scholarly journals Effectiveness of agricultural wastes in soil stabilization.

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Deborah Dauda ◽  
Manju Dominic
Keyword(s):  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Expansive Soils ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Agricultural Wastes ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽  
Concrete Production ◽  
The Cost

Many ways have been sought to improve soils, especially expansive soils which have been problematic to structures and pavements built over them and soil stabilization seems to be one of the effective ways. But soil stabilization in itself is not cost-effective hence the introduction of agricultural wastes being researched on and seen as a cheaper means to be used as stabilizing agents which helps in minimizing the cost of soil stabilization, thereby reducing the problem of waste disposal. Agricultural wastes like Rice Husk Ash, Bagasse Ash, Sugarcane Straw Ash, Saw Dust Ash, Coconut Husk Ash, Millet Husk Ash, Corn Cob Ash, Locust Bean Pod Ash, Cassava Peel Ash and Bamboo Leaf Ash have been experimented with in stabilizing soils and as well, serving as supplementary cementitious materials for cement in concrete production. The strengths of the soils and the concrete stabilized with these wastes were seen to improve significantly and their effectiveness was estimated based on an average optimum value. Agricultural waste processing Industries can be set up to help in the massive production of these natural stabilizers which would lessen the cost of soil stabilization using cement and chemicals and also generally reduce problems that are associated with waste disposal, helping in waste management.  Keywords—expansive soils, soil stabilization, agricultural wastes

scholarly journals Agricultural Solid Waste as Source of Supplementary Cementitious Materials in Developing Countries

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suvash Chandra Paul ◽  
Peter Mbewe ◽  
Sih Kong ◽  
Branko Šavija
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Agricultural Wastes ◽  
Cement Industry ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Cement Production ◽  
Cement Replacement ◽  
Concrete Production

Concrete production utilizes cement as its major ingredient. Cement production is an important consumer of natural resources and energy. Furthermore, the cement industry is a significant CO2 producer. To reduce the environmental impact of concrete production, supplementary cementitious materials such as fly ash, blast furnace slag, and silica fume are commonly used as (partial) cement replacement materials. However, these materials are industrial by-products and their availability is expected to decrease in the future due to, e.g., closing of coal power plants. In addition, these materials are not available everywhere, for example, in developing countries. In these countries, industrial and agricultural wastes with pozzolanic behavior offer opportunities for use in concrete production. This paper summarizes the engineering properties of concrete produced using widespread agricultural wastes such as palm oil fuel ash, rice husk ash, sugarcane bagasse ash, and bamboo leaf ash. Research on cement replacement containing agricultural wastes has shown that there is great potential for their utilization as partial replacement for cement and aggregates in concrete production. When properly designed, concretes containing these wastes have similar or slightly better mechanical and durability properties compared to ordinary Portland cement (OPC) concrete. Thus, successful use of these wastes in concrete offers novel sustainable materials and contributes to greener construction as it reduces the amount of waste, while also minimizing the use of virgin raw materials for cement production. This paper will help the concrete industry choose relevant waste products and their optimum content for concrete production. Furthermore, this study identifies research gaps which may help researchers in further studying concrete based on agricultural waste materials.

scholarly journals Supplementary cementitious materials origin from agricultural wastes – A review

2015 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 176-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evi Aprianti ◽  
Payam Shafigh ◽  
Syamsul Bahri ◽  
Javad Nodeh Farahani
Keyword(s):  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Agricultural Wastes ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Materials

Suitability of Cordia millenii Ash Blended Cement in Concrete Production

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 59-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olusola Emmanuel Babalola ◽  
Paul O. Awoyera
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Blended Cement ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽  
Sieve Analysis ◽  
Concrete Production ◽  
Alternative Materials ◽  
Concrete Control

Supplementary cementitious materials are most needed to enhance a sustainable development in poor communities. It is pertinent to investigate the suitability of such alternative materials for construction. The present study evaluates the strength characteristics of concrete made with varied proportion of Cordia millenii ash blended with Portland cement. Chemical composition of Cordia millenii and the setting time when blended with cement was determined. Other laboratory tests performed on Cordia millenii blended cement include: sieve analysis and specific gravity. Five replacement percentages of Cordia millenii (5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) were blended with cement in concrete. Control specimens were also produced with only cement. Tests to determine the workability, air entrained, bulk density and compressive strength properties of the concrete were also conducted. Results obtained revealed that optimum Cordia millenii mix is 10%, which yielded the highest density and compressive strength in the concrete.

Application of Zeolite as a Partial Replacement of Cement in Concrete Production

2014 ◽  
Vol 621 ◽  
pp. 30-34
Author(s):  
Eva Vejmelková ◽  
Dana Koňáková ◽  
Monika Čáchová ◽  
Martin Keppert ◽  
Adam Hubáček ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Portland Cement ◽  
Natural Zeolite ◽  
General Rule ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Substitution Level ◽  
Concrete Production ◽  
Zeolite Rock

Natural zeolite rocks are known to be able to act as Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCM) in Portland cement based concrete. Generally SCMs are reacting with portlandite and providing binding hydration products just as Portland cement does. In this way an SCM can substitute certain amount of Portland cement in concrete and thus reduce the related energy consumption and CO2 generation. Due to a large variability of SCMs composition and properties there is not any general rule for an optimum Portland cement substitution level. In this paper, the influence of natural zeolite rock on selected mechanical, hygric and thermal properties of concrete is studied. Experimental results show that the analyzed zeolite is acting as a pozzolan but for higher amounts its application leads to an increase in concrete porosity which affects its properties in a significant way.

scholarly journals Performance of Beting Bamboo (Gigantochloa Levis) as Partial Replacement for Coarse Aggregate in Concrete

2021 ◽  
Vol 920 (1) ◽  
pp. 012014
Author(s):  
R M K Tahara ◽  
M H Hasnan ◽  
N Z N Azizan
Keyword(s):  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Natural Fibre ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Concrete Mixtures ◽  
Concrete Production ◽  
Alternative Materials

Abstract Conventional construction materials are considered as exploitation to natural resources. Thus, numerous alternative materials using natural or waste materials are proposed for concrete production as a response for greener, renewable and biodegradable environments with regard to sustainability. Natural fibre such as bamboo has been rapidly proposed for many applications especially for concrete production in construction. In order to tackle the environmental issues and focusing on sustainability, natural fibre of Beting bamboo is proposed for partial replacement used as supplementary cementitious materials. Current study investigates the partial replacement of coarse aggregate with Beting bamboo in concrete mixtures. The outcome of the study discovers that through the mix design, replacing 5% by weight of Beting bamboo is an ideal % to achieve concrete mixture for structural and nonstructural application. However, with the increase % of Beting bamboo for partial replacement, the strength of the concrete gradually decreased.

scholarly journals Fresh/Mechanical/Durability Properties and Structural Performance of Enginnered Cementitious Composite (ECC)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maulin Bipinchandra Mavani
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Cementitious Composite ◽  
Durability Properties ◽  
Bridge Structures ◽  
Stud Shear Connector

Engineered Cementitious Composite (ECC) is an ultra ductile concrete with strain-hardening and multiple-cracking behaviour in tension and flexure. Fresh, mechanical and durability properties of different ECC mixtures are evaluated by incorporating supplementary cementitious materials (class F, CI fly ash and slag) and different aggregate type. Experimental studies demonstrated viability of producing greener, sustainable and cost-effective ECC using locally available aggregates (crushed sand) instead of microsilica sand and fly ash (Class CI or F) of up to 70% cement replacement having similar or better fresh, mechanical and durability properties. Structural validation by small scale tests on bridge decks with ECC link slab and by push out tests to evaluate stud shear connector-ECC interaction compared with self-consolidating concrete (SCC) proved feasibility and advantages of these ECC mixes. Based on research, recommendations are made for ECC mix design and their application in link slab construction in bridge structures.

A Review on Bioethanol Production from the Orange Peel Waste (OPW) Using Cellulolytic Soil Bacteria

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 662-674
Author(s):  
Vani B S ◽  
Dr. Sindhu Anoop
Keyword(s):  
Soil Bacteria ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Soil Microbes ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Orange Peel ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Lignocellulosic Waste ◽  
Orange Peel Waste ◽  
The Cost

To avoid economic impact and environmental effect of agricultural waste, the reuse of the agricultural waste is needed. For this purpose, the naturally available cheap soil microorganisms with potential application can be used. Many soil microbes have cellulase enzyme which can act on lignocellulosic waste material. The current research on producing bioethanol are aimed to reduce the production cost using low-cost substrates and enzymes. In line with this, in this study the orange peel waste will be used to produce bioethanol using the soil isolated microorganisms in the cost-effective way.

Effect of MIRHA and Fly Ash in Ductile Self-Compacting Concrete on Abrasion and Impact Performance

2014 ◽  
Vol 567 ◽  
pp. 393-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhd Fadhil Nuruddin ◽  
Norzaireen Mohd Azmee ◽  
Kok Yung Chang
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽  
Impact Performance ◽  
Cement Replacement ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Partial Cement Replacement ◽  
Reference Specimens ◽  
The Cost

The benefits of Microwave Incinerated Rice Husk Ash (MIRHA) as partial cement replacement materials in DSCC mixes has led to the research on the possibilities of combining both MIRHA and fly ash as an addition in DSCC replacing up to 20% of cement volume whilst maintaining satisfactory properties. The addition of both materials can improve concrete properties and reduce the cost of DSCC production. These supplementary cementitious materials are expected to give positive effects on the concrete abrasion and impact resistance. The incorporations of both MIRHA and fly ash in DSCC as cement replacement materials are considered as a new type of concrete. Therefore, it is important to have a complete knowledge on the behaviour of the composite material when being subjected to repetitive dynamic loading. The test results showed that MIRHA and fly ash combination in DSCC improved both abrasion and impact resistance of DSCC compared to reference specimens.

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