scholarly journals Processing moving visual scenes during upright stance in elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e10363
Author(s):  
Martin Kucharik ◽  
Zuzana Kosutzka ◽  
Jozef Pucik ◽  
Michal Hajduk ◽  
Marian Saling
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Visual Stimulation ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Visual Scene ◽  
Upright Stance ◽  
Stimulus Period ◽  
Postural Responses ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Visual Scenes

Background The ability to maintain balance in an upright stance gradually worsens with age and is even more difficult for patients with cognitive disorders. Cognitive impairment plays a probable role in the worsening of stability. The purpose of this study was to expose subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and healthy, age-matched controls to moving visual scenes in order to examine their postural adaptation abilities. Methods We observed postural responses to moving visual stimulation while subjects stood on a force platform. The visual disturbance was created by interposing a moving picture in four directions (forward, backward, right, and left). The pre-stimulus (a static scene for 10 s), stimulus (a dynamic visual scene for 20 seconds) and post-stimulus (a static scene for 20 seconds) periods were evaluated. We separately analyzed the total path (TP) of the center of pressure (COP) and the root mean square (RMS) of the COP displacement in all four directions. Results We found differences in the TP of the COP during the post-stimulus period for all stimulus directions except in motion towards the subject (left p = 0.006, right p = 0.004, and away from the subject p = 0.009). Significant RMS differences between groups were also observed during the post-stimulus period in all directions except when directed towards the subject (left p = 0.002, right p = 0.007, and away from the subject p = 0.014). Conclusion Exposing subjects to a moving visual scene induced greater destabilization in MCI subjects compared to healthy elderly controls. Surprisingly, the moving visual scene also induced significant aftereffects in the MCI group. Our findings indicate that the MCI group had diminished adaptation to the dynamic visual scene and recovery. These results suggest that even mild cognitive deficits can impair sensory information integration and alter the sensory re-weighing process.

scholarly journals Alternative perspectives on Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI): Broadening the definition of MCI.

2012 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 295-298
Author(s):  
Moises Gaviria ◽  
Erin Cullnan
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Normal Aging ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Opportune Time ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Criteria For Diagnosis ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Continuum

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a relatively newly described phenomenon representing a mild deficit on the continuum between normal aging and dementia. Although MCI is the source of much interest and research in the fields of neuroscience and medicine, its definition, prevalence, and criteria for diagnosis has yet to become standardized and is the subject of much controversy. While there is some consensus among American and European researchers about the construct of MCI, others argue that these researchers focus too much on MCI as a preclinical state of Alzheimer’s disease (Ad) and thus is too narrow. MCI must also be examined in the context of each individual patient, taking into account each person’s unique needs and the degree to which his or her life is affected by the cognitive impairment in question. As the upcoming DSM-5 criteria are still being decided, it is a particularly opportune time to focus on alternative perspectives and definitions of MCI to ensure the best clinical definition possible can be determined.

Contribution of Vision to Balance in Children Four to Eight Years of Age

2007 ◽  
Vol 116 (9) ◽  
pp. 653-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaretha L. Casselbrant ◽  
Ellen M. Mandel ◽  
Patrick J. Sparto ◽  
Mark S. Redfern ◽  
Joseph M. Furman
Keyword(s):  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Optic Flow ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Quiet Standing ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Quiet Stance ◽  
Postural Responses ◽  
Eyes Open ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Anterior Posterior

Objectives: The use of sensory feedback for postural control develops throughout childhood. The aim of this study was to determine how children use cues from anterior-posterior optic flow for balance from 4 to 8 years of age. Methods: One hundred forty-eight children were enrolled. The subjects had yearly otologic and posturographic examinations between the ages of 4 and 8 years. Balance was assessed only if the subject had no evidence of middle ear effusion. The subject stood for 30 seconds with eyes open without optic flow and for 30 seconds while viewing 0.1, 0.25, and 0.4 Hz anterior-posterior optic flow. The center of pressure (COP) was recorded from the force platform. The root-mean-square of the COP during the periods of quiet stance and with optic flow was computed. Results: The root-mean-square COP was significantly larger during the optic flow stimulation as compared with during quiet stance. The subjects had a significant decrease in COP during optic flow from year 5 to year 6 of life (p = 005). Conclusions: A change in the response to optic flow was seen from age 5 to age 6. This change is consistent with transitional changes in postural responses that have been observed during quiet standing.

P2-174 Functional MRI on encoding and retrieval of visual scenes in mild cognitive impairment

2004 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. S276
Author(s):  
Luis Fornazzari ◽  
Amparo M. Wolf ◽  
David Mikulis ◽  
Adrian Crawley ◽  
Mary Pat McAndrews
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Functional Mri ◽  
Visual Scenes ◽  
Encoding And Retrieval

scholarly journals Validation of the Alzheimer Disease Dementia Conversion-Related Pattern as an ATN Biomarker of Neurodegeneration

Neurology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 10.1212/WNL.0000000000011521
Author(s):  
Ganna Blazhenets ◽  
Lars Frings ◽  
Yilong Ma ◽  
Arnd Sörensen ◽  
David Eidelberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Neurofilament Light Chain ◽  
Neurofilament Light ◽  
Total Tau ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Related Pattern

Objective:To determine whether the Alzheimer’s disease dementia conversion-related pattern (ADCRP) on [18F]FDG PET can serve as a valid predictor for the development of Alzheimer’s disease dementia, the individual expression of the ADCRP (subject score) and its prognostic value were examined in subjects with mild cognitive impairment and biologically defined Alzheimer’s disease.Methods:269 subjects with available [18F]FDG PET, [18F]AV-45 PET, phosphorylated and total tau in CSF, and neurofilament light chain in plasma were included. Following the AT(N) classification scheme, where Alzheimer’s disease is defined biologically by in vivo biomarkers of Aβ deposition (“A”) and pathological tau (“T”), subjects were categorized to the A-T-, A+T-, A+T+ (Alzheimer’s disease), and A-T+ groups.Results:The mean subject score of the ADCRP was significantly higher in the A+T+ group compared to each of the other group (all p < 0.05) but was similar among the latter (all p > 0.1). Within the A+T+ group, the subject score of ADCRP was a significant predictor of conversion to dementia (HR = 2.02 per z-score increase, p < 0.001), with higher predictive value than of alternative biomarkers of neurodegeneration (total tau and neurofilament light chain). Stratification of A+T+ subjects by the subject score of ADCRP yielded well-separated groups of high, medium, and low conversion risks.Conclusions:The ADCRP is a valuable biomarker of neurodegeneration in subjects with mild cognitive impairment and biologically defined Alzheimer’s disease. It shows great potential for stratifying the risk and estimating the time to conversion to dementia in subjects with mild cognitive impairment and underlying Alzheimer’s disease (A+T+).Classification of Evidence:This study provides Class I evidence that [18F]FDG PET predicts the development of AD dementia in individuals with MCI and underlying AD as defined by the AT(N) framework.

scholarly journals Relationships Between Balance and Cognition in Patients With Subjective Cognitive Impairment, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Alzheimer Disease

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (8) ◽  
pp. 1123-1134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gro Gujord Tangen ◽  
Knut Engedal ◽  
Astrid Bergland ◽  
Tron Anders Moger ◽  
Anne Marit Mengshoel
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Alzheimer Disease ◽  
Balance Control ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Subjective Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Postural Responses

Background Balance impairments are common in patients with Alzheimer disease (AD), but which aspects of balance are affected, at which stage of cognitive impairment, and their associations with cognitive domains remain unexplored. Objectives The aims of this study were: (1) to explore differences in balance abilities among patients with subjective cognitive impairment (SCI) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI), mild AD, and moderate AD and (2) to examine the relationship between the various aspects of balance and cognitive domains. Design This was a cross-sectional study. Methods Home-dwelling patients with SCI or MCI (n=33), mild AD (n=99), and moderate AD (n=38) participated in this study. The Balance Evaluation Systems Test (BESTest), comprising 6 subscales—“Biomechanical Constraints,” “Stability Limits/Verticality,” “Anticipatory Postural Adjustments,” “Postural Responses,” “Sensory Orientation,” and “Stability in Gait”—was used to assess balance. Cognitive domains were assessed using the following measures: Mini-Mental Status Examination, Word-List Learning Test from the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD), Verbal Fluency Test, Clock Drawing Test, and Trail Making Test, parts A and B (TMT-A and TMT-B, respectively). Two-way between-group analyses of variance, adjusted for age, were used to analyze differences among the groups. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to explore the associations between balance and cognition. Results Differences were found between the groups on all BESTest subscales; the moderate AD group had the worst scores. The TMT-B (measuring executive function) was associated with all of the BESTest subscales after controlling for demographic factors. Limitations The cross-sectional design hampered interpretation of the development of balance impairments. Conclusions The study findings indicate that all aspects of balance control deteriorate with increasing severity of cognitive impairment and that executive function plays an important role in balance control. Physical therapists should pay attention to these findings both in clinical practice and in future research.

Toward Identifying Mild Cognitive Impairment in Hispanic and African American Adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-116
Author(s):  
Valarie B. Fleming ◽  
Joyce L. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
African American ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Healthcare Access ◽  
Communication Disorders ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Prevention Education ◽  
Education Management ◽  
African American Adults

Across the breadth of acquired neurogenic communication disorders, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) may go undetected, underreported, and untreated. In addition to stigma and distrust of healthcare systems, other barriers contribute to decreased identification, healthcare access, and service utilization for Hispanic and African American adults with MCI. Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) have significant roles in prevention, education, management, and support of older adults, the population must susceptible to MCI.

Diagnoseeröffnung und Begleitung

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 225-231
Author(s):  
Irene Bopp-Kistler
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Case Management ◽  
Sich Eine ◽  
Jüngere Patienten ◽  
Soziale Situation

Vor der Diagnoseeröffnung geht sowohl für die Demenzerkrankten, wie aber auch für ihre Angehörigen eine lange Zeit der Unsicherheit, der Verunsicherung, der Angst, der Zweifel, aber auch von Konflikten voraus. Der Beginn einer neurodegnerativen Erkrankung ist immer mit sehr vielen offenen Fragen verbunden. Wenn jüngere Patienten noch im Berufsleben stehen, löst bereits das Stadium des Mild Cognitive Impairment Fehlleistungen, Burnout, Mobbing, Depression und Krankschreibung aus. In der Partnerschaft entstehen Konflikte und Schuldzuweisungen. Es ist viel zu wenig bekannt, dass meist diese Probleme auf Beziehungsebene belastender sind als die typischen Defizite, die auf die Demenzerkrankung zurückzuführen sind. Es besteht leider immer noch die Meinung, dass sich eine Abklärung und Diagnosestellung nur bei Krankheiten lohnt, die auch behandelbar sind. Ziel jeder evidenzbasierten Medizin sollte es aber sein, den Patienten und ihren Angehörigen eine möglichst gute Lebensqualität zu geben. Und diese Forderung ist besonders bezüglich Demenzdiagnose zu stellen. Ein offenes Diagnoseeröffnungsgespräch ermöglicht es den Patienten und ihren Angehörigen, sich mit der Situation auseinander zu setzen, miteinander Lösungsstrategien zu suchen in der herausfordernden Situation einer Demenzerkrankung, die immer das ganze familiäre und soziale System betrifft. Der Patient hat das Recht auf Information über seine Diagnose, das gilt auch für die Demenzerkrankten. Das Diagnosegespräch erfordert Zeit und höchste Professionalität, das Wissen um die individuellen Defizite und Ressourcen, die soziale Situation und die Biographie und Persönlichkeit der Patienten, aber auch ihrer Angehörigen. Das Diagnosegespräch löst viele Emotionen aus, es ist wichtig auf diese einzugehen und diese auch aufzunehmen. Primär sollte mit dem Patienten gesprochen werden, aber möglichst im Beisein der Angehörigen, wichtig dabei ist die Wertschätzung des Demenzerkrankten auch bei Anosognosie. Den Angehörigen sollten nicht Ratschläge gegeben werden, sondern es sollte in einem therapeutischen Gespräch auf ihre Gefühle des permanenten Abschiednehmens der geliebten Person eingegangen werden, auf ihre Trauer und Wut. Erst dann wird die Grundlage gelegt, damit gemeinsam im Sinne eines verhaltenstherapeutisch-systemischen Settings Lösungsstrategien gefunden werden können. Begleitung von Demenzerkrankten und ihren Angehörigen bedeutet somit nicht nur Case-Management und Beratung, wobei auch dies von großer Wichtigkeit ist, sondern sich Einlassen auf die veränderte Beziehung und Situation. Dann kann Resilienz entstehen, welche Voraussetzung dafür ist, dass die langdauernde Krankheit, die mit einem permanenten Abschiednehmen verbunden ist, gemeistert werden kann.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document