scholarly journals Trace Metals Contamination in Bread Ingredients and Bread from Bakeries in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-37
Author(s):  
V. O. E. Akpambang ◽  
A. P. Onifade
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer ◽  
Regular Consumption ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
Wheat Flours ◽  
Toxic Trace Metals ◽  
Range Of Values

Bread loaves and bread ingredients (wheat flours, salt, sugar, yeast and water) were randomly sampled from ten bakeries within Akure metropolis of south western Nigeria and analysed to determine their safety levels for human consumption with respect to trace metal contents. The trace metals (Cu, Zn, Mn, Cr, Cd and Pb) were analysed in the samples using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Results obtained revealed that toxic trace metals such as Cr, Cd and Pb were not detected in any of the samples. However, the levels of essential trace metals such as Cu, Zn and Mn had range of values in mg/kg: (0.039 – 0.091), (0.837 – 3.310) and (0.035 – 3.148); (0.056 – 0.091), (0.034 – 2.755) and (0.054 – 1.054) in the wheat flours and bread samples analysed respectively. This study revealed that the bread ingredients and loaves of bread sampled contained essential trace metals at levels that could not threaten the health of consumers over prolonged regular consumption.

scholarly journals Human Health Risk Assessment of Trace Metals in the Commonly Consumed Fish Species in Nakuru Town, Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 117863022091712
Author(s):  
Felly Esilaba ◽  
Wilkister Nyaora Moturi ◽  
Millicent Mokua ◽  
Terewe Mwanyika
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Target Hazard Quotient ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer

The present study was conducted to determine daily intake of cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), and lead (Pb) and to assess noncarcinogenic human health risk caused by these trace metals in the commonly consumed fish species ( Oreochromis niloticus, Rastrineobola argentea, Lates niloticus, and Protopterus aethiopicus) in Nakuru town, Kenya. Trace metal determination in the composite samples of the commonly consumed fish species was done using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Cd, Cu, and Pb content in the muscle tissues of the commonly consumed fish species ranged from 0.11 ± 0.045 to 1.11 ± 0.931 mg kg−1 for Cd, 0.48 ± 0.013 to 3.00 ± 0.009 mg kg−1 for Cu, and 3.42 ± 0.045 to 12.78 ± 0.108 mg kg−1 for Pb. Cu concentrations were within Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) recommended limits for this trace metal in fish. In contrast, Cd and Pb had values above their respective permissible limits in fish. The assessment of human exposure to trace metals indicated that exposure doses of Cd and Cu were safe for fish consumers. Conversely, target hazard quotient (THQ) values of Pb suggested possible health risks for consumers of the commonly consumed fish species in Nakuru town, Kenya.

scholarly journals Elemental composition of wild colisa lalia in relation to body size and condition factor from Pakistan

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 202
Author(s):  
Summera Fatima ◽  
Muhammad Naeem
Keyword(s):  
Condition Factor ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Colisa Lalia ◽  
Wet Weight

Twenty three samples of wild fish Colisa lalia were collected from Nala Daik, a stream in Sialkot. The concentration of Cadmium (Cd), Cobalt (Co), Iron (Fe), Manganese (Mn) and Nickel (Ni) in the whole fish were determined by Flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer to estimate the water contamination and health risk of human consumption in Sialkot region which is a popular industrial area. The detected cobalt in twenty two samples and nickel in eight samples exceeds the permitted limits for fish set by IAEA-407 (Wyse et al. 2003).While the concentration of Cadmium, Iron and Manganese in all samples were below permitted level set by European and other International Organizations. The concentration of Cd, Co, Fe, Mn and Ni was ranging from 0.20-1.71, 0.84-55.38, 82.82-137.63, 1.61-22.73, 2.23-5.98 having mean value as 0.67, 39.31, 139.09, 13.26 and 0.56 (ug/g wet weight) respectively. Regressions analysis was performed for both size and condition factor with metal concentrations. As far as correlation with total length and weight was concerned, a decreasing trend was shown by Cd and Ni while Co, Fe and Mn showed an increasing trend and these correlations were found significant for all these elements. No effect of condition factor was observed in the study on Colisa lalia. Inter-elemental regression showed significant correlations among metals.

scholarly journals Metal contamination and oxidative stress biomarkers in estuarine fish following a mine tailing disaster

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrício Ângelo Gabriel ◽  
Rachel Ann Hauser-Davis ◽  
Lorena Oliveira Souza Soares ◽  
Ana Carolina de Azevedo Mazzuco ◽  
Rafael Christian Chávez Rocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Contaminated Sediments ◽  
Estuarine Sediments ◽  
Estuarine Fish ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Metal Concentrations

AbstractThe Rio Doce estuary in Brazil was impacted by the deposition of mine tailings caused by the collapse of a mining dam in 2015. Since the disaster, the estuary is experiencing chronic trace metal contamination effects, but potential trace metal accumulation in fishes has not been reported. Trace metals in aquatic ecosystems pose severe threats to the aquatic biota, so we hypothesized that the accumulation of trace metals in estuarine sediments nearly two years after the disaster would cause contaminant bioaccumulation, resulting in the biosynthesis of metal-responsive proteins in fishes. We determined trace metal concentrations in sediment samples, metal concentrations, and quantified stress protein concentrations in the liver and muscle tissue of five different fish species in the estuary. Our results revealed high concentrations of trace metals in estuarine sediments when compared to published baseline values for this estuary. The demersal fish species Cathorops spixii and Genidens genidens had the highest Hg, As, Se, Cr, and Mn concentrations in both hepatic and muscle tissues. Metal bioaccumulation in fish was statistically correlated with the biosynthesis of metallothionein and reduced glutathione in both fish liver and muscle tissue. The trace metals detected in fish tissues resemble those in the contaminated sediments present at the estuary at the time of this study and were also significantly correlated to protein levels. Trace metals in fish muscle were above the maximum permissible limits for human consumption, suggesting potential human health risks that require further determination. Our study supports the high biogeochemical mobility of trace metals between contaminated sediments and local biota in estuarine ecosystems.

scholarly journals Levels of major, minor and toxic metals in tubers and flour of Dioscorea abyssinica grown in Ethiopia

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (58) ◽  
pp. 7870-7887
Author(s):  
A Aregahegn ◽  
◽  
BS Chandravanshi ◽  
M Atlabachew ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Variable Temperature ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Mineral Nutrients ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Root Tuber

Dioscorea abyssinica, commonly known as yam, is an indigenous plant in Ethiopia. Its root tuber is used as staple and co-staple food in South Nation Nationality People and Regional State of Ethiopia. This study was carried out to analyze the selected mineral nutrients in the tuber and flour of D. abyssinica grown in different parts of the country for human consumption. Samples collected from five different areas were analyzed for eleven metals (Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, Co, Cr Ni, Cd and Pb) by flame atomic absorption spectrometry and two metals (K and Na) by flame emission spectrometry. Known weight of oven-dried sample was wet-digested using 3 mL of (69–72%) HNO3 and 1 mL of (70%) HClO4, for 2 h at variable temperature (120–270 oC). The validity of the optimized procedure was evaluated by the analysis of spiked samples whose recovery was in the range of 92–105%. The mean concentration range (in μg/g) of each metal in D. abyssinica samples were K (8,469–13,914), Na (133–405), Ca (172–448), Mg (180–354), Fe (28.3–144.5), Mn (12.0–14.5), Zn (12.3–44.5), Cu (7.26–17.6), Co (1.91–8.68), Cr (0.86–3.41) and Ni (2.43–5.31). D.abyssinica could be good sources of essential trace metals to the individuals, more particularly Fe and Zn were higher than the entire trace metals in the samples investigated while Cd and Pb were in minor quantities and hence the plant is free from toxic heavy metals. Consuming 100 g of this tuber per day contribute the following concentration range of Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, Co, Ni and Cr in mg/100 g per day:2.8–14.4, 1.2–4.5, 0.73–1.8, ND–1.5, ND–0.87, 0.24–0.53 and 0.09–0.34 mg/100 g, respectively. Statistical analysis revealed that significant variations in metal concentrations among the sampling sites were observed for some of the metals when pair wise test was made while insignificant variation were seen for the remaining metals. D. abyssinica could be a better source of K, Ca, Fe and Zn to human compared to the common cereal flours (barley, wheat and red teff flour) as well as tuber food products like potato, cassava, yam, and enset (Ensete ventricosum), while it could be an alternative source of the other essential mineral nutrients to the individual daily mineral intake.

scholarly journals Aluminum, Iron, Lead, Cadmium, Copper, Zinc, Chromium, Magnesium, Strontium, and Calcium Content in Bone of End-Stage Renal Failure Patients

1999 ◽  
Vol 45 (9) ◽  
pp. 1548-1556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick C D’Haese ◽  
Marie-Madeleine Couttenye ◽  
Ludwig V Lamberts ◽  
Monique M Elseviers ◽  
William G Goodman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Trace Metals ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
Renal Osteodystrophy ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
End Stage Renal Failure ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
Bone Biopsies ◽  
End Stage

Abstract Background: Little is known about trace metal alterations in the bones of dialysis patients or whether particular types of renal osteodystrophy are associated with either increased or decreased skeletal concentrations of trace elements. Because these patients are at risk for alterations of trace elements as well as for morbidity from skeletal disorders, we measured trace elements in bone of patients with end-stage renal disease. Methods: We analyzed bone biopsies of 100 end-stage renal failure patients enrolled in a hemodialysis program. The trace metal contents of bone biopsies with histological features of either osteomalacia, adynamic bone disease, mixed lesion, normal histology, or hyperparathyroidism were compared with each other and with the trace metal contents of bone of subjects with normal renal function. Trace metals were measured by atomic absorption spectrometry. Results: The concentrations of aluminum, chromium, and cadmium were increased in bone of end-stage renal failure patients. Comparing the trace metal/calcium ratio, significantly higher values were found for the bone chromium/calcium, aluminum/calcium, zinc/calcium, magnesium/calcium, and strontium/calcium ratios. Among types of renal osteodystrophy, increased bone aluminum, lead, and strontium concentrations and strontium/calcium and aluminum/calcium ratios were found in dialysis patients with osteomalacia vs the other types of renal osteodystrophy considered as one group. Moreover, the concentrations of several trace elements in bone were significantly correlated with each other. Bone aluminum was correlated with the time on dialysis, whereas bone iron, aluminum, magnesium, and strontium tended to be associated with patient age. Bone trace metal concentrations did not depend on vitamin D intake nor on the patients’ gender. Conclusions: The concentration of several trace elements in bone of end-stage renal failure patients is disturbed, and some of the trace metals under study might share pathways of absorption, distribution, and accumulation. The clinical significance of the increased/decreased concentrations of several trace elements other than aluminum in bone of dialysis patients deserves further investigation.

scholarly journals Mining-contaminated estuaries of Cornwall – field research laboratories for trace metal ecotoxicology

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip S. Rainbow
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Large Degree ◽  
Biological Organization ◽  
Lead And Zinc ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Developed World ◽  
Toxic Trace Metals ◽  
High Sediment

AbstractA century or so after the cessation of almost all mining in Cornwall, certain estuaries still have extremely high sediment concentrations of toxic trace metals, particularly copper and arsenic, but also lead and zinc. These high trace metal loadings in the sediments are to a large degree bioavailable to the local infauna, especially sediment-ingesting invertebrates. Some sediment trace metal bioavailabilities are so high as to be of ecotoxicological concern, with deleterious effects on the local biota at levels of biological organization up to and including changed community structure. The estuaries of interest here are those of the Rivers Carnon (Restronguet Creek), Tamar (and Tavy), Gannel, West Looe and Hayle. These estuaries are especially attractive field sites for comparative trace metal ecophysiology and ecotoxicology research for they lack the confounding presence of other anthropogenic contaminants inevitably present in most estuaries in the developed world. The estuaries also offer a range of combinations of different trace metals and a comparative gradient of sediment bioavailabilities of these trace metals.

scholarly journals Evidence of Natural and Anthropogenic Impacts on Rainwater Trace Metal Geochemistry in Central Mexico: A Statistical Approach

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 192 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Rivera-Rivera ◽  
D. C. Escobedo-Urías ◽  
M. P. Jonathan ◽  
S. B. Sujitha ◽  
S. Chidambaram
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
Statistical Approach ◽  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Monthly Basis ◽  
Air Masses ◽  
Local Transport ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Toxic Potential

Trace metals Fe, Mn, Cr, Cu, Ni, Co, Pb, Zn, Cd, and As were determined on a monthly basis in a total of 52 rain samples collected from six different locations in the central region of Mexico during March 2016–April 2017. The average concentrations of trace metals (mg/L) in the rainwater samples showed an order of Zn (0.873) > Fe (0.395) > Mn (0.083) > Cr (0.041) ≥ Cu (0.041) > Pb (0.031) > Ni (0.020) > Co (0.013) > As (0.0003) > Cd (0.002). The differences observed in metal concentrations are related to variations in the influence of continental air masses, local transport, regional advection, and the solubility of trace metals. High concentrations of metals were observed in the months of March to May at all sites, probably due to the less extensive removal of air/air pollutants. The values obtained from the enrichment factor (EF) per metal showed relatively high values for Cd, Zn, Cu, Pb, Co, Ni, and Cr, suggesting anthropogenic origin. Pearson’s correlation matrix validated the distribution of trace metal sources and their relationships with local/regional meteorological characteristics. This paper presents relevant basic information for the evaluation of the toxic potential of rainwater and the possible health risks when using this source of water for human consumption.

Spatial and seasonal variations and ecotoxicological significance of sediment trace metal concentrations in Kebir-Rhumel basin (Northeast of Algeria)

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 (8) ◽  
pp. 1759-1766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Sahli ◽  
Fatima-Zohra Afri-Mehennaoui ◽  
Mohamed El Hadef El Okki ◽  
Christian Blaise ◽  
Smail Mehennaoui
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
Extreme Values ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Probable Effect Level ◽  
Threshold Effect Level ◽  
Effect Level

This study sought to assess sediment contamination by trace metals (cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, manganese, nickel, lead and zinc), to localize contaminated sites and to identify environmental risk for aquatic organisms in Wadis of Kebir Rhumel basin in the Northeast of Algeria. Water and surficial sediments (0–5 cm) were sampled in winter, spring, summer and autumn from 37 sites along permanent Wadis of the Kebir Rhumel basin. Sediment trace metal contents were measured by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. Trace metals median concentrations in sediments followed a decreasing order: Mn > Zn > Pb > Cr > Cu > Ni > Co > Cd. Extreme values (dry weights) of the trace metals are as follows: 0.6–3.4 μg/g for Cd, 10–216 μg/g for Cr, 9–446 μg/g for Cu, 3–20 μg/g for Co, 105–576 μg/g for Mn, 10–46 μg/g for Ni, 11–167 μg/g for Pb, and 38–641 μg/g for Zn. According to world natural concentrations, all sediments collected were considered as contaminated by one or more elements. Comparing measured concentrations with American guidelines (Threshold Effect Level: TEL and Probable Effect Level: PEL) showed that biological effects could be occasionally observed for cadmium, chromium, lead and nickel levels but frequently observed for copper and zinc levels. Sediment quality was shown to be excellent for cobalt and manganese but medium to bad for cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, nickel and zinc regardless of sites.

scholarly journals Determination of the heavy metal contents of frequently used herbal products in Pakistan

2022 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 377-382
Author(s):  
Tehseen Quds ◽  
Maryam Ahmed ◽  
Sadia Shakeel ◽  
Nusrat Jalbani ◽  
Farah Mazhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
World Health ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Arsenic Level ◽  
Herbal Products ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
Health Organization

Purpose: To determine the heavy metal content of selected local and international herbal medicines sold for the treatment of various diseases in Pakistan. Methods: The different dosage forms of herbal medicines assessed were crude forms of syrups, gel, capsule, powder and tonic. Wet digestion method was used to prepare the herbal samples using nitric acid, and then analyzed for arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg), using MHS-15 mercury/hydride system and flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). Results: The investigated results displayed the Arsenic level (0.00 ppm to 0.580 ppm); Cadmium (0.001 ppm to 0.006 ppm); Lead (0.00 ppm to 1.078 ppm) and Mercury (0.001 ppm to 0.012 ppm). All results were found below the permissible limit of acceptability intake of the World Health Organization (WHO) and American Herbal Products Association (AHPA). The pH of the samples were in the range of 1.52 to 6.99. Conclusion: The findings reveal that the investigated herbal products available in Pakistan are safe with reference to heavy metals, and considered non-toxic for human consumption.

scholarly journals Quantitative Analysis Of Trace Metal In Water And Soft Tissues Of Balanus Amphitrite In Nandikadal Lagoon, Sri Lanka

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sivashanthini Kuganathan ◽  
Dhanushka Dilini Jayaweera Shivatharshini Yohi ◽  
Kuttithamby Gunaalan
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Trace Metals ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
Spatial Variation ◽  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Good Choice ◽  
Balanus Amphitrite ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption

Due to long–term military activities carried out in Nandikadal lagoon situated at Mullaitivu, Sri Lanka, there are high possibilities to impact water and biota with heavy metals. Balanus amphitrite (Barnacles) has been found as a strong candidate for biomonitoring of trace metals. Therefore, the present study describes the impacts of trace metal pollution on water and the soft tissues of Balanus amphitrite. Water samples and barnacles were collected from two locations of the lagoon for four months during the dry and wet seasons. Quantitative analysis of trace metals (Cd, Cu, Cr, Pb and Zn) were detected in the water and tissue samples using flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Cd, Cr, Pb and Cu found in tissues of barnacles were several times higher than the International recommended level except for Zn. The concentration of Pb in tissues of barnacles showed a significant (p < 0.05) spatial variation. The Cd and Cu concentrations obtained in soft tissues showed significant (p < 0.05) seasonal variations. The concentration of Cr in water showed a significant (p < 0.05) spatial variation and other trace metals (Pb,Cd) except Zn, showed significant (p < 0.05) seasonal variations. There were significant positive correlations between water and soft tissues with respect to Cd (p=0.000 & r = 0.893) and Pb (p=0.002 & r=0.435). Zn found in samples showed negative correlation between water and soft tissues. According to this results Balanus amphitrite has an ability to accumulate trace metals several times greater than in the lagoon water. Therefore, Balanus amphitrite is a strong net–accumulator of Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, Cr. Hence, it is a good choice to be used as a bioindicator organism to find the level impact of trace metal contamination.

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