Bacteriological Assessment of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) Isolated from Earthen and Concrete Fish Pond

The purpose of this research work is to evaluates, isolate, identify, characterized and compare the bacteria load in African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) from Earthen and Concrete Fish Pond. African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) is a choice culture fish and an African delicacy to African consumers. Concrete pond and Earthen pond are the two types of ponds used in fish farming in West Africa. An earthen pond is a water body that is enclosed by earth while a concrete pond are pond constructed with bricks (plastered) or tanks. Clarias gariepinus were obtained from the earthen and concrete ponds from Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba–Akoko, Ondo state, Nigeria. The fishes were harvested and eviscerated and different organs of the fish were collected for the purpose of this research work. Isolation of bacteria was done using the streaking method of cultural media. Preliminary characterization of bacterial isolates were based on Gram staining, morphological and cultural characteristics. Further characterization was carried out with various biochemical tests (Catalase, Citrate, Indole, Oxidase test, Starch hydrolysis, Urease and Sugar fermentation) and Bergey’s manual Microbiology. In concrete pond, it was observed that Bacillus subtilis was the most percentage frequently distributed bacteria isolate in Clarias gariepinus with (8%) Staphylococcus aureus (9.5%), Alcaligenes xylosidans (4.7%), Alcaligenes paradoxus (4.7%), Acinetobacter calcoa ceticus (4.7%), Pseudomonas putida (4.7%), Bacillus cereus (23.8%), Citrobacter amalonaticus (9.5%), Acinetobacter baumanni(4.7%), Listeria grayi(9.5%) and Listeria monocytogenes (4.7%) while In earthen pond Enterococcus gallinarum (4.0%), Streptococcus ub eris (8.0%) and Micrococcus luteus(4.0%) was the most frequently distributed bacteria isolate in Clarias gariepinus earthen pond, Marinococcus halophilus(4.0%),Enterobacter aerogenes (4.0%), Micrococcus lylae (4.0%), Alcalige nes faecalis(4.0%), Enterococcus molodoratus (4.0%), Enterococcus gallinarum (8.0%), Bacillus pumilus (4.0%), Citrobacter freundii (4.0%), Sporosa rcina inulinus (4.0%), Deinococcus radiodurans (4.0%), Vibrio marinus(4.0%), Listeria murrayi (4.0%), Deinobacter grandis(4.0%), Deinococcus proteolyticus (4.0%), Bacillus lautus(4.0%) and Micrococcus halobius (4.0%). Highest viable colony counts (5.6 × 104 for C. gariepinus were found in the concrete pond and (6.3 × 104) from the earthen pond respectively. Alimentary canal of fish in the concrete pond has the highest value of 4.73±0.81a and fish body has the lowest values (3.53±0.99a).Fish water has the highest value (4.33±1.15a) and lowest value (2.20±1.2a)) were found in earthen pond. It can be concluded that this organisms isolated from C. gariepinus in this study has the potential of becoming pathogenic and dangerous health risk and constitute severe economic loss to fish farmers and general populate especially those that consume catfish, therefore the Catfish should be raised in an hygienic and properly processed methods before consumption.

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Yields of the African catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell), from a low input, homestead, concrete pond

Aquaculture ◽

10.1016/0044-8486(86)90064-5 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 55 (2) ◽

pp. 87-91 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Peter C. Egwui

Keyword(s):

Clarias Gariepinus ◽

African Catfish ◽

Low Input ◽

Concrete Pond

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Mortality of Clarias gariepinus caused by Aeromonas caviae and nitrite toxicity in a fish farm

Sokoto Journal of Veterinary Sciences ◽

10.4314/sokjvs.v19i2.10 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 138-144

Author(s):

O.O. Oladele ◽

N.O. Ameji ◽

G.Y. Gurumyen ◽

W.A. Adanu ◽

T.T. Kolade ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Samples ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Clarias Gariepinus ◽

Fish Farming ◽

Fish Pond ◽

African Catfish ◽

Fish Farms ◽

Commercial Fish ◽

Aeromonas Caviae ◽

Nitrite Toxicity

In Nigeria, farming of freshwater fish, mainly that of Clarias gariepinus has gained prominence as means of improved protein supply and livelihood. Many farmers suffer untold losses in their bid to make a living from commercial fish production. Among the major causes of infectious disease outbreaks in fish farms are pathogenic bacteria of the genus Aeromonas. This is a case report of outbreak of Aeromonas caviae infection complicated by nitrite toxicity in Clarias gariepinus. Carcasses of 17 African catfish juveniles and two water samples were presented to the poultry and fish clinic of the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Jos for investigation. The fishes had been on medication (Fish cure antibiotic +®) for over 5 days with cumulative mortality of 230 out of 2,500 fishes (9.2 %). Necropsy was conducted and samples were taken for microbial analysis and histopathology while water samples were subjected to chemical analysis. Gross lesions were broken barbels, cutaneous depigmentation, branchial pallor, ascites, renal and splenic congestion. Histologically, there was dissociation of hepatic cords, necrosis of hepatocytes with vacuolation and mononuclear cellular infiltrations. Also, there was renal tubular epithelial necrosis with mononuclear and heterophilic infiltration while micro abscesses were observed in the brain. Marked Zenker’s necrosis and edema were seen in the skeletal muscles. Organism isolated from livers and kidneys was identified as Aeromonas caviae and was susceptible to enrofloxacin, furaltadone and florfenicol. Nitrite in fish pond water was 1mg/L. Bath medication with enrofloxacin at 33mg/litre of water for 6 hours treatment per day was done to reduce the mortality. The farmer was advised to change the source of water for the fish pond immediately. It is recommended that to avoid losses in fish farming, farmers should check the quality of water intended for use on fish farms and ensure early health check on fingerlings purchased for rearing.

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EFEK SELEKSI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN, SINTASAN, EFISIENSI KONVERSI PAKAN, RASIO RNA/DNA DAN BIOEKONOMI IKAN LELE AFRIKA (Clarias gariepinus)

Media Akuakultur ◽

10.15578/ma.12.1.2017.11-17 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 11

Author(s):

Raden Roro Sri Pudji Sinarni Dewi ◽

Evi Tahapari

Keyword(s):

Survival Rate ◽

Clarias Gariepinus ◽

Local Strain ◽

Payback Period ◽

Conversion Ratio ◽

African Catfish ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Good Quality Seed ◽

The Cost ◽

Concrete Pond

Peningkatan produksi ikan lele perlu didukung oleh ketersediaan benih berkualitas baik. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pengujian penggunaan benih unggul ikan lele hasil seleksi (strain Mutiara) dengan tujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi mengenai performa hasil seleksi terhadap pertumbuhan, sintasan, konversi pakan, rasio RNA/DNA, dan nilai bioekonominya. Pengujian dilakukan di sentra budidaya ikan lele di Kabupaten Sleman. Hasil pengujian pertumbuhan pada kolam tembok berukuran 12,5 m2 menunjukkan bahwa strain Mutiara menunjukkan bobot akhir, sintasan, dan biomassa panen yang lebih tinggi (P<0,1) dibandingkan strain lokal. Strain Mutiara lebih efisien dalam memanfaatkan pakan dibandingkan strain lokal yang ditunjukkan dengan nilai FCR yang lebih rendah. Pertumbuhan strain Mutiara yang lebih cepat didukung oleh peningkatan rasio RNA/DNA yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan strain lokal. Berdasarkan analisis nilai bioekonomi, biaya yang dikeluarkan untuk menghasilkan 1 kg ikan lele strain Mutiara lebih murah (Rp 12.576,-) dibandingkan strain lokal (Rp 15.105,-). Nilai BCR pada budidaya ikan lele strain Mutiara (1,3) lebih tinggi dibandingkan strain lokal (1,1), yang menunjukkan bahwa budidaya ikan lele strain Mutiara lebih menguntungkan dibandingkan strain lokal. Keuntungan yang diperoleh pada budidaya ikan lele strain Mutiara (31,2) mencapai tiga kali lebih tinggi dibandingkan strain lokal (9,9), berdasarkan nilai pengembalian modal (ROI). Masa pengembalian modal (PP) pada budidaya ikan lele strain Mutiara (3,2 siklus) adalah 3 kali lebih singkat daripada strain lokal (9,9 siklus).The effort to increase African catfish production should be supported by the availability of good quality seed. In this study, we evaluated the performance of superior African catfish seed (Mutiara strain) that was resulted through selection program on growth, survival rate, feed conversion ratio, RNA/DNA ratio, and bioeconomic paramaters. The experiment was conducted at the center of catfish farming in Sleman District. Fish were cultivated in 12.5 m2 concrete pond. The result showed that the use of Mutiara strain could significantly increase growth, survival rate, and biomass harvest (P<0.1)). Mutiara strain were more efficient at utilizing feed than that of local strains which was indicated by low FCR value. The fast growth of Mutiara strain correlated with the increase of RNA/DNA ratio. Based on the analysis of bioeconomic value, the cost for producing 1 kg of Mutiara strain (IDR 12,576) was lower than that of local strain (IDR 15,105). The BCR value for Mutiara strain farming (1.3) was higher than that of local strain (1.1), indicated that Mutiara strain farming was more beneficial than that of local strain. The value of return of investment (ROI) for Mutiara strain (31.2) was three times higher than that of local strain (9.9). The payback period (PP) on the Mutiara strain farming (3.2 cycles) was shorter than that of local strain (9.9 cycles).

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EFEKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI BAWANG PUTIH (Allium sativum L) SEBAGAI PENGAWET ALAMI PADA IKAN LELE DUMBO (Clarias gariephinus) SEGAR

Surya Medika: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Keperawatan dan Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat ◽

10.32504/sm.v14i1.106 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 26

Author(s):

Dyah Anggraeni ◽

Nurlela Nurlela

Keyword(s):

Room Temperature ◽

Allium Sativum ◽

Research Result ◽

Clarias Gariepinus ◽

Storage Period ◽

The Body ◽

Garlic Extract ◽

African Catfish ◽

Natural Preservatives ◽

Colony Counter

Background: Natural preservatives are compounds produced by natural ingredients that can suppress bacterial growth and development. Natural preservatives are carried out because most of the preservatives circulating are chemicals and unsafe for the body. One of the natural preservatives is by using garlic extract (Allium sativum L). Objective: This study is aimed to determine the effectiveness of the antibacterial garlic (Allium sativum L) as a natural preservative in fresh African catfish (Clarias gariepinus). Method: This research used the Pour Plate iroculation method. African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) which is soaked with garlic (Allium sativum L) with a concentration of 7%, 14% and 21% for 30 minutes, then the fish will be kept at room temperature with a storage period of 24 hours and 48 hours and calculated growth in bacterial numbers with the Colony counter. Result: Based on the research result, it was found that garlic extract (Allium sativum L) can obstruct the effectiveness of antibacterial in African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) at a concentration of 14%.

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PEMBEKUAN SEMEN LELE DUMBO (Clarias Gariepinus BURCHELL 1822) SEBAGAI MODEL KRIOPRESERVASI SEMEN IKAN

Jurnal Natural ◽

10.30862/jn.v9i1.778 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Lutfi Lutfi

Keyword(s):

Liquid Nitrogen ◽

Clarias Gariepinus ◽

African Catfish ◽

Nitrogen Vapor ◽

Dmso Concentration ◽

Freezing Temperatures ◽

Vapor Liquid

Effect of four types of diluentss and four concentration of DMSO (5%, 10%, 15% and 20%) against the motility of African catfish sperm were evaluated after storage at freezing temperatures. The steps in preparation the 16 treatments combination of the diluents are preparation of diluents, mixing diluents with DMSO, packing of semen into 0.3-ml straw, equilibration of semen at 4 °C for 30 minutes, freezing of semen in nitrogen vapor liquid at a height of 6.5 cm for 10 minutes, and subsequently storage of semen in liquid nitrogen (-196 0C) for further analysis of post-thawing motility (PTM). The result showed that the highest level of motility of spermatozoa was in treatment P1D15 (45.7 ± 4.3%) and the lowest was in treatment P2D20 (14.5 ± 13.2%). The best diluent in this observation was diluents containing NaCl, KCl, CaCl2 and NaHCO3. The best concentration was DMSO 15%. While the best interaction between the concentration of DMSO diluents is P1D15 treatments containing NaCl, KCl, CaCl 2 and NaHCO3 with a combination of 15% DMSO concentration. The conclusion of the research is that diluents containing NaCl, KCl, CaCl2 and NaHCO3 with a combination of 15% DMSO concentration can be used in cryopreservation of African catfish semen.

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