlying motivation for delivering improved Internet service. By agreeing on the motivator for each community, local leaders are better able to collaborate on achieving this common goal.

Get Information or Get in Formation: The Effects of High-Information Environments on Legislative Elections

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Trussler
Keyword(s):  
Voting Behavior ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Internet Access ◽  
The United States ◽  
Information Environment ◽  
Legislative Elections ◽  
Incumbency Advantage ◽  
Broadband Internet ◽  
Congressional Districts ◽  
Roll Out

How does the changing information environment affect the degree to which voters make independent decisions for different offices on their ballots? Leveraging the gradual roll-out of broadband internet across the United States and across congressional districts, this study uses within-district variation over four election cycles to examine the effects of internet access on voting behavior in US legislative elections. The results show that the expansion of broadband resulted in less split-ticket voting and a lower incumbency advantage because voters exposed to increased high-speed internet voted in a more partisan fashion. Consistent with work demonstrating the effect of the internet on local news consumption, the results suggest that the change in the information environment resulting from enhanced internet access led voters to prioritize national considerations over local considerations. This has important consequences for not only how voters act, but the resulting incentives that elected officials confront.

Mechanical Research with Development of Automatic Handshaking Signal Module for Cross Connecting Cabinet Remote Monitoring Control

2014 ◽  
Vol 540 ◽  
pp. 403-406
Author(s):  
Gin Shan Chen ◽  
Zhi Yuan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Central Office ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Broadband Internet ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Fiber To The Home ◽  
Network Transmission

Since the urgent demands for high-speed broadband Internet, facilities originally installed in a unit-central office end are moved to the places close to the users in order to enhance the broadband and overcome the high-frequency attenuation of copper cables, such as cross connecting cabinets (CCC) on streets, and the lines between a unit-central office and CCC are changed to optical fiber cables. Network transmission technology has currently become the generation of optical fiber. To actually promote fiber to the home, the value-added services of high-speed Internet access, VoIP, and multimedia service for users are currently the highlighted telecommunications technology and businesses. Nevertheless, copper cables have been used for a long period of time that it would be costly to completely replace copper cables. Gradually replacing old cables with new ones is considered as the optimal strategy. Without constructing optical fiber lines at different places or completely removing copper cables, Automatic Handshaking Signal Module (AHSM) for a CCC developed in this study is considered economical and simple. It could monitor the signal handshaking through remote control and make structural and functional changes of existing copper-cable cross connecting cabinets for the low-cost and high-efficiency seamless technology transfer.

scholarly journals IFLA Statement on Net Neutrality and Zero-rating: At the backstage of the problem

2019 ◽  
pp. 85-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Savitskaya
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Green Light ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Network Neutrality ◽  
Net Neutrality ◽  
Broadband Internet ◽  
Market Rate ◽  
Library Community ◽  
Public Resource

The article analyzes the IFLA Statement on Network Neutrality and Zero-rating adopted on August 15, 2016 at the meeting of the World Library and Information Congress of the 82nd IFLA Conference inColumbus,USA, its importance for the international library community, as well as the socio-economic and cultural context, which was due to its adoption. Speaking in defense of network neutrality and against the practice of the zero-rating, IFLA designated a zone of latent for that period conflict of commercial interests of Internet providers and rules of equal access of the user to all types of content without speed and additional fee. Conflict this year later, in 2017, became public in the period of active struggle against the abolition of the principle of network neutrality in theUnited States.The market rate of traffic, the green light of which was opened as a result of the cancellation of network neutrality in theUnited Stateson December 14, 2017 by the Federal Communications Commission, is particularly sensitive for libraries with limited funding, unable to pay for high-speed Internet. In addition to paid access to broadband Internet, the obvious danger for libraries is the practice of zero rating, providing free and unlimited traffic in the framework of popular social networks or package tariff plans from large corporations, which leads to the monopolization of the information market by the largest IT corporations and the further marginalization of libraries.The displacement of cultural and educational institutions as a non-profitable sector on the roadside negatively affects libraries as providers of access and as creators of Internet content; strikes both on the acquisition of funds, and on the maintenance of readers of high-quality noncommercial information. As natural opponents of progressing monetization, the Library's networks favor the interpretation of the Internet as a public service, a publicly available public resource with a transparent and stable tariff, legislatively protected from attempts by providers to receive super-profits.

scholarly journals Impact of twisting rate in 10 pairs of unshielded twisted-pair copper cables on insertion loss and crosstalk coupling for G.fast technology

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saizalmursidi Md Mustam ◽  
Mohammad Arif Ilyas ◽  
Muhammad Syukri Mohd Yazed ◽  
Che Ku Afifah Che Ku Alam
Keyword(s):  
Insertion Loss ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Digital Subscriber Line ◽  
Broadband Internet ◽  
Twisted Pair ◽  
Distribution Point ◽  
Model Reliability ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Access Services ◽  
Published Result

An ultrafast digital subscriber line (DSL) technology called G.fast is important for ultrafast broadband Internet access services. In G.fast, the existing cable bundles installed for 250 m from the distribution point to the customer’s premises are used to support the gigabit data transmission (aggregated 1 Gbit/s) for frequency up to 106 MHz or 212 MHz. Since unshielded cable is used, and the frequency is 12 times higher compared to the very high-speed DSL2 (VDSL2), it is important to investigate the cable performance in terms of insertion loss and crosstalk coupling. In this paper, the impact of cable twisting rate on 10 pairs of unshielded twisted-pair copper cables for a small copper bundle on insertion loss and crosstalk coupling is investigated. A simulation model is developed based on the standard cable installed in Malaysia. The model reliability is validated by comparing the obtained result with the published result in the literature. Besides, the twisting rate of 100 m cable is manipulated by changing its lay size to determine its impact on insertion loss and crosstalk coupling. The results showed that a high twisting rate can reduce the far-end crosstalk but increase both the insertion loss and near-end crosstalk.

Universal Broadband

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Yates ◽  
Joseph W. Weiss
Keyword(s):  
Common Good ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Broadband Internet ◽  
Roles And Responsibilities ◽  
The Common Good ◽  
Key Stakeholders ◽  
Self Interest ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The Common ◽  
Comprehensive Framework

A new digital divide is emerging both within and between nations that is due to inequalities in broadband Internet access. To bridge the global broadband divide, organizations and individuals must collaborate to provide broadband access to a converged high-speed Internet for both rich and poor citizens worldwide. The authors argue that addressing this global problem is an ethical imperative that requires bridging the perspectives of multiple stakeholders and applying their collective resources, power and will. This paper develops a comprehensive framework, using stakeholder theory, which identifies the global stakeholders as well as the roles and responsibilities that these stakeholders must assume to balance their self-interest with serving the common good. The authors’ framework also highlights relationships between key stakeholders, namely governments and their citizens, businesses in the information and communication technology (ICT) industries, and other organizations. This paper makes four important observations that can guide governments and other stakeholders in bridging the broadband divide in pursuit of the common good.

Universal Broadband

2012 ◽  
pp. 131-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Yates ◽  
Joseph W. Weiss ◽  
Girish J. Gulati
Keyword(s):  
Common Good ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Broadband Internet ◽  
Roles And Responsibilities ◽  
The Common Good ◽  
Key Stakeholders ◽  
Self Interest ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The Common ◽  
Comprehensive Framework

A new digital divide is emerging both within and between nations that is due to inequalities in broadband Internet access. To bridge the global broadband divide, organizations and individuals must collaborate to provide broadband access to a converged high-speed Internet for both rich and poor citizens worldwide. The authors argue that addressing this global problem is an ethical imperative that requires bridging the perspectives of multiple stakeholders and applying their collective resources, power and will. This paper develops a comprehensive framework, using stakeholder theory, which identifies the global stakeholders as well as the roles and responsibilities that these stakeholders must assume to balance their self-interest with serving the common good. The authors’ framework also highlights relationships between key stakeholders, namely governments and their citizens, businesses in the information and communication technology (ICT) industries, and other organizations. This paper makes four important observations that can guide governments and other stakeholders in bridging the broadband divide in pursuit of the common good.

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