scholarly journals Roles of H2S and NO in regulating the antioxidant system of Vibrio alginolyticus under norfloxacin stress

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e12255
Author(s):  
Shuhe Chen ◽  
Yunsheng Chang ◽  
Yu Ding
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant System ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Vibrio Alginolyticus ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
Relative Expression Level ◽  
Regulation Network ◽  
Gas Molecules ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase Gene ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Regulative Mechanism

Antioxidant system is of great importance for organisms to regulate the level of excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) under the environmental stresses including antibiotics stress. Effects of norfloxacin (NOR) on cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS), nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and antioxidant enzymes were investigated, and interaction between NO and H2S and their regulation on the antioxidant system of Vibrio alginolyticus under NOR were determined as well in the present study. After treated with 2 µg/mL NOR (1/2 MIC), CBS content, H2S and NO contents decreased while H2O2 accumulation and the antioxidant-related genes mRNA level increased. Additionally, the endogenous H2S content in V. alginolyticus was increased by the exogenous NO, while H2O2 accumulation and the relative expression level of SOD (Superoxide dismutase gene) decreased under exogenous NO or H2S. And the content of endogenous NO and NOS in V. alginolyticus increased under the exogenous H2S as well. Taken together, these results showed that anti-oxidative ability in V. alginolyticus was respectively enhanced by the gas molecules of H2S and NO under NOR-induced stress, and there may be a crosstalk regulative mechanism between H2S and NO. These results lay a foundation for the research of regulation network of H2S and NO, and provide a hint to synthesize anti-vibrio drugs in the future.

scholarly journals Ethylene Supplementation Combined with Split Application of Nitrogen and Sulfur Protects Salt-Inhibited Photosynthesis through Optimization of Proline Metabolism and Antioxidant System in Mustard (Brassica juncea L.)

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1303
Author(s):  
Badar Jahan ◽  
Noushina Iqbal ◽  
Mehar Fatma ◽  
Zebus Sehar ◽  
Asim Masood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Antioxidant System ◽  
Photosynthetic Efficiency ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Proline Metabolism ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
Nutrient Assimilation ◽  
S Application

In the present study, the potential of ethylene as ethephon (an ethylene source) was investigated individually and in combination with split doses of nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) soil treatments for removal of the damaging effects of salt stress (100 mM NaCl) in mustard (Brassica juncea L.). Plants were grown with 50 mg N plus 50 mg S kg−1 soil at sowing time and an equivalent dose at 20 days after sowing [N50 + S50]0d and 20d. Ethephon at 200 μL L‒1 was applied to combined split doses of N and S with or without NaCl. Plants subjected to NaCl showed a decrease in growth and photosynthetic characteristics as well as N and S assimilation, whereas proline metabolism and antioxidants increased. The application of ethephon to plants grown with split N and S doses significantly enhanced photosynthetic efficiency by increasing the assimilation of N and S, improving the concentration of proline and induction of the antioxidant system with or without NaCl. The regulation of ethylene and/or split forms of N and S application may be potential tools for not just overcoming salt stress effects in this species and in related Brassicaceae but also enhancing their photosynthesis and growth potential through increased nutrient assimilation.

Retinoic acid suppression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in porcine oocyte

2002 ◽  
Vol 80 (8) ◽  
pp. 777-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masa-aki Hattori ◽  
Yukio Kato ◽  
Noboru Fujihara
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Hormonal Stimulation ◽  
Enos Mrna ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Endothelial Nitric Oxide

The presence of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) has been found in porcine oocytes, but its mRNA and protein levels remain relatively constant during hormonal stimulation. The present study was designed to determine the effect of retinoic acid on eNOS regulation in porcine oocytes during follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) stimulation. Cumulus–oocyte complexes (COCs), prepared from small antral follicles of immature porcine ovaries, were cultured for 15 h and treated with FSH for an additional 48 h. eNOS mRNA and its protein were analyzed by reverse transcription – polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting, respectively. Retinoic acid had an inhibitory effect on the level of oocyte eNOS mRNA in a dose-dependent manner if COCs were exposed to retinoic acid before FSH stimulation. The inhibition of FSH action was reflected in a decrease in expression of c-fos mRNA. eNOS protein also decreased to approximately 50% of the control after exposure to 10 μM retinoic acid. However, the ability of NO synthesis was abolished in the oocytes prepared from retinoic acid pretreated COCs. These results suggest that retinoic acid has a strong inhibitory action on eNOS mRNA level and NO synthesis in the porcine oocyte.Key words: oocyte, retinoic acid, NO synthesis, eNOS, RT–PCR.

scholarly journals Crocetin Downregulates the Proinflammatory Cytokines in Methylcholanthrene-Induced Rodent Tumor Model and Inhibits COX-2 Expression in Cervical Cancer Cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Chen ◽  
Zhao-Hui Hou ◽  
Zhe Dong ◽  
Chun-Dong Li
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Tumor Model ◽  
Uterine Cervical Cancer ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Cells ◽  
Cervical Cancer Cells ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Necrosis Factor

The effect of crocetin (C20H24O4) on methylcholanthrene- (MCA-) induced uterine cervical cancer in mice was studied in this paper. After the mice were treated orally with crocetin, maleic dialdehyde (MDA), polymorphonuclear cells (PMN), interleukin-1β(IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) were examined by ELISA or immunohistochemistry. The inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activation inHeLacells was analyzed using fluorescence microscopy for light microscopic examination. The MCA mice showed a significant increase in plasma MDA, PMN, IL-1β, TNF-α, and nitrates levels. At the same time, the mRNA level of COX-2 inHeLacells was also significantly increased. These changes were attenuated by crocetin supplementation in the MCA mice. Crocetin supplementation in the MCA mice also showed protection against cervical cancer. These results suggest that crocetin may act as a chemopreventive and an anti-inflammatory agent.

Nitric oxide synthase inhibition delays low-frequency stimulation-induced satellite cell activation in rat fast-twitch muscle

2011 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 996-1000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen J.B. Martins ◽  
Ian MacLean ◽  
Gordon K. Murdoch ◽  
Walter T. Dixon ◽  
Charles T. Putman
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Satellite Cell ◽  
Translational Control ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Low Frequency Stimulation ◽  
Frequency Stimulation ◽  
Oxide Synthase

This study examined the effect of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibition via Nω-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME) administration on low-frequency stimulation-induced satellite cell (SC) activation in rat skeletal muscle. l-NAME only delayed stimulation-induced increases in SC activity. Also, stimulation-induced increases in hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) mRNA and protein expression were only abrogated at the mRNA level in l-NAME–treated animals. Therefore, early stimulation-induced SC activation appears to be NOS-dependent, while continued activation may involve NOS-independent HGF translational control mechanisms.

scholarly journals Ethylene Supplementation Combined with Split Application of Nitrogen and Sulfur Protects Salt-Inhibited Photosynthesis through Optimization of Proline Metabolism and Antioxidant System in Mustard (Brassica juncea L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Badar Jahan ◽  
Mehar Fatma ◽  
Zebus Sehar ◽  
Asim Masood ◽  
Adriano Sofo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Antioxidant System ◽  
Photosynthetic Efficiency ◽  
Proline Metabolism ◽  
Split Application ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
S Application ◽  
Split Form

In the present study, the potential of ethylene as ethephon (an ethylene source) was investigated individually or with a combination of the split dosage of nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) soil treatments for the removal of damaging effects of salt stress (100 mM NaCl) in mustard (Brassica juncea L.). Plants were grown with 50 mg N plus 50 mg S kg−1 soil at sowing time and an equivalent dosage at 20 days after sowing ([N50 + S50]0d + [N50 + S50]20d). Ethephon at 200 μL L‒1 was applied to combined split dosage of N and S with or without NaCl. Plants subjected to NaCl showed a deceased in growth and photosynthetic characteristics as well as N and S assimilation, though, proline metabolism and antioxidants increased. The application of ethephon to plants grown with split N and S dosages significantly enhanced the photosynthetic efficiency by increasing the assimilation of N and S, improving the content of proline and induction of the antioxidant system with or without NaCl. The regulation of ethylene and/or split form N and S application may be the potential tools for overcoming salt stress effects in this species and in related Brassicaceae.

scholarly journals TheERK1/2Inhibitor U0126 Attenuates Diabetes-Induced Upregulation of MMP-9 and Biomarkers of Inflammation in the Retina

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghulam Mohammad ◽  
Mohammad Mairaj Siddiquei ◽  
Mohammad Imtiaz Nawaz ◽  
Ahmed M. Abu El-Asrar
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Level ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Tissue Inhibitor Of Metalloproteinase ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Extracellular Signal ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Metalloproteinase 9

This study was conducted to determine the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in a time-dependent manner and the effect of extracellular-signal-regulated kinases-1/2 (ERK1/2) inhibition on the expressions of MMP-9, TIMP-1, and inflammatory biomarkers in the retinas of diabetic rats. The expression of MMP-9 was quantified by zymography, and the mRNA level of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 was quantified by RT-PCR. The expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) was examined by Western blot analysis. MMP-9 expression was significantly higher in diabetic rat retinas compared to controls at all time points.TIMP-1 expression was nonsignificantly upregulated at 1week of diabetes and was significantly downregulated at 4 and 12 weeks of diabetes. Intravitreal administration of the ERK1/2inhibitor U0126 prior to induction of diabetes decreased ERK1/2activation, attenuated diabetes-induced upregulation of MMP-9, iNOS, IL-6, and TNF-αand upregulated TIMP-1 expression. In MMP-9 knockout mice, diabetes had no effect on retinal iNOS expression and its level remained unchanged. These data provide evidence that ERK1/2signaling pathway is involved in MMP-9, iNOS, IL-6, and TNF-αinduction in diabetic retinas and suggest that ERK1/2can be a novel therapeutic target in diabetic retinopathy.

scholarly journals The Proatherogenic Effect of Chronic Nitric Oxide Synthesis Inhibition in ApoE-Null Mice Is Dependent on the Presence of PPARα

PPAR Research ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Vechoropoulos ◽  
Maya Ish-Shalom ◽  
Sigal Shaklai ◽  
Jessica Sack ◽  
Naftali Stern ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Null Mouse ◽  
Aortic Sinus ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Plaque Area ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Endothelial Nitric Oxide ◽  
Fold Excess

Inhibition of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) accelerates atherosclerosis in ApoE-null mice by impairing the balance between angiotensin II (AII) and NO. Our previous data suggested a role for PPARαin the deleterious effect of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). We tested the hypothesis that ApoE-null mice lacking PPARα(DKO mice) would be resistant to the proatherogenic effect of NOS inhibition. DKO mice fed a Western diet were immune to the 23% worsening in aortic sinus plaque area seen in the ApoE-null animals under 12 weeks of NOS inhibition with a subpressor dose of L-NAME,P=0.002. This was accompanied by a doubling of reactive oxygen species (ROS-) generating aortic NADPH oxidase activity (a target of AII, which paralleled Nox1 expression) and by a 10-fold excess of the proatherogenic iNOS,P<0.01. L-NAME also caused a doubling of aortic renin and angiotensinogen mRNA level in the ApoE-null mice but not in the DKO, and it upregulated eNOS in the DKO mice only. These data suggest that, in the ApoE-null mouse, PPARαcontributes to the proatherogenic effect of unopposed RAS/AII action induced by L-NAME, an effect which is associated with Nox1 and iNOS induction, and is independent of blood pressure and serum lipids.

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