scholarly journals Seasonal variation in the diel activity of a dung beetle assemblage

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11786
Author(s):  
Jorge M. Lobo ◽  
Eva Cuesta
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Dung Beetle ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Diel Activity ◽  
Circular Statistics ◽  
Beetle Species ◽  
Daily Sampling

The seasonal and diel variations of dung beetle species were studied in an Iberian mid-mountain locality to examine the interaction between these two temporal rhythms. We assume that a seasonal variation in the diel activity would support the notion that both rhythms may assist in achieving a quick and flexible response when the climatic conditions change. Data coming from 4,104 pitfall traps placed during 15 sampling periods and totalling 30 daily sampling cycles were analysed using circular statistics and General Linear Models. A wide variety of seasonal patterns are observed, highlighting those species with a clear unimodal or spring-autumn bimodal seasonal pattern. However, a midday diel pattern is the norm in most of the species, except in the case of those exhibiting a high body weight that prefer dusk or night periods. We hypothesize that most of the dung beetle species fly at noon to promote the passive heating of their muscle activity and minimize the metabolic energy expenditure. Results only partially support the seasonal variation in diel activity. Diel preferences are mainly manifested at the time of the year in which the abundance is greater. Approximately two-thirds of the considered species exhibit a similar diel activity along their seasonal active period. As consequence, a significant portion of the dung beetle species currently inhabiting Mediterranean mid-mountains are not able to use the daily variation in climatic conditions to limit the inconveniences of climate change.

Haemonchosis in sheep and goats in Sierra Leone

1988 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. Asanji
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Host Age ◽  
Sheep And Goats ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Two Peaks ◽  
Dry And Rainy Seasons

ABSTRACTThe incidence of haemonchosis in sheep and goats in Sierra Leone showed a seasonal variation with a high peak in the dry season (October to January) and a low one from March to May. Mean relative densities were significantly higher in young hosts and showed two peaks, a high one from August to December and a low one from April to June while the mean relative densities of old hosts were low and exhibited an irregular seasonal pattern with no defined peaks. The peak seasons in young hosts coincided approximately with the dry and rainy seasons. Male hosts showed an overall higher but not a significant mean relative density than females but for most of the months mean relative densities of infection of female hosts were not significantly higher than those of males. The roles of climatic conditions and arrested development (hypobiosis) and self-cure and host age immunity on Haemonchus contortus worm burdens are discussed.

scholarly journals Patterns of the tapeworm Raillietina trapezoides infection in the fat sand rat Psammomys obesus in Tunisia: season, climatic conditions, host age and crowding effects

Parasitology ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 126 (5) ◽  
pp. 481-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. FICHET-CALVET ◽  
JUEFEI WANG ◽  
I. JOMÂA ◽  
R. BEN ISMAIL ◽  
R. W. ASHFORD
Keyword(s):  
Worm Burden ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Parasite Burden ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Tunisian Population ◽  
Psammomys Obesus ◽  
Sand Rat ◽  
The Impact

The tapeworm Raillietina trapezoides was studied in a Tunisian population of the fat sand rat Psammomys obesus. Seasonal changes in the abundance of parasite and host were monitored in a longitudinal field survey lasting 20 months. In total 582 intestinal samples were collected during 10 trapping sessions between May 1995 and January 1997 and examined. The impact of abiotic and biotic factors on the prevalence and parasite burden were explored, using generalized linear models. R. trapezoides showed a seasonal pattern with most transmission occurring in summer and autumn. In August–September when the rodents were at low density and most adult (90–100%) were infected. In winter, infections with R. trapezoides were highly prevalent in the cohort of adults only. The worm burden by number was also high in late summer and autumn. Prevalence and parasite burden by number or by biomass were highly age dependent. Season and age act in synergy so that the rodents were highly infected in late summer and autumn. Unusually dry conditions in winter seemed to increase prevalence and to reduce the number of worms. There was no difference between males and females in prevalence or parasite burden (by number or by biomass). Prevalence was not correlated with the relative density of the hosts whereas parasite burden depended upon their densities. The more numerous the worms were, the smaller they were individually, reflecting a crowding effect. The possibility of an immune response regulating P. obesus is discussed, in regard to the very high natural prevalence and the variation in worm burden, and compared with other parasite–host systems.

Activity patterns of wild Bactrian camels (Camelus bactrianus) in the northern piedmont of the Altun Mountains, China

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 209-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yadong Xue ◽  
Diqiang Li ◽  
Wenfa Xiao ◽  
Fang Liu ◽  
Yuguang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Endangered Species ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Relative Activity ◽  
Diel Activity ◽  
Arid Areas ◽  
Critically Endangered Species ◽  
Camelus Bactrianus ◽  
Diel Activity Patterns ◽  
Bactrian Camels

There are significant gaps in our knowledge of wild camel ecology; especially the activity patterns that allow them to adapt to desert environments. The wild Bactrian camel (Camelus bactrianus) is a critically endangered species that survives in the extreme desert conditions of Central Asia. We conducted camera trapping surveys at seven watering sites in the northern piedmont of the Altun Mountains from 2010 to 2012. We analyzed the frequency of photo-captures to elucidate the wild camels’ diel activity patterns, and the seasonal variation in their activity at watering sites. We found that these wild camels were predominantly diurnal at watering sites, with an increase in relative activity from sunrise, reaching a peak toward midday, and then gradually decreasing in activity until sunset. The camels visited watering sites more often in winter than in summer. These results provide a guide for water development in the conservation of ungulates in arid areas.

Seasonal variation in births in rural East Pakistan

1972 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Stoeckel ◽  
A. K. M. Alauddin Choudhury
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Seasonal Patterns ◽  
First Order ◽  
Monthly Temperature ◽  
Monthly Distribution ◽  
Number Of Births

SummaryAn analysis of the monthly distribution of births in two areas of Matlab Thana, East Pakistan, indicates that there is a seasonal variation in births different from what would be expected by chance. The highest proportion of births occur in the last three months of a year and the lowest proportion between May and July. Investigation into some of the environmental and social factors which might contribute to the seasonal pattern revealed the following: mean minimum monthly temperature 9 months before birth was inversely related to the number of births; all occupations had seasonal patterns different from what would be expected by chance and the business and mill-and-office occupations had distributions significantly different from each other; the distribution of births for all pregnancy orders was different from chance and the distribution for first order pregnancies was significantly different from those for third and fourth or higher orders.

scholarly journals Increase in searches for erectile dysfunction during winter: seasonal variation evidence from Google Trends in the United States

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belén Mora Garijo ◽  
Jonathan E. Katz ◽  
Aubrey Greer ◽  
Mia Gonzalgo ◽  
Alejandro García López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
United States ◽  
Erectile Dysfunction ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Kidney Stones ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
The United States ◽  
Google Trends ◽  
Internet Search ◽  
Search Volume

AbstractSeveral diseases associated with erectile dysfunction (ED), such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and coronary artery disease (CAD), are known to have seasonal variation, with increased incidence during winter months. However, no literature exists on whether this chronological-seasonal evolution is also present within ED symptomatology. We hypothesized ED would follow the seasonal pattern of its lifestyle-influenced comorbid conditions and exhibit increased incidence during winter months. In order to investigate the seasonal variation of ED in the United States between 2009 and 2019, Internet search query data were obtained using Google Trends. Normalized search volume was determined during the winter and summer seasons for ED, other diseases known to be significantly associated with ED (T2DM and CAD), kidney stones (positive control), and prostate cancer (negative control). There were significantly more internet search queries for ED during the winter than during the summer (p = 0.001). CAD and T2DM also had significantly increased search volume during winter months compared to summer months (p < 0.001 and p = 0.011, respectively). By contrast, searches for kidney stones were significantly increased in the summer than in the winter (p < 0.001). There was no significant seasonal variation in the relative search frequency for prostate cancer (p = 0.75). In conclusion, Google Trends internet search data across a ten-year period in the United States suggested a seasonal variation in ED, which implies an increase in ED during winter. This novel finding in ED epidemiology may help increase awareness of ED’s associated lifestyle risk factors, which may facilitate early medical evaluation and treatment for those at risk of both ED and cardiovascular disease.

scholarly journals Correction: The Gut Microbiomes of Two Pachysoma MacLeay Desert Dung Beetle Species (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) Feeding on Different Diets

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. e0165376
Author(s):  
Philippa Z. N. Franzini ◽  
Jean-Baptiste Ramond ◽  
Clarke H. Scholtz ◽  
Catherine L. Sole ◽  
Sandra Ronca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dung Beetle ◽  
Beetle Species

scholarly journals Mucormycosis in the Eastern Mediterranean: a seasonal disease

2005 ◽  
Vol 134 (2) ◽  
pp. 341-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. AL-AJAM ◽  
A. R. BIZRI ◽  
J. MOKHBAT ◽  
J. WEEDON ◽  
L. LUTWICK
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Pulmonary Infection ◽  
Pattern Analysis ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Atmospheric Concentration ◽  
Tel Aviv ◽  
Significant Seasonal Variation ◽  
Immunocompromised Hosts

Mucormycosis is a fairly rare fungal infection caused by ubiquitous fungi of the order Mucorales and primarily affects immunocompromised hosts. A series of 16 cases of invasive mucormycosis admitted to three referral centres in Beirut, Lebanon between 1981 and 1999 is described. It includes 12 patients with rhinocerebral, three with cutaneous, and one with pulmonary infection. Onset of symptoms occurred in the summer and autumn in 15 out of 16 patients, showing a statistically significant seasonal variation (P=0·007) A recent report of 19 patients from Tel Aviv describes a strikingly similar seasonal pattern. Studies on atmospheric concentration of Mucorales spores in the Eastern Mediterranean are lacking. Weather pattern analysis in Beirut revealed clustering of onset of invasive mucormycosis at the end of a dry, warm period, which begins around May and ends in October. Mucormycosis incidence appears to be seasonal in the Eastern Mediterranean.

scholarly journals Occurrence of suicide and seasonal variation

1998 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 408-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Retamal C. ◽  
Derek Humphreys
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Suicide Rate ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
The North ◽  
Political Center

OBJECTIVE: To review the estimated suicide rates for the Region Metropolitan, the main socio-political center in Chile, for the period 1979-1994, and to determine whether they follow a seasonal pattern. METHOD: Data available for the period 1979-94 at the Forensic Services in Chile was analyzed using ANOVA. RESULTS: It was register 5.386 suicides. While the "warm" months (October, November, December & January) concentrated 39.0% of cases, the so called "cold" months reported 28,7%. This contrast is made even clearer by the month-to-month analysis, showing the highest suicide rate in December (10.9%) against the lowest rate in June (7.0%). Further statistical analysis revealed these differences to be significant. CONCLUSION: The study shows that in Chile, representing as it does the Southern Hemisphere, the suicide rates tend to present a seasonal variation as has elsewhere been determined for in the North Hemisphere.

Seasonal Variation in Serum 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D3 Does Not Affect 1,25-Dihydroxy Vitamin D

1994 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
T J Hine ◽  
N B Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Reference Range ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Dihydroxyvitamin D ◽  
1,25 Dihydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxy Vitamin D ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Sunlight Hours

The seasonal variation of serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D has been investigated. Blood was taken from 27 healthy volunteers, aged 21–44 years old at 3 monthly intervals over a period of 1 year. A scrolling monthly programme with 12 quarterly (3 month) time periods was developed. A summer associated increase in 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 was significantly correlated with but lagged behind by 2 months, the increase in recorded sunlight hours. However, four individuals showed no seasonal rise but maintained constant concentrations throughout the year within the established reference range. Serum 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D showed marked intra-individual variability with no seasonal pattern although the highest concentration (180 pmol/L) was observed in the winter and no concentration greater than 108 pmol/L in the summer.

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