scholarly journals The landscape of fear conceptual framework: definition and review of current applications and misuses

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonny S. Bleicher
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Predation Risk ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Common Framework ◽  
Dimensional Distribution ◽  
Energetic State

Landscapes of Fear (LOF), the spatially explicit distribution of perceived predation risk as seen by a population, is increasingly cited in ecological literature and has become a frequently used “buzz-word”. With the increase in popularity, it became necessary to clarify the definition for the term, suggest boundaries and propose a common framework for its use. The LOF, as a progeny of the “ecology of fear” conceptual framework, defines fear as the strategic manifestation of the cost-benefit analysis of food and safety tradeoffs. In addition to direct predation risk, the LOF is affected by individuals’ energetic-state, inter- and intra-specific competition and is constrained by the evolutionary history of each species. Herein, based on current applications of the LOF conceptual framework, I suggest the future research in this framework will be directed towards: (1) finding applied management uses as a trait defining a population’s habitat-use and habitat-suitability; (2) studying multi-dimensional distribution of risk-assessment through time and space; (3) studying variability between individuals within a population; (4) measuring eco-neurological implications of risk as a feature of environmental heterogeneity and (5) expanding temporal and spatial scales of empirical studies.

scholarly journals The landscape of fear conceptual framework: definition and review of current applications and misuses

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonny S Bleicher
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Predation Risk ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Common Framework ◽  
Dimensional Distribution ◽  
History Of ◽  
Energetic State ◽  
The Cost

Landscapes of Fear (LOF), the spatially explicit distribution of perceived predation risk as seen by a population, is increasingly cited in ecological literature and has become a frequently used “buzz-word”. With the increase in popularity, it became necessary to clarify the definition for the term, suggest boundaries and propose a common framework for its use. The LOF, as a progeny of the “ecology of fear” conceptual framework, defines fear as the strategic manifest of the cost-benefit analysis of food and safety tradeoffs. In addition to direct predation risk, the LOF is affected by individuals’ energetic-state, inter- and intra-specific competition and is constrained by the evolutionary history of each species. Herein, based on current applications of the LOF conceptual framework, I suggest the future research in this framework will be directed towards: (1) finding applied management uses as a trait defining a population’s habitat-use and habitat-suitability; (2) studying multi-dimensional distribution of risk-assessment through time and space; (3) studying variability between individuals within a population; and (4) measuring eco-neurological implications of risk as a feature of environmental heterogeneity.

scholarly journals The landscape of fear conceptual framework: definition and review of current applications and misuses

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonny S Bleicher
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Predation Risk ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Common Framework ◽  
Dimensional Distribution ◽  
History Of ◽  
Energetic State ◽  
The Cost

Landscapes of Fear (LOF), the spatially explicit distribution of perceived predation risk as seen by a population, is increasingly cited in ecological literature and has become a frequently used “buzz-word”. With the increase in popularity, it became necessary to clarify the definition for the term, suggest boundaries and propose a common framework for its use. The LOF, as a progeny of the “ecology of fear” conceptual framework, defines fear as the strategic manifest of the cost-benefit analysis of food and safety tradeoffs. In addition to direct predation risk, the LOF is affected by individuals’ energetic-state, inter- and intra-specific competition and is constrained by the evolutionary history of each species. Herein, based on current applications of the LOF conceptual framework, I suggest the future research in this framework will be directed towards: (1) finding applied management uses as a trait defining a population’s habitat-use and habitat-suitability; (2) studying multi-dimensional distribution of risk-assessment through time and space; (3) studying variability between individuals within a population; and (4) measuring eco-neurological implications of risk as a feature of environmental heterogeneity.

scholarly journals Redefining the landscape of fear conceptual framework; a review of current applications and misuses

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonny S Bleicher
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Predation Risk ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Common Framework ◽  
Dimensional Distribution ◽  
History Of ◽  
Energetic State ◽  
The Cost

Landscapes of Fear (LOF), the spatially explicit distribution of perceived predation risk as seen by a population, is increasingly cited in ecological literature and has become a frequently used “buzz-word”. With the increase in popularity, it became necessary to clarify the definition for the term, suggest boundaries and propose a common framework for its use. The LOF, as a progeny of the “ecology of fear” conceptual framework, defines fear as the strategic manifest of the cost-benefit analysis of food and safety tradeoffs. In addition to direct predation risk, the LOF is affected by individuals’ energetic-state, inter- and intra-specific competition and is constrained by the evolutionary history of each species. Herein, based on current applications of the LOF conceptual framework, I suggest the future research in this framework will be directed towards: (1) finding applied management uses as a trait defining a population’s habitat-use and habitat-suitability; (2) studying multi-dimensional distribution of risk-assessment through time and space; (3) studying variability between individuals within a population; and (4) measuring eco-neurological implications of risk as a feature of environmental heterogeneity.

scholarly journals The landscape of fear conceptual framework: definition and review of current applications and misuses

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonny S Bleicher
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Predation Risk ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Common Framework ◽  
Dimensional Distribution ◽  
History Of ◽  
Energetic State ◽  
The Cost

Landscapes of Fear (LOF), the spatially explicit distribution of perceived predation risk as seen by a population, is increasingly cited in ecological literature and has become a frequently used “buzz-word”. With the increase in popularity, it became necessary to clarify the definition for the term, suggest boundaries and propose a common framework for its use. The LOF, as a progeny of the “ecology of fear” conceptual framework, defines fear as the strategic manifest of the cost-benefit analysis of food and safety tradeoffs. In addition to direct predation risk, the LOF is affected by individuals’ energetic-state, inter- and intra-specific competition and is constrained by the evolutionary history of each species. Herein, based on current applications of the LOF conceptual framework, I suggest the future research in this framework will be directed towards: (1) finding applied management uses as a trait defining a population’s habitat-use and habitat-suitability; (2) studying multi-dimensional distribution of risk-assessment through time and space; (3) studying variability between individuals within a population; and (4) measuring eco-neurological implications of risk as a feature of environmental heterogeneity.

Book Reviews

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 1033-1036
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Chicago School ◽  
Associate Professor ◽  
Law School ◽  
Hedonic Theory ◽  
The Law ◽  
Institute Of Technology

Matthew D. Adler of Duke University reviews “Happiness and the Law”, by John Bronsteen, Christopher Buccafusco, and Jonathan S. Masur. The Econlit abstract of this book begins: “Assesses how the law affects people's quality of life with a particular focus on criminal punishment and civil lawsuits. Discusses measuring happiness; well-being analysis; well-being analysis versus cost–benefit analysis; happiness and punishment; adaptation, affective forecasting, and civil litigation; some problems with preference theories and objective theories; a hedonic theory of well-being; addressing objections to the hedonic theory; and the future of happiness and the law. Bronsteen is a professor in the Loyola University Chicago School of Law. Buccafusco is an associate professor in the Chicago-Kent School of Law and Codirector of the Center for Empirical Studies of Intellectual Property at the Illinois Institute of Technology. Masur is John P. Wilson Professor of Law in the University of Chicago Law School.”

Determinants of the firm performance of returnee entrepreneurs in Somalia: the effects of external environmental conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed-Abdullahi Mohamed ◽  
Asmat-Nizam Abdul-Talib ◽  
AfifahAlwani Ramlee
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Future Research ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Somali Diaspora ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Perceived Environmental Uncertainty

Purpose This study aims to examine the role of returning Somali diaspora entrepreneurs on firm performance and their perceived environmental obstacles. Design/methodology/approach The paper draws on a broad literature review and covers a theoretical background to develop a research framework. It presents several propositions to be empirically tested to determine the influence of returnee entrepreneurs’ success and the challenges they face in the process. Findings The paper offers an overview of how Somali diaspora returnee entrepreneurs can use their resources to succeed in their business and the possible environmental uncertainties that could hinder them. The study highlights some under-researched areas and provides future research directions. Research limitations/implications A research investigation is needed to test the proposed conceptual framework empirically. Further research is also recommended to use other predictors when investigating the perceived environmental uncertainty faced by returnee entrepreneurs. Practical implications In the diaspora entrepreneurship literature, returnee entrepreneurs in post-conflict African countries did not get enough attention. Hence, the study will contribute theoretically to the literature. Originality/value The paper provides a conceptual framework that will help understand returnee entrepreneurs in post-conflict states in Africa, paving the way for empirical studies on the topic.

scholarly journals Student Course Evaluations In Traditional And Blended Courses: A Case Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gadis Nowell
Keyword(s):  
Blended Learning ◽  
Student Satisfaction ◽  
Student Learning ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Course Satisfaction ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Traditional Learning ◽  
Net Benefit

It is generally held that blended learning is gaining acceptance and being adopted at college campuses throughout the U.S.  Accompanying this trend has been an expansion of the research efforts in this area. These efforts have been guided mainly by the five pillars of the Sloan Consortium Quality Framework (Sloan-C) and two large questions.    One question is, “Is blended learning better than other learning environments?"   In this study, this question was examined from the perspective of the Sloan-C's student satisfaction pillar.  The research question was stated as follows:  “Is the level of student course satisfaction generated by blended learning higher than that which is generated by traditional face-to-face classroom learning?”  The results of this study revealed "no differences" between blended and traditional learning on the student course satisfaction variable.  In this regard, it is important to note that this finding of "no differences" is consistent with the existing research findings on student learning effectiveness as well.  Given this combined evidential pattern the following question is relevant and has implications for future research efforts in this area:  "Within the context of cost/benefit analysis, why should an institution invest the additional resources needed to effectively implement a blended format when, in accordance with the existing research evidence, there is little or no net benefit in terms of its impact on students; i.e., either in terms of student satisfaction or student learning?".

scholarly journals Key Principles for Managing Recovery of Kelp Forests through Restoration

BioScience ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (8) ◽  
pp. 688-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca L Morris ◽  
Robin Hale ◽  
Elisabeth M A Strain ◽  
Simon E Reeves ◽  
Adriana Vergés ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Best Practice ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Dispersal Ability ◽  
Kelp Forests ◽  
Trial And Error ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Scant Attention

Abstract There is increasing interest in mitigating the loss of kelp forests through restoration, but this has received scant attention relative to other coastal habitats. We evaluate current knowledge centered on key restoration principles to provide guidelines for best practice in kelp restoration. The cause and scale of degradation is fundamental in determining if kelp can be restored and the methods required to promote reestablishment. Removal of stressors may be adequate to achieve restoration goals where degradation is not too widespread or acute. Extensive losses of kelp forests will often require active reseeding of areas because of the low dispersal ability of many kelp species. Restoration efforts have generally taken a trial-and-error approach at experimental scales to develop techniques for establishing individuals. Furthermore, studies that inform cost–benefit analysis and the appropriate spatial scales for restoration of sustainable kelp forests are urgently needed for prioritizing and scaling up restoration efforts globally.

B. MODEL KEPEMIMPINAN KHARISMATIK KYAI DAN TINGKAT KESEJAHTERAAN MASYARAKAT MADURA DI JAWA-TIMUR INDONESIA.

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Hardiono . ◽  
Erlyna Gydayantari ◽  
Eryana Setyarti
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Environmental Change ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Charismatic Leadership ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Environment Changes ◽  
Structural Relationships ◽  
Ethnic Leadership

Objectives - The models used in the empirical study of leadership kyai in Madura ethnic in line with the more modern environment changes. Reflecting the environmental change this paper aims to propose a framework for leadership of charismatic kyai in Madura ethnic-based impact on the welfare of stimulus-organism-response (S-O-R) wide. The design / methodology / approach - This paper offers a conceptual framework that integrates the components of the leadership of religious scholars in ethnic Madurese kharismatic.Findings -  This framework is useful for academics and regions. This framework can help steer academics to various existing literature charismatic leadership and help researchers development empirical studies that describe ethnic leadership kyai in Madurese. For the professional, this framework can be used as guidance in building a successful region.Research/ Limitations/ implications - This paper does not examine empirically the proposed framework. However, this paper provides suggestions for future research, including reviewing the empirical structural relationships in this framework.

Company Income Taxes and Foreign Direct Investment in Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Onome Edo ◽  
Omoye Alade
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Tax Incentives ◽  
Corporate Taxes ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Current Economic Situation ◽  
Research Findings

This paper discusses corporate taxes and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in Nigeria. It is a review of literature that attempts to explore and give a reality on the response of FDI to corporate taxes. This paper shows in its introductory phase a prior discussion of the terms corporate tax and FDI and also elements of both terms and classifications. It follows with issues such as the effects of corporate taxes on FDI. This paper discusses the rhetoric whether reduced corporate taxes and other tax incentives has an effect on the inflow of FDI in Nigeria. To answer this question, the paper utilised information gathered from secondary sources including books, newspapers publications, working papers and research findings from studies. This paper shows that from surveyed empirical studies corporate taxes may have an important role in attracting FDI and have a rising effect on the development of the country, and as such recommends that tax incentives should be employed as a means  to attracting FDI, a cost benefit analysis should be employed on the types of corporate taxes  to determine the benefit from the perceived FDI inflow, in addition a review of the current tax policies should be carried out as they seem not to respond to the current economic situation.

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