Oil as the Target: Reviewing the Government's Response to a Major Oil Spill Resulting from a Terrorist Attack

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 (1) ◽  
pp. 733-736
Author(s):  
Larry W. Hewett ◽  
Jeff Gafkjen ◽  
Tim Deal
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spills ◽  
Terrorist Attack ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Response System ◽  
Response Planning ◽  
Oil Storage ◽  
National Response ◽  
Federal Response ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT If the events of September 11th tell us nothing else, they clearly illustrate that our decades old response planning scenarios and response capabilities need to be re-evaluated. Intentional acts and terrorist incidents are designed to result in maximum impact. Had the terrorists chosen an oil storage facility as their target for mass destruction, how prepared would the National Response System be to mount the proper response in order to minimize the impact? This paper seeks to answer that question by first describing just such a scenario and the Federal government's role in managing the consequences. The emerging role of government agencies that do not typically respond to oil spills would join forces with core members of the National Response System (NRS) by way of the Federal Response Plan (FRP). This paper explores gaps in the integration of the FRP and the National Oil and Hazardous Materials Pollution Contingency Plan (NCP) and proposes solutions that help bridge those gaps.

UNDERSTANDING THE GREY ENTREPRENEUR

2004 ◽  
Vol 12 (02) ◽  
pp. 147-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
PAULL WEBER ◽  
MICHAEL SCHAPER
Keyword(s):  
Female Entrepreneurs ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Individual Enterprise ◽  
Management Experience ◽  
Productive Ageing ◽  
Developed World ◽  
The Impact

Demographic trends in the developed world indicate that older entrepreneurs will play an increasingly important part of economic activity as populations age, yet this cohort has been largely ignored in entrepreneurship research. This paper provides an overview of current research about the so-called "grey entrepreneur" (also known as senior, older, third age or elderly entrepreneurs), drawing on research from a number of nations. The extant literature indicates that a majority of older entrepreneurs are male, although the number of older female entrepreneurs is increasing; they are also less likely to possess formal educational qualifications than younger entrepreneurs. Some of the advantages that such entrepreneurs possess include greater levels of technical, industrial and management experience; superior personal networks; and a stronger financial asset base. Some of the disadvantages or potential barriers faced by older entrepreneurs can include lower levels of health, energy and productivity; ageism; and the value that his or her society places on active ("productive") ageing. Numerous issues still remain to be investigated in this field of research. These include the differences between younger and older entrepreneurs; their motives and success criteria; the impact of financial, knowledge and other resources on venturing behaviour; the role of government policies in fostering or hampering individual enterprise; and the significance of cultural differences amongst older entrepreneurs. Research in this field is currently also hampered by a multiplicity of terms and definitions, a lack of age-related data about different entrepreneurial cohorts, and the problems inherent in operationalising the concept of the "grey entrepreneur."

scholarly journals Impact of National Economic Empowerment and Development Strategy (NEEDS) on the Private Sector: A Case Study of Power Sector

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Modinat Olaitan Olusoji ◽  
Olusegun O. Oloba
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Economic Empowerment ◽  
Power Sector ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
National Economic ◽  
The Impact

The paper examines the impact of the National Economic Empowerment and Development Strategy (NEEDS) on the private sector by looking at the contribution the power sector had made in realizing the goal of making private enterprise the engine of growth in Nigeria. NEEDS reform is to  transform the power sector into one led by the private sector, with the role of government  restricted primarily in policy formulation and establishment of an appropriate legal and regulatory framework.  The paper discusses among many things: an overview of power supply in Nigeria; the effect of power sector on private sectors; challenges of the sector; as well as the ways forward. The paper concludes that there is   need to put concerted effort to generate adequate power supply to enable the private sector thrives and serves as engine of growth in Nigeria.

scholarly journals Interlinkages between Urbanization and Climate Change: Identifying and Understanding the Challenges and the Prospects

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-300
Author(s):  
Abhinav Alakshendra ◽  
Arjun Kumar ◽  
Simi Mehta
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Urban Governance ◽  
Institutional Reforms ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Government Organizations ◽  
Urban Service ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

India is urbanizing at an alarming rate and the impact of climate change is becoming more visible each passing day. The rapid urbanization and climate change have severe direct and indirect consequences, such as increasing poverty, inequality, massive displacement, public health concerns, and challenges of urban governance, among others. This paper identifies some of the most pressing issues faced by urban India in the context of climate change. It also details the interventions undertaken at the local, national, and international levels to counter the effect of the climate change. In addition, it critically evaluates the role of government organizations, especially in terms of undertaking regulatory and planning functions. The paper argues that the implementation of institutional reforms would enable the government to reach out to the private sector to improve urban service delivery. It also provides examples of best practices from India and the world in combating climate change through adaptation and mitigation approaches.Abstrak. India mengalami urbanisasi pada tingkat yang mengkhawatirkan dan dampak perubahan iklim menjadi terlihat setiap hari. Urbanisasi yang cepat dan perubahan iklim memiliki konsekuensi langsung dan tidak langsung yang parah, seperti antara lain meningkatnya kemiskinan, ketimpangan, pengungsian besar-besaran, masalah kesehatan masyarakat, dan tantangan tata kelola kota. Makalah ini mengidentifikasi beberapa masalah paling mendesak yang dihadapi oleh perkotaan India dalam konteks perubahan iklim. Makalah ini juga merinci intervensi yang dilakukan di tingkat lokal, nasional, dan internasional untuk melawan dampak perubahan iklim. Selain itu, secara kritis makalah ini mengevaluasi peran organisasi pemerintah, terutama dalam menjalankan fungsi pengaturan dan perencanaan. Makalah ini berpendapat bahwa pelaksanaan reformasi kelembagaan akan memungkinkan pemerintah menjangkau sektor swasta untuk membantu meningkatkan pelayanan perkotaan. Makalah ini juga memberikan contoh praktik terbaik dari India dan dunia dalam memerangi perubahan iklim melalui pendekatan adaptasi dan mitigasi.Kata kunci. Urbanisasi, perubahan iklim, keterkaitan, tata kelola kota, mitigasi.

Upward mobility and Consumption Pattern: An Analysis from Central and Southern Punjab, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 665-678
Author(s):  
Samra Khalid ◽  
Nabila Asghar ◽  
Hafeez Ur Rehman
Keyword(s):  
Upward Mobility ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Cultural Goods ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Consumption Behavior ◽  
Rapid Changes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

During the past couple of decades the rapid changes in socio economic structure of Punjab, Pakistan have been observed. The present study is an attempt to analyze the impact of socio economic mobility on the changes in consumption pattern of households in Central and Southern Punjab, Pakistan using primary data. In the first part, the study identifies the socio economic factors which are responsible for upward mobility while, the second part deals with the impact of upward mobility on the changes in consumption pattern of households. The results of logistic model reveal that income and occupation progression have emerged important factors which cause changes in consumption pattern of households from basic goods to cultural goods. However, the impact of education on the changes in consumption pattern has come up low as compared to occupation progression and income. The study concludes that the role of government is highly important in shaping the consumption behavior of mobile households through providing appropriate incentives regarding higher education and occupation progression.

POST-OPA 90 NATIONAL STRIKE FORCE1

1993 ◽  
Vol 1993 (1) ◽  
pp. 273-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lt. Alvin M. Crickard ◽  
Donald S. Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spills ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Coast Guard ◽  
Special Forces ◽  
The Public ◽  
Response System ◽  
Marine Environmental Protection ◽  
National Response ◽  
Federal Water Pollution Control

ABSTRACT The Oil Pollution Act of 1990 (OPA 90) has resulted in an overall restructuring and enhancement of the national strike force. The OPA 90 legislation amended the Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (FWPCA), which first gave the Coast Guard a role in marine environmental protection. The FWPCA led to the establishment of the national response system (NRS) and the establishment of “special forces” which would be available for pollution response. These special forces included the Coast Guard manned strike teams (collectively, the national strike force, or NSF) and the public information assist team (PIAT). OPA 90 legislation affected the NSF by requiring the Coast Guard to establish a national response unit (NRU) located at Elizabeth City, North Carolina. The NRU, now renamed the National Strike Force Coordination Center (NSFCC), would provide overall management of the strike teams and PIAT and in addition, perform several new functions in consulting, exercise management, coordination of spill response, and logistics and maintenance of worldwide resource inventories. This paper examines all OPA 90 initiatives affecting the national strike force. It concludes that the overall impact on the national response system is quite positive and should result in significant improvement in response to both major and catastrophic oil spills.

scholarly journals Environmental Regulation, Government Subsidies, and Green Technology Innovation—A Provincial Panel Data Analysis from China

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 11991
Author(s):  
Pei Wang ◽  
Cong Dong ◽  
Nan Chen ◽  
Ming Qi ◽  
Shucheng Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Regulation ◽  
Technology Innovation ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Green Technology ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
New Era ◽  
Government Subsidies ◽  
The North ◽  
The Impact

Economic development in the “new era” will require green innovation. To encourage the growth of green technology innovation, it has become fashionable to strengthen environmental regulation. However, the impact of environmental regulation on green technology innovation, as well as the role of government subsidies, needs to be examined. Utilizing fixed-effect models and 2SLS models to explore the impact of environmental regulation on green technology innovation in China from 2003 to 2017, this research sought to examine whether environmental regulations impact green technology innovation, as well as the role of government subsidies in the above-mentioned influence path. The findings support the Porter Hypothesis by demonstrating an inverted “U” relationship between environmental regulation and green technology innovation. The impact of environmental regulation on green technology innovation varies by region. To be specific, there is an inverted “U” relationship between environmental regulation and green technology innovation in China’s central and central coast regions. In comparison, the north area, southern coast, and southwest region exhibit a “U” relationship between the two. The relationship is not significant in the Beijing-Tianjin region. Additionally, government subsidies act as an intermediate in this process, positively influencing firms to pursue green technology innovation during the earliest stages of environmental regulation strengthening. However, government subsidies above a certain level are unproductive and should be used appropriately and phased off in due course.

Ethics and Security under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act

2011 ◽  
pp. 254-259
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Tribunella ◽  
Heidi R. Tribunella
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
The United States ◽  
Financial Information ◽  
Accounting Firms ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Sarbanes Oxley ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Arthur Andersen

The role of government, the impact of legislation, and the interaction of public policy with capital markets in the United States will be addressed in this article. In addition, we will review the ethical issues that were encountered by large accounting firms such as Arthur Andersen in their efforts to audit the financial information of clients such as Enron and Global Crossing.

VESSEL RESPONSE PLANS: A TILE IN THE MOSAIC OF THE NATIONAL RESPONSE SYSTEM1

1995 ◽  
Vol 1995 (1) ◽  
pp. 926-926
Author(s):  
Duane Michael Smith
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
The Past ◽  
Response System ◽  
National Response ◽  
Vessel Response ◽  
Oil Spill Response

ABSTRACT With the implementation of the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 came the requirement for vessels to develop plans for responding to oil spills from their vessels. While some companies had such plans in the past, the National Response System did not formally recognize their existence. Individual vessel response plans must now be viewed as an integral part of the National Response System. All of the parties that could be involved in an oil spill response must begin to view themselves as one tile of many that make up the mosaic known as the National Response System.

EFFECTS OF OPA 90 RESPONSE PLANNING ON REPORTED SPILLS

1997 ◽  
Vol 1997 (1) ◽  
pp. 761-764 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana Stalcup ◽  
Gary Yoshioka ◽  
Brad Kaiman ◽  
Adam Hall
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Emergency Response ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
The United States ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Notification System ◽  
Response Planning ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Spilled Oil

ABSTRACT In the years following the passage of the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 (OPA 90), government agencies and regulated parties in the United States have begun to implement spill prevention and preparedness programs. For this analysis, 7 years of oil spill data collected in the Emergency Response Notification System were used to measure the impact that OPA 90 has had on preventing large spills. Furthermore, relationships among the types, sources, and location of spilled oil are characterized. A comparison of the number of reported 10,000-gallon oil spills for the years 1992-1995 to that number for the years 1989-1991 indicates a decline, not only for vessels but also for pipelines and fixed facilities. The decline in large oil spills to water from various sources appears to indicate that the efforts of government and industry have had a measurable impact on environmental protection.

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