scholarly journals A comparative study of root canal shaping using protaper universal and protaper next rotary files in preclinical dental education

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e7419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gül Çelik ◽  
Feyza Özdemir Kısacık ◽  
Emir Faruk Yılmaz ◽  
Arife Mersinlioğlu ◽  
İhsan Furkan Ertuğrul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Rotary Instruments ◽  
Working Length ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Canal Shaping

BackgroundDentistry has undergone an evolution in endodontics practice caused by the advancement of rotary techniques for root canal preparation and their subsequent incorporation into the teaching of dentistry undergraduates. This research aimed to evaluate the shaping ability of third-year dental students as their first experience in rotary instrumentation using ProTaper Universal (PTU) and ProTaper Next (PTN) (Dentsply Maillefer) rotary instruments in simulated curved canals.MethodsForty students instrumented 200 simulated canals with a 40° curvature in resin blocks according to the manufacturer’s instructions with PTU and 39 students and 195 canals with PTN files. The canals were prepared at a speed of 300 rpm using a 16:1 reduction hand-piece powered by an electric motor (Xsmart; Dentsply Maillefer). The final apical preparation was set to F2 for the PTU and X2 for the PTN group. The change in canal curvature was evaluated based on Schneider technique using the AutoCAD 2007 software on post-digital photographs. The incidence of instrument fracture and deformation, the incidence of ledge, the change in working length (WL), and the working time were noted. The data were analyzed with Student’st-test and Chi-Square test at a significance level of 0.05 using SPSS.ResultsPTN maintained the original canal curvature better, resulting in fewer fractures and ledges, and shaped the canals faster than the PTU (P < 0.05). The mean curves of the resin canals after the instrumentation for the PTU and PTN groups were 24.03° ± 3.14° and 25.64° ± 2.72°, respectively. Thirty-three (17.4%) PTU and 18 (9.3%) PTN files fractured (p < 0.05). Nine (4.5%) PTU and 2 (2.6%) PTN deformed (p > 0.05). The change in WL after instrumentation was 0.97 mm ± 0.95 mm in PTU and 0.96 mm ± 0.80 mm in PTN (p < 0.05). The mean times were 627 s ± 18 s for PTU and 379 s ± 18 s for PTN (p < 0.000).DiscussionPTN can be recommended in severely curved root canals in terms of maintenance of the original canal curvature, superior instrument fracture and fewer ledges. Even if training before preparation provides an acceptable level of canal shaping for preclinical students, the use of NiTi rotary instruments should be included in the undergraduate dental curriculum, contributing to an increase in the quality of root canal shaping and, consequently, to an improvement of the clinical experience of students.

scholarly journals Quality of Root Canal Fillings Performed by Undergraduate Dental Students

2011 ◽  
Vol 05 (03) ◽  
pp. 324-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gul Celik Unal ◽  
Ayse Diljin Kececi ◽  
Bulem Ureyen Kaya ◽  
Ali Gurhan Tac
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Technical Quality ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Molar Teeth ◽  
Clinical Curriculum

ABSTRACTObjectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the radiographic quality of root canal fillings performed by first and second clinical year dental students at the Faculty of Dentistry in Süleyman Demirel University, Turkey. Methods: The technical quality of 833 root canal fillings was evaluated by three examiners according to the density of the filling and the distance between the end of the filling and the radiographic apex. A root canal with acceptable filling length and homogeneous root filling was defined as being good quality endodontic work (GQEW). A treated tooth was defined as having good quality endodontic work tooth (GQEW-T) when all its canals had a GQEW rating. Results: A Chi-square (χ2) test at the 0.05 significance level was used for the statistical analysis of the data. Of a total of 833 root canals, 662 (79.47%) root fillings were classed as GQEW. Two hundred fifty canals (73.4%) (135 teeth) treated by first clinical year dental students were defined as GQEW-T while 412 canals (204 teeth) (73.9%) treated by second clinical year dental students were defined as GQEW-T (P>.05). Most of the GQEW-T were defined in anterior teeth (90.1%), whereas the fewest were in molar teeth (46.6%) for both first and second clinical year dental students (P<.001). Conclusions: The quality of root canal fillings in anterior teeth performed by undergraduate dental students in Isparta, Turkey was satisfactory. However, to improve the success with molar teeth, education about newer techniques and instruments must be incorporated into the preclinical and clinical curriculum. (Eur J Dent 2011;5:324-330)

scholarly journals The shaping advantage of M-wire compared with conventional nickel-titanium rotary instruments in heavy curvature canal

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mika Tanaka-Sato ◽  
Noriko Mutoh ◽  
Kaori Shimojima ◽  
Nobuyuki Tani-Ishii
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Nickel Titanium ◽  
Canal Wall ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Rotary Instruments ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Canal Shaping ◽  
Shaping Ability

Abstract Background The purpose of this study was to evaluate the shaping advantage of M-wire NiTi ProTaper NEXT (PTN) compared with a conventional NiTi ProTaper Universal (PTU) file in heavy curvature canal. The shaping ability was measured by the amount of canal cutting and transportation between the PTN and conventional PTU. Methods Root canal shaping by the PTN and conventional PTU was classified into two experimental groups according to the final tip size, ISO #25 or ISO #40. Eighty-four J-shaped root canals (10°, 20°, 30° apical curvature) in resin block were used. Results After adjusting for the level and canal wall side, the mean transportation did not significantly decrease between the PTN and PTU with ISO #25. Significantly less deviation occurred with the PTN and PTU between 10° and 30° using ISO #40. Conclusions The M-Wire NiTi PTN improves file flexibility and enables accurate canal shaping for heavy curvature canals.

scholarly journals Effect of a Modified Irrigation Protocol on the Cleanliness of Moderately Curved Canals

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garance Voegeli ◽  
Enrico Di Bella ◽  
Mustapha Mekki ◽  
Pierre Machtou ◽  
Serge Bouillaguet
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Apical Region ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Root Dentin ◽  
Edx Analyses ◽  
Canal Shaping ◽  
Wallis Anova ◽  
Better Than

Abstract Objectives This study tested the hypothesis that modifying the sequence of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl)/ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA) irrigation during root canal shaping would improve apical cleanliness in moderately curved canals. Materials and Methods Forty-five root canals were prepared using Protaper Gold with three irrigation protocols. Standard irrigation (SI) used 0.5 mL 3% NaOCl between each instrument, followed by 5 mL 17% EDTA manually agitated for 30 seconds. Reverse irrigation (RI) used 0.5 mL of 17% EDTA between each instrument, then 5 mL of 3% NaOCl, manually agitated for 30 seconds. Reverse irrigation plus (RI+) was similar to RI, except NaOCl (5 mL), used as a final rinse, (5 mL), used as a final rinse, was allowed to interact for 3 minutes with dentin before manual agitation (30 seconds).Root canal cleanliness was evaluated under the scanning electron microscope (SEM) (Hulsmann score); the chemical composition of dentin after irrigation was analyzed by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX). Statistical Analysis Results were compared using Kruskal–Wallis ANOVA by ranks and Wilcoxon matched paired posthoc tests. A Chi-square test assessed whether the best cleanliness would demonstrate a significant association with one irrigation protocol; odds ratio calculation was performed using score “1” versus score “2 or more” (2+) (p < 0.05). Results In the apical region, cleanliness was better in RI+ than SI and both significantly better than RI. Odd ratios indicate that the cleanliness in RI+ was significantly better than RI and SI groups (p < 0.000 and 0.003, respectively). Independently of the irrigation protocol, EDX analyses showed no chemical alteration of root dentin. Conclusions Using 17% EDTA during shaping, followed by 3% NaOCl rinse for 3 minutes, improved apical cleanliness without inducing erosion of dentin.

scholarly journals Dentinal Microcrack Formation During Root Canal Treatment with Mtwo Instruments and MicroSeal Filling Technique

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 31-37
Author(s):  
Teocrito Carlesi ◽  
Giuseppe Nigro ◽  
Luigi Di Giacomo ◽  
Gianluca Plotino ◽  
Vito Antonio Malagnino
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Root Canal Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Root Canal Filling ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Rotary Instruments ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Microcrack Formation ◽  
Group 2

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate dentinal microcrack formation during root canal treatment using Mtwo NiTi rotary instruments and MicroSeal filling technique. Materials and Methods: Forty-five single-rooted teeth were selected for the present study and divided into 3 different groups ( n = 15): Group 1, in which root canals were instrumented with Mtwo rotary files; Group 2, in which root canals were instrumented with Mtwo rotary files and filled using the MicroSeal technique; and Group 3, that acts as a control group in which no instrumentation nor obturation were performed. Then, roots were sectioned 3 mm, 6 mm, and 9 mm from the apex and the cut surface has been observed under a stereomicroscope to check for the presence or absence of dentinal microcracks. Number of dentinal microcracks was registered for each group at different levels and data were statistically analyzed using the Chi-square test with a level of significance set at P < .05. Results: No statistically significant differences were registered among groups ( P < .05). No microcracks were detected in Groups 1 and 3, while two dentinal microcracks were registered in Group 2. Conclusions: Mtwo rotary instruments and the MicroSeal root canal filling technique did not significantly induce dentinal microcrack formation.

scholarly journals Microbial distribution in the root canal system after periapical lesion induction using different methods

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliane Maria Guerreiro Tanomaru ◽  
Mario Roberto Leonardo ◽  
Mário Tanomaru-Filho ◽  
Léa Assed Bezerra da Silva ◽  
Izabel Yoko Ito
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Similar Distribution ◽  
Periapical Lesion ◽  
Canal System ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Microbial Distribution ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Root Canal System

The aim of this study was to evaluate the microbial distribution in the root canal system after periapical lesion induction in dogs' teeth using different methods. Fifty-two root canals were assigned to 4 groups (n=13). Groups I and II: root canals were exposed to the oral cavity for 180 days; groups III and IV: root canals were exposed for 7 days and then the coronal openings were sealed for 53 days. The root apices of groups I and III were perforated, while those of groups II and IV remained intact. After the experimental periods, the animals were euthanized and the anatomic pieces containing the roots were processed and stained with the Brown & Brenn method to assess the presence and distribution of microorganisms. The incidence of microorganisms at different sites of the roots and periapical lesions was analyzed statistically by the chi-square test at 5% significance level. All groups presented microorganisms in the entire root canal system. A larger number of microorganisms was observed on the root canal walls, apical delta and dentinal tubules (p<0.05), followed by cementum and cemental resorption areas. In spite of the different periods of exposure to the oral environment, the methods used for induction of periapical periodontitis yielded similar distribution of microorganisms in the root canal system.

scholarly journals Dentinal crack formation during root canal preparations by the twisted file adaptive, Reciproc and WaveOne instruments

2015 ◽  
Vol 09 (04) ◽  
pp. 508-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard M. Gergi ◽  
Nada E. Osta ◽  
Alfred S. Naaman
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Crack Formation ◽  
Rotary Motion ◽  
Reciprocating Motion ◽  
Root Canal Preparation ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Single File ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Canal Shaping

ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to compare the frequency of dentinal microcracks after root canal shaping with 2 reciprocating (Reciproc and WaveOne) and 1 combined continuous reciprocating motion twisted files adaptive (TFA) rotary system. Materials and Methods: Ninety molars were chosen and divided into three groups of 30 each. Root canal preparation was achieved by using Reciproc R25, Primary WaveOne and TFA systems. All the roots were horizontally sectioned at 15, 9, and 3 mm from the apex. The slices were then viewed each under a microscope at × 25 magnification to determine the presence of cracks. The absence/presence of cracks was recorded, and the data were analyzed with a Chi-square test. The significance level was set at P < 0.05. Results: Instrumentation with Reciproc produced significantly more complete cracks than WaveOne and TFA (P = 0.032). The TFA system produced significantly less cracks then the Reciproc and WaveOne systems apically (P = 0.004). Conclusions: Within the limits of this study, the TFA system caused less cracks then the full reciprocating system (Reciproc and WaveOne). Single-file reciprocating files produced significantly more incomplete dentinal cracks than full-sequence adaptive rotary motion.

scholarly journals Ex vivo accuracy of three electronic apex locators using different apical file sizes

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Carvalho de Vasconcelos ◽  
Leonardo de Alencar Matos ◽  
Elilton Cavalcante Pinheiro-Júnior ◽  
Antônio Sérgio Teixeira de Menezes ◽  
Nilton Vivacqua-Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Apical Constriction ◽  
Visual Measurement ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Mean

This study evaluated the accuracy of three electronic apex locators (Root ZX, Novapex, and Justy II) in root canal length determinations using different apical file sizes, considering the apical constriction (AC) and the major foramen (MF) as anatomic references. The diameter of the apical foramina of 40 single-rooted teeth was determined by direct visual measurement and the master apical file was established. Electronic measurements were then performed using 3 instruments: the selected master apical file (adjusted file), one size smaller (intermediate file), and two sizes smaller (misfit file). The distances from the tip of files fixed in the canals to the MF and to the AC were measured digitally. Precision at AC and at MF for the misfit, intermediate and adjusted apical files was as follows: 80%/88%/83% and 78%/83%/95% (Root ZX); 80%/85%/80% and 68%/73%/73% (Novapex); and 78%/80%/78% and 65%/78%/70% (Justy II). Considering the mean discrepancies, statistically significant differences were found only for the adjusted file at MF, with Root ZX presenting the best results at MF. The chi-square test showed significant differences between the acceptable measurements at AC and at MF for the Justy II and Novapex (± 0.5 mm) regardless of file adjustment. Under the conditions of the present study, all devices provided acceptable electronic measurements regardless of file adjustment, except for Root ZX which had its performance improved significantly when the precisely fit apical file was used. Justy II and Novapex provided electronic measurements nearest to the AC.

scholarly journals Knowledge and ability to manage medical emergencies among dental students

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-166
Author(s):  
Chitturi Prashanthi ◽  
Prashant B Patil ◽  
Vajendra Joshi ◽  
Kiran Kumar K R ◽  
Shilpa R T
Keyword(s):  
Life Support ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Medical Emergency ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Medical Emergencies ◽  
The Difference

: An emergency can be encountered anytime and anywhere. Minimal knowledge about medical emergency and their etiology, primary protocol for management must be known to avoid potential consequences. Hence, the present study was undertaken to compare the knowledge, and ability to handle the medical emergencies among the dental students. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 100 randomly selected dental students (post-graduate students and interns) comprising of two groups of students those who had underwent training and those who did not. The data obtained was analyzed using the SPSS for windows version 22.0 released 2013. Independent chi square test was used for comparison of responses and independent student t-test was used for the comparison of mean scores. The significance level was set at p&#60;0.001. : The average mean knowledge and ability score was 68% & 61.4% respectively among the participants. On further comparison of mean knowledge & ability scores between the participants with & without basic life support training, participants with BLS training showed better knowledge than those without training and the difference was statistically significant between the two groups (p&#60;0.001%). The study found deficiencies in the knowledge and ability of untrained graduates to deal with medical emergencies as compared to trained.

The Influence of Cervical Preflaring of Root Canal on Determination of Initial Apical File using Gates Glidden Drills, Protaper, Race and Diamond-Coated Galaxy Files

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 554-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
TS Ashwini ◽  
Sonam Bhandari
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Size Determination ◽  
File Size ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Multiple Comparison Test ◽  
Rotary Instruments ◽  
Working Length ◽  
Maxillary Premolars

ABSTRACT Aim To investigate the influence of cervical preflaring on apical file size determination using four different rotary instruments. Materials and methods Fifty root canals from extracted human maxillary premolars with complete root formation, straight roots were used for the study. Access opening was done and the working length established with 8 no K-file for each canal. Teeth were randomly divided into five groups of 10 canals. In Group 1- no preflaring was done and acted as control and in Groups 2, 3, 4 and 5 cervical and middle third preflaring of the root canals were done using Gates Glidden drills, Protaper instruments, Race instruments and Galaxy files respectively. After preflaring, the apical file size determination was done and the initial apical file (IAF) was fixed at the working length. Teeth were sectioned transversally 1 mm from the apex, with the binding file in position. The samples were imaged under stereomicroscope with 30× magnification. Root canal and file maximum diameters were recorded for each sample. The readings were subjected to analysis of variance test and Scheffe's multiple comparison test. Results Preflaring with Race instruments lead to most accurate determination of the IAF. It was followed by Protaper, Galaxy files and Gates Glidden drills. Conclusion Traditional method of apical size determination may lead to a substantial underestimation of actual canal size. Cervical preflaring increases the accuracy of apical size determination. Clinical significance Thus, cervical preflaring is recommended before selection of IAF as it increases the accuracy of apical size determination. How to cite this article Ashwini TS, Bhandari S. The Influence of Cervical Preflaring of Root Canal on Determination of Initial Apical File using Gates Glidden Drills, Protaper, Race and Diamond-Coated Galaxy Files. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012; 13(4):554-558.

scholarly journals Effects of Diode Laser, Gaseous Ozone, and Medical Dressings onEnterococcus faecalisBiofilms in the Root Canal Ex Vivo

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerstin Bitter ◽  
Alexander Vlassakidis ◽  
Mediha Niepel ◽  
Daniela Hoedke ◽  
Julia Schulze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diode Laser ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Bacterial Reduction ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Planktonic Bacteria ◽  
Gaseous Ozone ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Chi Square Test

The objective was to compare the antibacterial effects of adjunctive disinfection using diode laser and gaseous ozone compared to the medical dressings calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) and chlorhexidine gel (CHX-Gel) onEnterococcus faecalisbiofilms in human root canals ex vivo. Root canals of 180 human extracted teeth were infected byE. faecalisand divided into 3 main groups (G): G1, control; G2, instrumentation and irrigation using 0.9% NaCl; G3, instrumentation and irrigation using 1% NaOCl. In each main group, the following treatments were applied: gaseous ozone, diode laser, and medical dressings of Ca(OH)2or CHX-Gel for 7 days (n=15). Reduction of colony forming units (CFUs) inside the root canal of planktons and frequencies of adherent bacteria after treatment were calculated. Bacterial reduction was significantly affected by the irrigation protocol (p<0.0005) and the disinfection method (p<0.0005), and a significant interaction between both factors could be observed (p<0.0005; ANOVA). In G3 (instrumentation using 1% NaOCl), no significant effect of disinfection methods could be demonstrated on planktonic bacteria (p=0.062; ANOVA) and frequencies of adherent bacteria (p>0.05; chi-square test). Instrumentation and irrigation using NaOCl combined with ozone or laser application resulted in comparable bacterial reduction onE. faecalisto the application of medical dressings.

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